Фукуок на английском как пишется


На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.


На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Фукуок m

Фу Куок

Фукуоке

Phu Quoc


We advise romantics to recover on the southern island of Phu Quoc, where beaches are hidden from the postcards behind tropical thicket.



Романтикам советуем оправится на южный остров Фукуок, где за тропическими чащами прячутся пляжи с открыток.


Phu Quoc has achieved fast economic growth due to its current tourism boom.



Фукуок испытывает быстрый экономический рост в связи с текущим туристическим бумом.


In Phu Quoc, you will find pearls of all shades and sizes.



На Фукуоке вы найдете жемчуг всех оттенков и размеров.


Resting Phu Quoc, you can visit the Cau, built in honor of the sea goddess — patroness of sailors and fishermen.



Отдыхая на Фукуоке, вы сможете посетитьдворец Кау, построенный в честь морской богини — покровительницы моряков и рыбаков.


But not only beaches, interesting Phu Quoc island: on the island of magnificent nature.



Не только пляжами интересен Фукуок: на острове роскошная природа.


Not all of Phu Quoc is a tropical paradise.



Не весь Фукуок является тропическим раем.


Phu Quoc produces over an 12 million litres of fish sauce each year and has around 85 factories on the island.



Фукуок производит 12 миллионов литров соуса ежегодно, для чего работают 85 заводов.


Using the most modern and secure technology in the world today, the Phu Quoc Island cable car works smoothly, without vibrations.



Используя самую современную и безопасную технологию в мире на сегодняшний день, канатная дорога острова Фукуок работает плавно, без вибраций.


The consul-general emphasized that voting on Phu Quoc Island is organized for the first time ever.



Генконсул обратил внимание, что на острове Фукуок голосование организуется впервые в истории.


In the recent past, Phu Quoc island is the French colonialists used mainly as a prison.



В недалеком прошлом остров Фукуок французские колонизаторы использовали в основном как тюрьму.


The city has about 300,000 inhabitants and is more lively and urban in character than other beach destinations like Mui Ne and Phu Quoc.



Город насчитывает около 300000 жителей с более оживлённым городским характером, относительно других пляжных направлений, как Муйне и Фукуок.


Phu Quoc is popular for creating the very best nuoc mam or fermented fish sauce in the world.



Фукуок славится производством лучшего Ныокмам или ферментированного рыбного соуса в мире.


Welcome to Phu Quoc Pearl Island, where the richness of the natural landscape blends perfectly with rustic charms of local village life.



Добро пожаловать на жемчужный остров Фукуок, где богатство естественных ландшафтов органично сочетается с очарованием сельской природы.


Some are really well-known like Phu Quoc, Cat Ba, but others are still hidden gems that need discovering.



Некоторые из них очень известны, как например Фукуок и Катба, а другие все еще остаются спрятанными драгоценными камнями, которые нужно открывать.


Speaking of beautiful islands in Vietnam, people never forget to mention Phu Quoc.



Говоря о красивых вьетнамских островах, люди всегда вспоминают в первую очередь Фукуок.


If so you came to Phu Quoc, do not visit this Museum just can’t.



Если уж вы попали на Фукуок, не посетить этот музей просто нельзя.


It’s more lively and urban in character than other beach destinations like Mui Ne and Phu Quoc…



Это более живой и городской в характере, чем другие пляжные направления, такие как Муйне и Фукуок.


Visas when arriving by ferry to Phu Quoc island from the mainland especially no one checks, there is no control, unless the raids what can happen.



Визу при прибытии на пароме на Фукуок с материка специально никто не проверяет, там нет контроля, если только не облавы какие-то может случатся.


Phu Quoc is what Phuket would be if it hadn’t been overrun by growth.



Фукуок представляет собой то, чем бы мог стать Пхукет, если бы не он не подвергся влиянию прогресса.


With such an abundance of natural assets, it is little wonder that Phu Quoc and its surrounding islands have been designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.



При таком изобилии природных богатств не приходится удивляться тому, что Фукуок и окружающий его архипелаг имеют статус биосферного заповедника ЮНЕСКО.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 210. Точных совпадений: 210. Затраченное время: 113 мс

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Источник

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Phú Quốc

Thành phố Phú Quốc

Provincial city (Vietnam)
Phú Quốc City
Phu Quoc island

Phu Quoc island

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is located in Vietnam

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc
Coordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°ECoordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°E
Country  Vietnam
Province Kiên Giang
Area
 • Total 589.27 km2 (227.52 sq mi)
Population
 • Total 179,480
 • Density 305/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+7 (ICT)
Calling code 855
Website phuquoc.kiengiang.gov.vn

Bãi Sao beach on Phú Quốc island

Phú Quốc (Vietnamese: [fǔ kǔə̯k]) is the largest island in Vietnam. Phú Quốc and nearby islands, along with the distant Thổ Chu Islands, are part of Kiên Giang Province as Phú Quốc City, the island has a total area of 574 km2 (222 sq mi) and a permanent population of approximately 179,480 people.[1] Located in the Gulf of Thailand, the island city of Phú Quốc includes the island proper and 21 smaller islets. Dương Đông ward is located on the west coast, and is also the administrative and largest town on the island. The other ward is An Thới on the southern tip of the island.

Its primary industries are fishing, agriculture, and a fast-growing tourism sector. Phú Quốc has achieved fast economic growth due to its current tourism boom. Many infrastructure projects have been carried out, including several five-star hotels and resorts. Phú Quốc International Airport is the hub connecting Phú Quốc with mainland Vietnam and other international destinations.

From March 2014, Vietnam allowed all foreign tourists to visit Phú Quốc visa-free for a period of up to 30 days.[2][3] By 2017, the government of Vietnam planned to set up a Special Administrative Region which covered Phú Quốc Island and peripheral islets and upgrade it to a provincial city with special administration.

The historical Phú Quốc Prison was based here; the prison was built by French colonialists to detain captured Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers.

Geography[edit]

Phú Quốc lies south of the Cambodian coast, south of Kampot, and 40 kilometres (22 nmi) west of Hà Tiên, the nearest coastal town in Vietnam. Roughly triangular in shape the island is 50 kilometres (31 mi) long from north to south and 25 kilometres (16 mi) from east to west at its widest. It is also located 17 nautical miles (31 km) from Kampot, 62 nautical miles (115 km) from Rạch Giá and nearly 290 nautical miles (540 km) from Laem Chabang, Thailand.
A mountainous ridge known as «99 Peaks» runs the length of Phú Quốc, with Chúa Mountain being the tallest at 603 metres (1,978 ft).

Phú Quốc Island is mainly composed of sedimentary rocks from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic age, including heterogeneous conglomerate composition, layering thick, quartz pebbles, silica, limestone, rhyolite and felsite. The Mesozoic rocks are classified in Phú Quốc Formation (K pq). The Cenozoic sediments are classified in formations of Long Toàn (middle — upper Pleistocene), Long Mỹ (upper Pleistocene), Hậu Giang (lower — middle Holocene), upper Holocene sediments, and undivided Quaternary (Q).[4]

Administrative units[edit]

The city of Phú Quốc is officially divided into nine commune-level sub-divisions, including two urban wards (Dương Đông, An Thới) and seven rural communes (Bãi Thơm, Cửa Cạn, Cửa Dương, Dương Tơ, Gành Dầu, Hàm Ninh, Thổ Châu).

Economy[edit]

Fishing has historically been the dominant industry in Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is famous for its two traditional products: fish sauce and black pepper. The rich fishing grounds offshore provides the anchovy catch from which the prized sauce is made. As widely agreed among the Vietnamese people, the best fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc. The island name is very coveted and abused in the fish sauce industry that local producers have been fighting for the protection of its appellation of origin.[5]
Pepper is cultivated everywhere on the island, especially at Gành Dầu and Cửa Dương communes.[6]
The pearl farming activity began more than 20 years ago when Australian and Japanese experts arrived to develop the industry with advanced technology. Some Vietnamese pearl farms were established at that time including Quốc An.[7]

Tourism plays an important role in the economy, with the beaches being the main attraction. Phú Quốc was served by Phú Quốc Airport with air links to Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Hanoi (Noi Bai International Airport), Rạch Giá (Rạch Giá Airport) and Can Tho (Can Tho International Airport). Phú Quốc Airport was closed and replaced by the new Phú Quốc International Airport from December 2, 2012.[8] Phú Quốc is also linked with Rạch Giá and Hà Tiên by fast ferry hydrofoils.[citation needed]

Air Mekong used to have its headquarters in An Thới.[9][10]

Many domestic and international projects related to tourism have been carried out, including the latest direct flights from Bangkok to Phú Quốc by Bangkok Airways, which could make Phú Quốc a new tourist hub in Southeast Asia.

With the combination of Vinpearl Phú Quốc Resorts and the opening of the new Vinmec Phú Quốc International Hospital in June 2015, Phú Quốc will add an additional source of revenue to the local economy in terms of medical services, medical tourism, and medical education.[11]

History[edit]

[icon]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2022)

In the area of Dương Đông town market

The earliest Cambodian references to Phú Quốc (known as Koh Tral) are found in royal documents dated 1615[citation needed], however no one has offered compelling evidence that Khmers have ever had a substantial presence there, or that a state exercised authority. For many Khmers the case of Koh Tral is one of history imagined rather than remembered.[12]

Around 1680, under the patronage of a Cambodian king, Chinese merchant and explorer Mạc Cửu founded Hà Tiên, including one village on Phú Quốc.

Mạc Cửu later switched allegiance to the Nguyễn lords and recognized the authority of the Vietnamese sovereign.[12][13] He sent a tribute mission to the Nguyễn court in 1708, and in return received the title of Tong Binh of Hà Tiên[14] and the noble title Marquess Cửu Ngọc (Vietnamese: Cửu Ngọc hầu)

Mạc Cửu died in 1736, his son Mạc Thiên Tứ (Mo Shilin) succeeded. A Cambodian army invaded Hà Tiên in 1739 but was utterly defeated. From then on, Cambodia did not try to resume Hà Tiên, Hà Tiên enjoyed full independence from Cambodia thereafter.[15]

Mạc Thiên Tứ’s reign saw the golden age of Hà Tiên. In 1758, Hà Tiên established Outey II as puppet king of Cambodia. After War of the second fall of Ayutthaya, Mạc Thiên Tứ tried to install Prince Chao Chui (เจ้าจุ้ย, Chiêu Thúy in Vietnamese) as the new Siamese king, but was defeated by Taksin.[16] Hà Tiên was completely devastated by Siamese troops in 1771, Mạc Thiên Tứ had flee to Trấn Giang (modern Cần Thơ). In there, he was sheltered by Nguyễn lord. Two years later, Siamese army withdrew from Hà Tiên, and Mạc Thiên Tứ retook his principality.[16]

The French missionary Pigneau de Behaine used the island as a base during the 1760s and 1780s to shelter Nguyễn Ánh, who was hunted by the Tây Sơn army.[17] Descriptions of this mission make reference to the local Vietnamese population of the island but not the Khmer.[12]

The British envoy John Crawfurd en route to Siam from Singapore in 1822 made a stop at Phú Quốc which he transcribed as Phu-kok in March. His entry is as follows:

The place which we had now visited is called by the Cochinchinese, Phu-kok, and by the Siamese Koh-dud… In the Kambojan language it is called Koh-trol… It is the largest island on the east coast of the Gulf of Siam, being by our reckoning not less than thirty-four miles in length. It is commonly bold high land, the highest hills rising to seven or eight hundred feet. A few spots here and there on the coasts only are inhabited, -the rest being, as usual, covered with a great forest, which we were told, contained abundance of deer, hogs, wild buffaloes, and oxen, but no leopards or tigers… The inhabitants of Phu-kok were described to us as amounting to four to five thousand, all of the true Cochinchinese race, with the exception of a few occasional Chinese sojourners. They grow no species of corn and their husbandry is confined to a few coarse fruits and esculent green vegetables and farinaceous roots…»[18]

Western records in 1856 again mentioned the island: «… King Ang Duong (of Cambodia) apprize Mr. de Montigny, French envoy in visit to Bangkok, through the intermediary of Bishop Miche, his intention to yield Phú Quốc to France.»[19] Such a proposition aimed to create a military alliance with France to avoid the threat of Vietnam on Cambodia. The proposal did not receive an answer from the French.[20] An 1856 publication by The Nautical Magazine describes Phú Quốc to still be part of Cambodia even though it was occupied by the Cochinchinese. The quote from the publication is:

The whole of the island is thickly wooded, and only the shore parts appear to be inhabited, principally by Cochinchinese, for although in the empire of Cambodia it has been seized upon by the unscrupulous inhabitants of Cancao.»[21]

While the war between Vietnam and France was about to begin, Ang Duong sent another letter, dated November 25, 1856, to Napoleon III to warn him on Cambodian claims on the lower Cochinchina region: the Cambodian king listed provinces and islands, including Phú Quốc, as being parts of Vietnam for several years or decades (in the case of Saigon some 200 years). Ang Duong asked the French emperor to not annex any part of these territories because, as he wrote, despite this relatively long Vietnamese rule, they remained Cambodian lands. In 1867, Phú Quốc’s Vietnamese authorities pledged allegiance to French troops just conquering Hà Tiên.

In 1939, for administrative purposes, Governor General of French Indochina, Jules Brévié, drew a line demarcating maritime boundary between Cambodia and Cochinchina; and Phú Quốc remained under Cochinchina administration. After the Geneva Accords, in 1954, Cochinchina’s sovereignty was handed over to Vietnam.[22]

After mainland China fell under the control of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949, General Huang Chieh moved 33,000+ Republic of China Army soldiers mostly from Hunan Province to Vietnam and they were interned on Phú Quốc. Later, the army moved to Taiwan in June 1953.[23]

In 1967, the Vietnamese and Cambodian government accepted the «Brévié Line» as the maritime border. Later on, Sihanouk renewed his claim on Koh Tral. The Vietnamese also abandoned their previous acceptance of the Brevie Line.[12]

From 1953 to 1975, the island housed South Vietnam’s largest prisoner camp (40,000 in 1973), known as Phú Quốc Prison.[24]

On May 1, 1975, a squad of Khmer Rouge soldiers raided and took Phú Quốc, but Vietnam soon recaptured it. This was to be the first of a series of incursions and counter-incursions that would escalate to the Cambodian–Vietnamese War in 1979. Cambodia dropped its claims to Phú Quốc in 1976.[25] But the bone of contention involving the island between the governments of the two countries continued, as both have a historical claim to it and the surrounding waters. A July 1982 agreement between Vietnam and The People’s Republic of Kampuchea ostensibly settled the dispute; however, the island is still the object of irredentist sentiments.[26]

In 1999 the Cambodian representative to the Vietnam-Cambodia Joint Border Commission affirmed the state’s acceptance of the Brevie Line and Vietnamese sovereignty over Phú Quốc, a position reported to and accepted by the National Assembly.[12]

Climate[edit]

The island’s monsoonal sub-equatorial climate is characterized by distinct rainy (April to November) and dry seasons (December to March). As is common in regions with this climate type, there is some rain even in the dry season. The annual rainfall is high, averaging 3,029 mm (9.938 ft). In the northern mountains up to 4,000 mm (13 ft) has been recorded. April and May are the hottest months, with temperatures reaching 35 °C (95 °F).

Climate data for Duong Dong Airport, Phu Quoc
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.1
(95.2) 		35.3
(95.5) 		38.1
(100.6) 		37.5
(99.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		33.7
(92.7) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.3
(91.9) 		34.5
(94.1) 		33.2
(91.8) 		34.6
(94.3) 		38.1
(100.6)
Average high °C (°F) 30.4
(86.7) 		31.1
(88.0) 		32.1
(89.8) 		32.3
(90.1) 		31.4
(88.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.3
(86.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.5
(86.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.6
(78.1) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.6
(81.7) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.0
(78.8) 		27.1
(80.8)
Average low °C (°F) 22.5
(72.5) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		24.9
(76.8) 		24.7
(76.5) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		24.4
(75.9)
Record low °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		16.0
(60.8) 		18.5
(65.3) 		21.0
(69.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.6
(70.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		20.8
(69.4) 		16.0
(60.8) 		17.1
(62.8) 		16.0
(60.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 34
(1.3) 		29
(1.1) 		54
(2.1) 		149
(5.9) 		298
(11.7) 		413
(16.3) 		418
(16.5) 		546
(21.5) 		473
(18.6) 		387
(15.2) 		169
(6.7) 		59
(2.3) 		3,029
(119.3)
Average precipitation days 5.3 3.9 5.7 11.5 19.5 21.8 22.5 24.4 22.5 21.6 13.3 6.2 178.3
Average relative humidity (%) 76.3 77.6 77.6 80.5 83.8 85.8 86.6 87.1 88.0 86.9 79.6 73.9 82.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 251 230 255 246 196 146 151 134 139 168 208 242 2,364
Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[27]

Protections[edit]

Phú Quốc has both a terrestrial national park and a marine protection.

Phú Quốc National Park was established in 2001 as an upgrade of a former conservation zone. The park covers 336.57 km2 (129.95 sq mi) of the northern part of the island.[28][29]

Phú Quốc Marine Protected Area, or just Phú Quốc MPA, was established in 2007 at the northern and southern end of the island and covers 187 km2 (72 sq mi) of marine area. The sea around Phú Quốc is one of the richest fishing grounds in all of Vietnam, and the aim of the protected area is to secure coral reef zones, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests, all key spawning and nursery grounds for aquatic species, including blue swimming crabs. Among the aquatic animals in the protected area are green turtle, leather back turtles, dolphin and dugong.[30][31]

Plastic waste is a growing problem in Phú Quốc, and the local community has organized clean-up efforts.[32]

Gallery[edit]

  • Suối Tranh Cascades

    Suối Tranh Cascades

  • Phú Quốc's sandy beaches

    Phú Quốc’s sandy beaches

  • Fishermen's village

    Fishermen’s village

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Shellfish for sale by the roadside

    Shellfish for sale by the roadside

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

    Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

  • A beach in Phú Quốc

    A beach in Phú Quốc

  • A bridge on Dương Đông river

    A bridge on Dương Đông river

  • Dương Đông river's mouth

    Dương Đông river’s mouth

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Dương Đông market

    Dương Đông market

  • Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

    Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

  • Sùng Hưng pagoda

    Sùng Hưng pagoda

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Dương Đông river

    Dương Đông river

  • Nguyễn Trung Trực's temple

    Nguyễn Trung Trực’s temple

See also[edit]

  • Hà Tiên Islands

References[edit]

  1. ^ «Phú Quốc chính thức là thành phố đảo đầu tiên của Việt Nam». December 9, 2020.
  2. ^ «Visa no longer needed to enter Phú Quốc by sea». Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved 2014-05-09.
  3. ^ vietnamnet.vn. «Phu Quoc giving free 30-day visas — News VietNamNet».
  4. ^ «Biển đảo Việt Nam — Tài nguyên vị thế và những kỳ quan địa chất, sinh thái tiêu biểu (Vietnamese sea and islands – position resources, and typical geological and ecological wonders)».
  5. ^ Wan, Julie (21 April 2010). «The best of Vietnamese fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc». Washington Post. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  6. ^ «Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  7. ^ Tran, Ngoc. «Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  8. ^ «Vietnam Airlines capitalises on new Phu Quoc airport». Voice of Vietnam. 2012-12-03. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  9. ^ «About Us.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010. «Headquarters: Hamlet 3, Village 7, An Thoi Town, Phu Quoc Island, Kiên Giang Province, Vietnam…»
  10. ^ «Website usage terms and conditions Archived 2011-09-03 at the Wayback Machine.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010
  11. ^ «Phu Quoc Island Vietnam Official Travel Guide — 2017 — 2018».
  12. ^ a b c d e «Cambodia’s Impossible Dream: Koh Tral». The Diplomat. June 17, 2014.
  13. ^ Coedes, George (1966), The making of South East Asia, University of California Press, p. 213, ISBN 978-0-520-05061-7
  14. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–44, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  15. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–46, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  16. ^ a b Dai, Kelai; Yang, Baoyun (1991), Ling nan zhi guai deng shi liao san zhong (in Chinese), Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou gu ji chu ban she, pp. 313–319, ISBN 7534802032
  17. ^ Nick Ray, Wendy Yanagihara. Vietnam. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.445
  18. ^ Crawfurd, John. Journal of an Embassy to the Courts of Siam and Cochinchina. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1967. p64-5
  19. ^ «Le Second Empire en Indo-Chine (Siam-Cambodge-Annam): l’ouverture de Siam au commerce et la convention du Cambodge”, Charles Meyniard, 1891, Bibliothèque générale de géographie
  20. ^ «La Politique coloniale de la France au début du second Empire (Indo-Chine, 1852-1858)», Henri Cordier, 1911, Ed. E.J. Brill
  21. ^ Remarks on the East Side of the Gulf of Siam. (1856). In The Nautical Magazine: A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs (p. 693). Brown, Son and Ferguson.
  22. ^ Polomka, Peter. Ocean Politics in Southeast Asia. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.20
  23. ^ 2009年03月31日, 抗日名将黄杰与最后一支离开大陆的国民党部队, 凤凰资讯. There is currently a small island in Kaohsiung, Taiwan’s Chengcing Lake that was constructed in November 1955 and named Phú Quốc Island in memory of the Nationalist Chinese loyal soldiers who was detained from 1949-1953.
  24. ^ Ngo Cong Duc, deputy of the Vinh Binh province, quoted in «Le régime de Nguyen Van Thieu à travers l’épreuve», Etude Vietnamienne, 1974, pp. 99–131
  25. ^ Hanns Jürgen Buchholz. Law of the Sea Zones in the Pacific Ocean. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.41
  26. ^ Amer, Ramses. 2002. Claims and Conflict Situations in «War or Peace in the South China Sea?» edited by Timo Kivimaki. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS), Copenhagen, Denmark
  27. ^ «Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction» (PDF) (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  28. ^ «National parks — Discover Phu Quoc — island paradise in the Gulf of Thailand, secluded and beautiful beaches, resorts and hotels on Phu Quoc island, Vietnam…» discoverphuquoc.com.
  29. ^ «Phu Quoc National Park — One of The Best Nature Wonders in Phu Quoc». November 8, 2019.
  30. ^ «Phu Quoc in Viet Nam».
  31. ^ Vietnam Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness Evaluation (2015)
  32. ^ Community cleanup efforts and local government commitment underway to tackle the mounting plastic waste issue on Phu Quoc Island

External links[edit]

Источник

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Phú Quốc

Thành phố Phú Quốc

Provincial city (Vietnam)
Phú Quốc City
Phu Quoc island

Phu Quoc island

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is located in Vietnam

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc
Coordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°ECoordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°E
Country  Vietnam
Province Kiên Giang
Area
 • Total 589.27 km2 (227.52 sq mi)
Population
 • Total 179,480
 • Density 305/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+7 (ICT)
Calling code 855
Website phuquoc.kiengiang.gov.vn

Bãi Sao beach on Phú Quốc island

Phú Quốc (Vietnamese: [fǔ kǔə̯k]) is the largest island in Vietnam. Phú Quốc and nearby islands, along with the distant Thổ Chu Islands, are part of Kiên Giang Province as Phú Quốc City, the island has a total area of 574 km2 (222 sq mi) and a permanent population of approximately 179,480 people.[1] Located in the Gulf of Thailand, the island city of Phú Quốc includes the island proper and 21 smaller islets. Dương Đông ward is located on the west coast, and is also the administrative and largest town on the island. The other ward is An Thới on the southern tip of the island.

Its primary industries are fishing, agriculture, and a fast-growing tourism sector. Phú Quốc has achieved fast economic growth due to its current tourism boom. Many infrastructure projects have been carried out, including several five-star hotels and resorts. Phú Quốc International Airport is the hub connecting Phú Quốc with mainland Vietnam and other international destinations.

From March 2014, Vietnam allowed all foreign tourists to visit Phú Quốc visa-free for a period of up to 30 days.[2][3] By 2017, the government of Vietnam planned to set up a Special Administrative Region which covered Phú Quốc Island and peripheral islets and upgrade it to a provincial city with special administration.

The historical Phú Quốc Prison was based here; the prison was built by French colonialists to detain captured Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers.

Geography[edit]

Phú Quốc lies south of the Cambodian coast, south of Kampot, and 40 kilometres (22 nmi) west of Hà Tiên, the nearest coastal town in Vietnam. Roughly triangular in shape the island is 50 kilometres (31 mi) long from north to south and 25 kilometres (16 mi) from east to west at its widest. It is also located 17 nautical miles (31 km) from Kampot, 62 nautical miles (115 km) from Rạch Giá and nearly 290 nautical miles (540 km) from Laem Chabang, Thailand.
A mountainous ridge known as «99 Peaks» runs the length of Phú Quốc, with Chúa Mountain being the tallest at 603 metres (1,978 ft).

Phú Quốc Island is mainly composed of sedimentary rocks from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic age, including heterogeneous conglomerate composition, layering thick, quartz pebbles, silica, limestone, rhyolite and felsite. The Mesozoic rocks are classified in Phú Quốc Formation (K pq). The Cenozoic sediments are classified in formations of Long Toàn (middle — upper Pleistocene), Long Mỹ (upper Pleistocene), Hậu Giang (lower — middle Holocene), upper Holocene sediments, and undivided Quaternary (Q).[4]

Administrative units[edit]

The city of Phú Quốc is officially divided into nine commune-level sub-divisions, including two urban wards (Dương Đông, An Thới) and seven rural communes (Bãi Thơm, Cửa Cạn, Cửa Dương, Dương Tơ, Gành Dầu, Hàm Ninh, Thổ Châu).

Economy[edit]

Fishing has historically been the dominant industry in Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is famous for its two traditional products: fish sauce and black pepper. The rich fishing grounds offshore provides the anchovy catch from which the prized sauce is made. As widely agreed among the Vietnamese people, the best fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc. The island name is very coveted and abused in the fish sauce industry that local producers have been fighting for the protection of its appellation of origin.[5]
Pepper is cultivated everywhere on the island, especially at Gành Dầu and Cửa Dương communes.[6]
The pearl farming activity began more than 20 years ago when Australian and Japanese experts arrived to develop the industry with advanced technology. Some Vietnamese pearl farms were established at that time including Quốc An.[7]

Tourism plays an important role in the economy, with the beaches being the main attraction. Phú Quốc was served by Phú Quốc Airport with air links to Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Hanoi (Noi Bai International Airport), Rạch Giá (Rạch Giá Airport) and Can Tho (Can Tho International Airport). Phú Quốc Airport was closed and replaced by the new Phú Quốc International Airport from December 2, 2012.[8] Phú Quốc is also linked with Rạch Giá and Hà Tiên by fast ferry hydrofoils.[citation needed]

Air Mekong used to have its headquarters in An Thới.[9][10]

Many domestic and international projects related to tourism have been carried out, including the latest direct flights from Bangkok to Phú Quốc by Bangkok Airways, which could make Phú Quốc a new tourist hub in Southeast Asia.

With the combination of Vinpearl Phú Quốc Resorts and the opening of the new Vinmec Phú Quốc International Hospital in June 2015, Phú Quốc will add an additional source of revenue to the local economy in terms of medical services, medical tourism, and medical education.[11]

History[edit]

[icon]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2022)

In the area of Dương Đông town market

The earliest Cambodian references to Phú Quốc (known as Koh Tral) are found in royal documents dated 1615[citation needed], however no one has offered compelling evidence that Khmers have ever had a substantial presence there, or that a state exercised authority. For many Khmers the case of Koh Tral is one of history imagined rather than remembered.[12]

Around 1680, under the patronage of a Cambodian king, Chinese merchant and explorer Mạc Cửu founded Hà Tiên, including one village on Phú Quốc.

Mạc Cửu later switched allegiance to the Nguyễn lords and recognized the authority of the Vietnamese sovereign.[12][13] He sent a tribute mission to the Nguyễn court in 1708, and in return received the title of Tong Binh of Hà Tiên[14] and the noble title Marquess Cửu Ngọc (Vietnamese: Cửu Ngọc hầu)

Mạc Cửu died in 1736, his son Mạc Thiên Tứ (Mo Shilin) succeeded. A Cambodian army invaded Hà Tiên in 1739 but was utterly defeated. From then on, Cambodia did not try to resume Hà Tiên, Hà Tiên enjoyed full independence from Cambodia thereafter.[15]

Mạc Thiên Tứ’s reign saw the golden age of Hà Tiên. In 1758, Hà Tiên established Outey II as puppet king of Cambodia. After War of the second fall of Ayutthaya, Mạc Thiên Tứ tried to install Prince Chao Chui (เจ้าจุ้ย, Chiêu Thúy in Vietnamese) as the new Siamese king, but was defeated by Taksin.[16] Hà Tiên was completely devastated by Siamese troops in 1771, Mạc Thiên Tứ had flee to Trấn Giang (modern Cần Thơ). In there, he was sheltered by Nguyễn lord. Two years later, Siamese army withdrew from Hà Tiên, and Mạc Thiên Tứ retook his principality.[16]

The French missionary Pigneau de Behaine used the island as a base during the 1760s and 1780s to shelter Nguyễn Ánh, who was hunted by the Tây Sơn army.[17] Descriptions of this mission make reference to the local Vietnamese population of the island but not the Khmer.[12]

The British envoy John Crawfurd en route to Siam from Singapore in 1822 made a stop at Phú Quốc which he transcribed as Phu-kok in March. His entry is as follows:

The place which we had now visited is called by the Cochinchinese, Phu-kok, and by the Siamese Koh-dud… In the Kambojan language it is called Koh-trol… It is the largest island on the east coast of the Gulf of Siam, being by our reckoning not less than thirty-four miles in length. It is commonly bold high land, the highest hills rising to seven or eight hundred feet. A few spots here and there on the coasts only are inhabited, -the rest being, as usual, covered with a great forest, which we were told, contained abundance of deer, hogs, wild buffaloes, and oxen, but no leopards or tigers… The inhabitants of Phu-kok were described to us as amounting to four to five thousand, all of the true Cochinchinese race, with the exception of a few occasional Chinese sojourners. They grow no species of corn and their husbandry is confined to a few coarse fruits and esculent green vegetables and farinaceous roots…»[18]

Western records in 1856 again mentioned the island: «… King Ang Duong (of Cambodia) apprize Mr. de Montigny, French envoy in visit to Bangkok, through the intermediary of Bishop Miche, his intention to yield Phú Quốc to France.»[19] Such a proposition aimed to create a military alliance with France to avoid the threat of Vietnam on Cambodia. The proposal did not receive an answer from the French.[20] An 1856 publication by The Nautical Magazine describes Phú Quốc to still be part of Cambodia even though it was occupied by the Cochinchinese. The quote from the publication is:

The whole of the island is thickly wooded, and only the shore parts appear to be inhabited, principally by Cochinchinese, for although in the empire of Cambodia it has been seized upon by the unscrupulous inhabitants of Cancao.»[21]

While the war between Vietnam and France was about to begin, Ang Duong sent another letter, dated November 25, 1856, to Napoleon III to warn him on Cambodian claims on the lower Cochinchina region: the Cambodian king listed provinces and islands, including Phú Quốc, as being parts of Vietnam for several years or decades (in the case of Saigon some 200 years). Ang Duong asked the French emperor to not annex any part of these territories because, as he wrote, despite this relatively long Vietnamese rule, they remained Cambodian lands. In 1867, Phú Quốc’s Vietnamese authorities pledged allegiance to French troops just conquering Hà Tiên.

In 1939, for administrative purposes, Governor General of French Indochina, Jules Brévié, drew a line demarcating maritime boundary between Cambodia and Cochinchina; and Phú Quốc remained under Cochinchina administration. After the Geneva Accords, in 1954, Cochinchina’s sovereignty was handed over to Vietnam.[22]

After mainland China fell under the control of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949, General Huang Chieh moved 33,000+ Republic of China Army soldiers mostly from Hunan Province to Vietnam and they were interned on Phú Quốc. Later, the army moved to Taiwan in June 1953.[23]

In 1967, the Vietnamese and Cambodian government accepted the «Brévié Line» as the maritime border. Later on, Sihanouk renewed his claim on Koh Tral. The Vietnamese also abandoned their previous acceptance of the Brevie Line.[12]

From 1953 to 1975, the island housed South Vietnam’s largest prisoner camp (40,000 in 1973), known as Phú Quốc Prison.[24]

On May 1, 1975, a squad of Khmer Rouge soldiers raided and took Phú Quốc, but Vietnam soon recaptured it. This was to be the first of a series of incursions and counter-incursions that would escalate to the Cambodian–Vietnamese War in 1979. Cambodia dropped its claims to Phú Quốc in 1976.[25] But the bone of contention involving the island between the governments of the two countries continued, as both have a historical claim to it and the surrounding waters. A July 1982 agreement between Vietnam and The People’s Republic of Kampuchea ostensibly settled the dispute; however, the island is still the object of irredentist sentiments.[26]

In 1999 the Cambodian representative to the Vietnam-Cambodia Joint Border Commission affirmed the state’s acceptance of the Brevie Line and Vietnamese sovereignty over Phú Quốc, a position reported to and accepted by the National Assembly.[12]

Climate[edit]

The island’s monsoonal sub-equatorial climate is characterized by distinct rainy (April to November) and dry seasons (December to March). As is common in regions with this climate type, there is some rain even in the dry season. The annual rainfall is high, averaging 3,029 mm (9.938 ft). In the northern mountains up to 4,000 mm (13 ft) has been recorded. April and May are the hottest months, with temperatures reaching 35 °C (95 °F).

Climate data for Duong Dong Airport, Phu Quoc
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.1
(95.2) 		35.3
(95.5) 		38.1
(100.6) 		37.5
(99.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		33.7
(92.7) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.3
(91.9) 		34.5
(94.1) 		33.2
(91.8) 		34.6
(94.3) 		38.1
(100.6)
Average high °C (°F) 30.4
(86.7) 		31.1
(88.0) 		32.1
(89.8) 		32.3
(90.1) 		31.4
(88.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.3
(86.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.5
(86.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.6
(78.1) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.6
(81.7) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.0
(78.8) 		27.1
(80.8)
Average low °C (°F) 22.5
(72.5) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		24.9
(76.8) 		24.7
(76.5) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		24.4
(75.9)
Record low °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		16.0
(60.8) 		18.5
(65.3) 		21.0
(69.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.6
(70.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		20.8
(69.4) 		16.0
(60.8) 		17.1
(62.8) 		16.0
(60.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 34
(1.3) 		29
(1.1) 		54
(2.1) 		149
(5.9) 		298
(11.7) 		413
(16.3) 		418
(16.5) 		546
(21.5) 		473
(18.6) 		387
(15.2) 		169
(6.7) 		59
(2.3) 		3,029
(119.3)
Average precipitation days 5.3 3.9 5.7 11.5 19.5 21.8 22.5 24.4 22.5 21.6 13.3 6.2 178.3
Average relative humidity (%) 76.3 77.6 77.6 80.5 83.8 85.8 86.6 87.1 88.0 86.9 79.6 73.9 82.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 251 230 255 246 196 146 151 134 139 168 208 242 2,364
Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[27]

Protections[edit]

Phú Quốc has both a terrestrial national park and a marine protection.

Phú Quốc National Park was established in 2001 as an upgrade of a former conservation zone. The park covers 336.57 km2 (129.95 sq mi) of the northern part of the island.[28][29]

Phú Quốc Marine Protected Area, or just Phú Quốc MPA, was established in 2007 at the northern and southern end of the island and covers 187 km2 (72 sq mi) of marine area. The sea around Phú Quốc is one of the richest fishing grounds in all of Vietnam, and the aim of the protected area is to secure coral reef zones, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests, all key spawning and nursery grounds for aquatic species, including blue swimming crabs. Among the aquatic animals in the protected area are green turtle, leather back turtles, dolphin and dugong.[30][31]

Plastic waste is a growing problem in Phú Quốc, and the local community has organized clean-up efforts.[32]

Gallery[edit]

  • Suối Tranh Cascades

    Suối Tranh Cascades

  • Phú Quốc's sandy beaches

    Phú Quốc’s sandy beaches

  • Fishermen's village

    Fishermen’s village

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Shellfish for sale by the roadside

    Shellfish for sale by the roadside

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

    Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

  • A beach in Phú Quốc

    A beach in Phú Quốc

  • A bridge on Dương Đông river

    A bridge on Dương Đông river

  • Dương Đông river's mouth

    Dương Đông river’s mouth

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Dương Đông market

    Dương Đông market

  • Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

    Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

  • Sùng Hưng pagoda

    Sùng Hưng pagoda

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Dương Đông river

    Dương Đông river

  • Nguyễn Trung Trực's temple

    Nguyễn Trung Trực’s temple

See also[edit]

  • Hà Tiên Islands

References[edit]

  1. ^ «Phú Quốc chính thức là thành phố đảo đầu tiên của Việt Nam». December 9, 2020.
  2. ^ «Visa no longer needed to enter Phú Quốc by sea». Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved 2014-05-09.
  3. ^ vietnamnet.vn. «Phu Quoc giving free 30-day visas — News VietNamNet».
  4. ^ «Biển đảo Việt Nam — Tài nguyên vị thế và những kỳ quan địa chất, sinh thái tiêu biểu (Vietnamese sea and islands – position resources, and typical geological and ecological wonders)».
  5. ^ Wan, Julie (21 April 2010). «The best of Vietnamese fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc». Washington Post. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  6. ^ «Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  7. ^ Tran, Ngoc. «Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  8. ^ «Vietnam Airlines capitalises on new Phu Quoc airport». Voice of Vietnam. 2012-12-03. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  9. ^ «About Us.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010. «Headquarters: Hamlet 3, Village 7, An Thoi Town, Phu Quoc Island, Kiên Giang Province, Vietnam…»
  10. ^ «Website usage terms and conditions Archived 2011-09-03 at the Wayback Machine.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010
  11. ^ «Phu Quoc Island Vietnam Official Travel Guide — 2017 — 2018».
  12. ^ a b c d e «Cambodia’s Impossible Dream: Koh Tral». The Diplomat. June 17, 2014.
  13. ^ Coedes, George (1966), The making of South East Asia, University of California Press, p. 213, ISBN 978-0-520-05061-7
  14. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–44, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  15. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–46, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  16. ^ a b Dai, Kelai; Yang, Baoyun (1991), Ling nan zhi guai deng shi liao san zhong (in Chinese), Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou gu ji chu ban she, pp. 313–319, ISBN 7534802032
  17. ^ Nick Ray, Wendy Yanagihara. Vietnam. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.445
  18. ^ Crawfurd, John. Journal of an Embassy to the Courts of Siam and Cochinchina. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1967. p64-5
  19. ^ «Le Second Empire en Indo-Chine (Siam-Cambodge-Annam): l’ouverture de Siam au commerce et la convention du Cambodge”, Charles Meyniard, 1891, Bibliothèque générale de géographie
  20. ^ «La Politique coloniale de la France au début du second Empire (Indo-Chine, 1852-1858)», Henri Cordier, 1911, Ed. E.J. Brill
  21. ^ Remarks on the East Side of the Gulf of Siam. (1856). In The Nautical Magazine: A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs (p. 693). Brown, Son and Ferguson.
  22. ^ Polomka, Peter. Ocean Politics in Southeast Asia. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.20
  23. ^ 2009年03月31日, 抗日名将黄杰与最后一支离开大陆的国民党部队, 凤凰资讯. There is currently a small island in Kaohsiung, Taiwan’s Chengcing Lake that was constructed in November 1955 and named Phú Quốc Island in memory of the Nationalist Chinese loyal soldiers who was detained from 1949-1953.
  24. ^ Ngo Cong Duc, deputy of the Vinh Binh province, quoted in «Le régime de Nguyen Van Thieu à travers l’épreuve», Etude Vietnamienne, 1974, pp. 99–131
  25. ^ Hanns Jürgen Buchholz. Law of the Sea Zones in the Pacific Ocean. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.41
  26. ^ Amer, Ramses. 2002. Claims and Conflict Situations in «War or Peace in the South China Sea?» edited by Timo Kivimaki. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS), Copenhagen, Denmark
  27. ^ «Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction» (PDF) (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  28. ^ «National parks — Discover Phu Quoc — island paradise in the Gulf of Thailand, secluded and beautiful beaches, resorts and hotels on Phu Quoc island, Vietnam…» discoverphuquoc.com.
  29. ^ «Phu Quoc National Park — One of The Best Nature Wonders in Phu Quoc». November 8, 2019.
  30. ^ «Phu Quoc in Viet Nam».
  31. ^ Vietnam Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness Evaluation (2015)
  32. ^ Community cleanup efforts and local government commitment underway to tackle the mounting plastic waste issue on Phu Quoc Island

External links[edit]

Источник

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Phú Quốc

Thành phố Phú Quốc

Provincial city (Vietnam)
Phú Quốc City
Phu Quoc island

Phu Quoc island

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is located in Vietnam

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc
Coordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°ECoordinates: VN 10°14′N 103°57′E / 10.233°N 103.950°E
Country  Vietnam
Province Kiên Giang
Area
 • Total 589.27 km2 (227.52 sq mi)
Population
 • Total 179,480
 • Density 305/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+7 (ICT)
Calling code 855
Website phuquoc.kiengiang.gov.vn

Bãi Sao beach on Phú Quốc island

Phú Quốc (Vietnamese: [fǔ kǔə̯k]) is the largest island in Vietnam. Phú Quốc and nearby islands, along with the distant Thổ Chu Islands, are part of Kiên Giang Province as Phú Quốc City, the island has a total area of 574 km2 (222 sq mi) and a permanent population of approximately 179,480 people.[1] Located in the Gulf of Thailand, the island city of Phú Quốc includes the island proper and 21 smaller islets. Dương Đông ward is located on the west coast, and is also the administrative and largest town on the island. The other ward is An Thới on the southern tip of the island.

Its primary industries are fishing, agriculture, and a fast-growing tourism sector. Phú Quốc has achieved fast economic growth due to its current tourism boom. Many infrastructure projects have been carried out, including several five-star hotels and resorts. Phú Quốc International Airport is the hub connecting Phú Quốc with mainland Vietnam and other international destinations.

From March 2014, Vietnam allowed all foreign tourists to visit Phú Quốc visa-free for a period of up to 30 days.[2][3] By 2017, the government of Vietnam planned to set up a Special Administrative Region which covered Phú Quốc Island and peripheral islets and upgrade it to a provincial city with special administration.

The historical Phú Quốc Prison was based here; the prison was built by French colonialists to detain captured Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers.

Geography[edit]

Phú Quốc lies south of the Cambodian coast, south of Kampot, and 40 kilometres (22 nmi) west of Hà Tiên, the nearest coastal town in Vietnam. Roughly triangular in shape the island is 50 kilometres (31 mi) long from north to south and 25 kilometres (16 mi) from east to west at its widest. It is also located 17 nautical miles (31 km) from Kampot, 62 nautical miles (115 km) from Rạch Giá and nearly 290 nautical miles (540 km) from Laem Chabang, Thailand.
A mountainous ridge known as «99 Peaks» runs the length of Phú Quốc, with Chúa Mountain being the tallest at 603 metres (1,978 ft).

Phú Quốc Island is mainly composed of sedimentary rocks from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic age, including heterogeneous conglomerate composition, layering thick, quartz pebbles, silica, limestone, rhyolite and felsite. The Mesozoic rocks are classified in Phú Quốc Formation (K pq). The Cenozoic sediments are classified in formations of Long Toàn (middle — upper Pleistocene), Long Mỹ (upper Pleistocene), Hậu Giang (lower — middle Holocene), upper Holocene sediments, and undivided Quaternary (Q).[4]

Administrative units[edit]

The city of Phú Quốc is officially divided into nine commune-level sub-divisions, including two urban wards (Dương Đông, An Thới) and seven rural communes (Bãi Thơm, Cửa Cạn, Cửa Dương, Dương Tơ, Gành Dầu, Hàm Ninh, Thổ Châu).

Economy[edit]

Fishing has historically been the dominant industry in Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc is famous for its two traditional products: fish sauce and black pepper. The rich fishing grounds offshore provides the anchovy catch from which the prized sauce is made. As widely agreed among the Vietnamese people, the best fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc. The island name is very coveted and abused in the fish sauce industry that local producers have been fighting for the protection of its appellation of origin.[5]
Pepper is cultivated everywhere on the island, especially at Gành Dầu and Cửa Dương communes.[6]
The pearl farming activity began more than 20 years ago when Australian and Japanese experts arrived to develop the industry with advanced technology. Some Vietnamese pearl farms were established at that time including Quốc An.[7]

Tourism plays an important role in the economy, with the beaches being the main attraction. Phú Quốc was served by Phú Quốc Airport with air links to Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Hanoi (Noi Bai International Airport), Rạch Giá (Rạch Giá Airport) and Can Tho (Can Tho International Airport). Phú Quốc Airport was closed and replaced by the new Phú Quốc International Airport from December 2, 2012.[8] Phú Quốc is also linked with Rạch Giá and Hà Tiên by fast ferry hydrofoils.[citation needed]

Air Mekong used to have its headquarters in An Thới.[9][10]

Many domestic and international projects related to tourism have been carried out, including the latest direct flights from Bangkok to Phú Quốc by Bangkok Airways, which could make Phú Quốc a new tourist hub in Southeast Asia.

With the combination of Vinpearl Phú Quốc Resorts and the opening of the new Vinmec Phú Quốc International Hospital in June 2015, Phú Quốc will add an additional source of revenue to the local economy in terms of medical services, medical tourism, and medical education.[11]

History[edit]

[icon]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2022)

In the area of Dương Đông town market

The earliest Cambodian references to Phú Quốc (known as Koh Tral) are found in royal documents dated 1615[citation needed], however no one has offered compelling evidence that Khmers have ever had a substantial presence there, or that a state exercised authority. For many Khmers the case of Koh Tral is one of history imagined rather than remembered.[12]

Around 1680, under the patronage of a Cambodian king, Chinese merchant and explorer Mạc Cửu founded Hà Tiên, including one village on Phú Quốc.

Mạc Cửu later switched allegiance to the Nguyễn lords and recognized the authority of the Vietnamese sovereign.[12][13] He sent a tribute mission to the Nguyễn court in 1708, and in return received the title of Tong Binh of Hà Tiên[14] and the noble title Marquess Cửu Ngọc (Vietnamese: Cửu Ngọc hầu)

Mạc Cửu died in 1736, his son Mạc Thiên Tứ (Mo Shilin) succeeded. A Cambodian army invaded Hà Tiên in 1739 but was utterly defeated. From then on, Cambodia did not try to resume Hà Tiên, Hà Tiên enjoyed full independence from Cambodia thereafter.[15]

Mạc Thiên Tứ’s reign saw the golden age of Hà Tiên. In 1758, Hà Tiên established Outey II as puppet king of Cambodia. After War of the second fall of Ayutthaya, Mạc Thiên Tứ tried to install Prince Chao Chui (เจ้าจุ้ย, Chiêu Thúy in Vietnamese) as the new Siamese king, but was defeated by Taksin.[16] Hà Tiên was completely devastated by Siamese troops in 1771, Mạc Thiên Tứ had flee to Trấn Giang (modern Cần Thơ). In there, he was sheltered by Nguyễn lord. Two years later, Siamese army withdrew from Hà Tiên, and Mạc Thiên Tứ retook his principality.[16]

The French missionary Pigneau de Behaine used the island as a base during the 1760s and 1780s to shelter Nguyễn Ánh, who was hunted by the Tây Sơn army.[17] Descriptions of this mission make reference to the local Vietnamese population of the island but not the Khmer.[12]

The British envoy John Crawfurd en route to Siam from Singapore in 1822 made a stop at Phú Quốc which he transcribed as Phu-kok in March. His entry is as follows:

The place which we had now visited is called by the Cochinchinese, Phu-kok, and by the Siamese Koh-dud… In the Kambojan language it is called Koh-trol… It is the largest island on the east coast of the Gulf of Siam, being by our reckoning not less than thirty-four miles in length. It is commonly bold high land, the highest hills rising to seven or eight hundred feet. A few spots here and there on the coasts only are inhabited, -the rest being, as usual, covered with a great forest, which we were told, contained abundance of deer, hogs, wild buffaloes, and oxen, but no leopards or tigers… The inhabitants of Phu-kok were described to us as amounting to four to five thousand, all of the true Cochinchinese race, with the exception of a few occasional Chinese sojourners. They grow no species of corn and their husbandry is confined to a few coarse fruits and esculent green vegetables and farinaceous roots…»[18]

Western records in 1856 again mentioned the island: «… King Ang Duong (of Cambodia) apprize Mr. de Montigny, French envoy in visit to Bangkok, through the intermediary of Bishop Miche, his intention to yield Phú Quốc to France.»[19] Such a proposition aimed to create a military alliance with France to avoid the threat of Vietnam on Cambodia. The proposal did not receive an answer from the French.[20] An 1856 publication by The Nautical Magazine describes Phú Quốc to still be part of Cambodia even though it was occupied by the Cochinchinese. The quote from the publication is:

The whole of the island is thickly wooded, and only the shore parts appear to be inhabited, principally by Cochinchinese, for although in the empire of Cambodia it has been seized upon by the unscrupulous inhabitants of Cancao.»[21]

While the war between Vietnam and France was about to begin, Ang Duong sent another letter, dated November 25, 1856, to Napoleon III to warn him on Cambodian claims on the lower Cochinchina region: the Cambodian king listed provinces and islands, including Phú Quốc, as being parts of Vietnam for several years or decades (in the case of Saigon some 200 years). Ang Duong asked the French emperor to not annex any part of these territories because, as he wrote, despite this relatively long Vietnamese rule, they remained Cambodian lands. In 1867, Phú Quốc’s Vietnamese authorities pledged allegiance to French troops just conquering Hà Tiên.

In 1939, for administrative purposes, Governor General of French Indochina, Jules Brévié, drew a line demarcating maritime boundary between Cambodia and Cochinchina; and Phú Quốc remained under Cochinchina administration. After the Geneva Accords, in 1954, Cochinchina’s sovereignty was handed over to Vietnam.[22]

After mainland China fell under the control of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949, General Huang Chieh moved 33,000+ Republic of China Army soldiers mostly from Hunan Province to Vietnam and they were interned on Phú Quốc. Later, the army moved to Taiwan in June 1953.[23]

In 1967, the Vietnamese and Cambodian government accepted the «Brévié Line» as the maritime border. Later on, Sihanouk renewed his claim on Koh Tral. The Vietnamese also abandoned their previous acceptance of the Brevie Line.[12]

From 1953 to 1975, the island housed South Vietnam’s largest prisoner camp (40,000 in 1973), known as Phú Quốc Prison.[24]

On May 1, 1975, a squad of Khmer Rouge soldiers raided and took Phú Quốc, but Vietnam soon recaptured it. This was to be the first of a series of incursions and counter-incursions that would escalate to the Cambodian–Vietnamese War in 1979. Cambodia dropped its claims to Phú Quốc in 1976.[25] But the bone of contention involving the island between the governments of the two countries continued, as both have a historical claim to it and the surrounding waters. A July 1982 agreement between Vietnam and The People’s Republic of Kampuchea ostensibly settled the dispute; however, the island is still the object of irredentist sentiments.[26]

In 1999 the Cambodian representative to the Vietnam-Cambodia Joint Border Commission affirmed the state’s acceptance of the Brevie Line and Vietnamese sovereignty over Phú Quốc, a position reported to and accepted by the National Assembly.[12]

Climate[edit]

The island’s monsoonal sub-equatorial climate is characterized by distinct rainy (April to November) and dry seasons (December to March). As is common in regions with this climate type, there is some rain even in the dry season. The annual rainfall is high, averaging 3,029 mm (9.938 ft). In the northern mountains up to 4,000 mm (13 ft) has been recorded. April and May are the hottest months, with temperatures reaching 35 °C (95 °F).

Climate data for Duong Dong Airport, Phu Quoc
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.1
(95.2) 		35.3
(95.5) 		38.1
(100.6) 		37.5
(99.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		33.7
(92.7) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.3
(91.9) 		34.5
(94.1) 		33.2
(91.8) 		34.6
(94.3) 		38.1
(100.6)
Average high °C (°F) 30.4
(86.7) 		31.1
(88.0) 		32.1
(89.8) 		32.3
(90.1) 		31.4
(88.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.3
(86.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.5
(86.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.6
(78.1) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.6
(81.7) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.0
(78.8) 		27.1
(80.8)
Average low °C (°F) 22.5
(72.5) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		24.9
(76.8) 		24.7
(76.5) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		24.4
(75.9)
Record low °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		16.0
(60.8) 		18.5
(65.3) 		21.0
(69.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.6
(70.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		20.8
(69.4) 		16.0
(60.8) 		17.1
(62.8) 		16.0
(60.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 34
(1.3) 		29
(1.1) 		54
(2.1) 		149
(5.9) 		298
(11.7) 		413
(16.3) 		418
(16.5) 		546
(21.5) 		473
(18.6) 		387
(15.2) 		169
(6.7) 		59
(2.3) 		3,029
(119.3)
Average precipitation days 5.3 3.9 5.7 11.5 19.5 21.8 22.5 24.4 22.5 21.6 13.3 6.2 178.3
Average relative humidity (%) 76.3 77.6 77.6 80.5 83.8 85.8 86.6 87.1 88.0 86.9 79.6 73.9 82.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 251 230 255 246 196 146 151 134 139 168 208 242 2,364
Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[27]

Protections[edit]

Phú Quốc has both a terrestrial national park and a marine protection.

Phú Quốc National Park was established in 2001 as an upgrade of a former conservation zone. The park covers 336.57 km2 (129.95 sq mi) of the northern part of the island.[28][29]

Phú Quốc Marine Protected Area, or just Phú Quốc MPA, was established in 2007 at the northern and southern end of the island and covers 187 km2 (72 sq mi) of marine area. The sea around Phú Quốc is one of the richest fishing grounds in all of Vietnam, and the aim of the protected area is to secure coral reef zones, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests, all key spawning and nursery grounds for aquatic species, including blue swimming crabs. Among the aquatic animals in the protected area are green turtle, leather back turtles, dolphin and dugong.[30][31]

Plastic waste is a growing problem in Phú Quốc, and the local community has organized clean-up efforts.[32]

Gallery[edit]

  • Suối Tranh Cascades

    Suối Tranh Cascades

  • Phú Quốc's sandy beaches

    Phú Quốc’s sandy beaches

  • Fishermen's village

    Fishermen’s village

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Shellfish for sale by the roadside

    Shellfish for sale by the roadside

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Phú Quốc coastline

    Phú Quốc coastline

  • Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

    Fishing boat with its collection of basket boats (thuyền thúng)

  • A beach in Phú Quốc

    A beach in Phú Quốc

  • A bridge on Dương Đông river

    A bridge on Dương Đông river

  • Dương Đông river's mouth

    Dương Đông river’s mouth

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Hotel in Phú Quốc

    Hotel in Phú Quốc

  • Dương Đông market

    Dương Đông market

  • Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

    Fish stalls at Dương Đông market

  • Sùng Hưng pagoda

    Sùng Hưng pagoda

  • Bãi Sao beach

    Bãi Sao beach

  • Dương Đông river

    Dương Đông river

  • Nguyễn Trung Trực's temple

    Nguyễn Trung Trực’s temple

See also[edit]

  • Hà Tiên Islands

References[edit]

  1. ^ «Phú Quốc chính thức là thành phố đảo đầu tiên của Việt Nam». December 9, 2020.
  2. ^ «Visa no longer needed to enter Phú Quốc by sea». Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved 2014-05-09.
  3. ^ vietnamnet.vn. «Phu Quoc giving free 30-day visas — News VietNamNet».
  4. ^ «Biển đảo Việt Nam — Tài nguyên vị thế và những kỳ quan địa chất, sinh thái tiêu biểu (Vietnamese sea and islands – position resources, and typical geological and ecological wonders)».
  5. ^ Wan, Julie (21 April 2010). «The best of Vietnamese fish sauce comes from Phú Quốc». Washington Post. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  6. ^ «Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — Pepper cultivation area halved on Phu Quoc — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  7. ^ Tran, Ngoc. «Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — Pearl farming on Phu Quoc Island — News from Saigon Times». The Saigon Times. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  8. ^ «Vietnam Airlines capitalises on new Phu Quoc airport». Voice of Vietnam. 2012-12-03. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  9. ^ «About Us.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010. «Headquarters: Hamlet 3, Village 7, An Thoi Town, Phu Quoc Island, Kiên Giang Province, Vietnam…»
  10. ^ «Website usage terms and conditions Archived 2011-09-03 at the Wayback Machine.» Air Mekong. Retrieved on December 21, 2010
  11. ^ «Phu Quoc Island Vietnam Official Travel Guide — 2017 — 2018».
  12. ^ a b c d e «Cambodia’s Impossible Dream: Koh Tral». The Diplomat. June 17, 2014.
  13. ^ Coedes, George (1966), The making of South East Asia, University of California Press, p. 213, ISBN 978-0-520-05061-7
  14. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–44, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  15. ^ Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 43–46, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
  16. ^ a b Dai, Kelai; Yang, Baoyun (1991), Ling nan zhi guai deng shi liao san zhong (in Chinese), Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou gu ji chu ban she, pp. 313–319, ISBN 7534802032
  17. ^ Nick Ray, Wendy Yanagihara. Vietnam. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.445
  18. ^ Crawfurd, John. Journal of an Embassy to the Courts of Siam and Cochinchina. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1967. p64-5
  19. ^ «Le Second Empire en Indo-Chine (Siam-Cambodge-Annam): l’ouverture de Siam au commerce et la convention du Cambodge”, Charles Meyniard, 1891, Bibliothèque générale de géographie
  20. ^ «La Politique coloniale de la France au début du second Empire (Indo-Chine, 1852-1858)», Henri Cordier, 1911, Ed. E.J. Brill
  21. ^ Remarks on the East Side of the Gulf of Siam. (1856). In The Nautical Magazine: A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs (p. 693). Brown, Son and Ferguson.
  22. ^ Polomka, Peter. Ocean Politics in Southeast Asia. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.20
  23. ^ 2009年03月31日, 抗日名将黄杰与最后一支离开大陆的国民党部队, 凤凰资讯. There is currently a small island in Kaohsiung, Taiwan’s Chengcing Lake that was constructed in November 1955 and named Phú Quốc Island in memory of the Nationalist Chinese loyal soldiers who was detained from 1949-1953.
  24. ^ Ngo Cong Duc, deputy of the Vinh Binh province, quoted in «Le régime de Nguyen Van Thieu à travers l’épreuve», Etude Vietnamienne, 1974, pp. 99–131
  25. ^ Hanns Jürgen Buchholz. Law of the Sea Zones in the Pacific Ocean. Retrieved 2015-10-09. p.41
  26. ^ Amer, Ramses. 2002. Claims and Conflict Situations in «War or Peace in the South China Sea?» edited by Timo Kivimaki. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS), Copenhagen, Denmark
  27. ^ «Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction» (PDF) (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  28. ^ «National parks — Discover Phu Quoc — island paradise in the Gulf of Thailand, secluded and beautiful beaches, resorts and hotels on Phu Quoc island, Vietnam…» discoverphuquoc.com.
  29. ^ «Phu Quoc National Park — One of The Best Nature Wonders in Phu Quoc». November 8, 2019.
  30. ^ «Phu Quoc in Viet Nam».
  31. ^ Vietnam Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness Evaluation (2015)
  32. ^ Community cleanup efforts and local government commitment underway to tackle the mounting plastic waste issue on Phu Quoc Island

External links[edit]

Источник

фукуок

  • 1
    Фукуок

    Русско-английский географический словарь > Фукуок

См. также в других словарях:

  • Фукуок — Phú Quốc Страна Вьетнам …   Википедия

  • Международный аэропорт Фукуок — Аэропорт Фукуок Sân bay quốc tế Phú Quôc Файл:PhuQuocInternatonalAirport.jpg Страна: Регион: Вьетнам Фукуок Тип: гражданский Код ИКАО …   Википедия

  • Зыонгдонг (аэропорт) — Аэропорт Фукуок Sân bay Phú Quôc …   Википедия

  • Кьензянг — вьетн. Kiên Giang Страна …   Википедия

  • Список аэропортов Вьетнама — Ниже приведён список действующих и закрытых аэропортов Вьетнама, сгруппированных по направлениям деятельности. Аэропорты Местонахождение (город) Код ИКАО Код ИАТА Название Координаты Международные Кантхо VVCT VCA Международный аэропорт Кантхо… …   Википедия

  • Air Mekong — Air Mekong …   Википедия

  • Кантхо (аэропорт) — Международный аэропорт Кантхо Sân bay Quốc tế Cần Thơ Страна: Регион: Вьетнам Кантхо Тип: гражданский Код ИКАО …   Википедия

  • Ханой (аэропорт) — Международный аэропорт Нойбай Sân bay Quốc tế Nội Bài Страна …   Википедия

  • Ратьзя (аэропорт) — У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Ратьзя (значения). Аэропорт Ратьзя Sân bay Rạch Giá Страна: Регион: Вьетнам Ратьзя Тип: гражданский Код ИКАО: Код …   Википедия

  • Huong Toan 2 Hotel — (Дуонг Донг,Вьетнам) Категория отеля: 2 звездочный отель Адрес: 205 Nguyen Trung …   Каталог отелей

  • Phu Quoc Eco Beach Resort — (Дуонг Донг,Вьетнам) Категория отеля: 3 звездочный отель Адрес: Ong Lang B …   Каталог отелей

Источник

Произношение Фукуока
Ваш броузер не поддерживает аудио

Фукуока – 17 результатов перевода

Это Китахара.

Неопознанный самолет направляется к городу Фукуока.

Сверхзвуковой?

This is Kitahara.

Unknown object at 50.5 degrees, 20,000 feet, traveling at supersonic speed!

What?

Есть!

Родан летит в сторону Фукуока.

В результате нашей атаки удалось вдвое сбавить его скорость.

We did it!

Rodan is changing course.

We have scored at least one hit. Its speed is down to half.

Ивай поехал помочь и попал за решётку.

Я только что вышел из тюрьмы в Фукуока.

Он сказал, что ему нужна твоя помощь.

Iwai wentto help them and was jailed.

Ijustcame back from the jail in Fukuoka.

He said he needed your help.

ОКТЯБРЬ 1961 г. В ТОТТОРИ УБИТ БОСС СЕМЬИ ХИЯМА

ФУКУОКА

МАЙ 1962 г. ИНЦИДЕНТ НАКАТА В КЮСЮ

OCTOBER 1961 —THE BOSS OF THE HIYAMA FAMILY IN TOTTORI KILLED

FUKUOKA

MAY 1962 THE HAKATA INCIDENT IN KYUSHU

Командный Центр, это Китахара.

Преследую объект над городом Фукуока.

Его скорость в 1,5 раза выше, чем у нашего самолета. Что!

Base, base. This is Kitahara.

This is Kitahara. Object in the sky still traveling at supersonic speed.

It just completed a 1 1/2 times vertical loop.

Он по прежнему на свободе.

19-го Октября в округе Фукуока он убил двух служащих Японской Табачно-Солевой компании.

В прошлом судим за мошенничество. Может выдавать себя за адвоката или профессора университета.

He remains at large.

On October 18, in Fukuoka Prefecture, he murdered two employees of the Japan Tobacco and Salt Corporation.

He has a prior conviction for fraud and may be posing as a lawyer or university professor.

Огонь!

Захват автобуса в Сироиси, префектура Фукуока.

Трагедия в полдень.

Fire!

Busjack in Shiroishi, Fufkuoka.

Tragedy at noon.

— Никто.

Фукуоке предстоит сегодня жаркий денёк.

Опасайтесь солнечных ударов.

Nobody.

I see. you’ve decided to eliminate Tomoki.

What should I do? !

Но это же не с Вами связано.

И Вы также извинились во время выборов в Фукуоке.

Как его сын я хочу извиниться за предательства моего отца.

it wasn’t your own scandal.

And you’ve also apologized during the Fukuoka election.

I would like to apologize for my father’s betrayal.

— Мисаки-сан, да? Да.

Я была на рейсе с Фукуока, и вы мне помогли.

Как вам полет?

— Are you Misaki-san?

— Yes I was taken care of by you on the plane to Fukuoka

What is the matter?

Время от времени он дает нам работу.

На острове Фу Куок мы заберем пакет у вьетнамских военных.

И вот тогда начнется наше задание… рабочая сила должна уважаться.

He gives us jobs from time to time.

we’re receiving a package from the Vietnamese military at Phu Quoc island.

And since our schedule is open… work is to be respected.

Вообще-то… мама попросила проведать тебя.

Ну, переехала в Токио, не хочешь возвращаться в Фукуоку.

Нет!

Actually Mom asked me to check on you.

I mean, moving to Tokyo not wanting to come back to Fukuoka, she thought it might be because you have a boyfriend or something.

No!

Спасибо вам за ваше понимание…

Я сегодня возвращаюсь в Фукуоку, но хотел до отъезда посмотреть, где работает Шиори-сан…

Мог бы позвонить…

Thank you so much for your understanding…

I’m going back to Fukuoka today, but I wanted to come see where Shiori-san worked once before I left…

You should have called…

Пожалуйста.

Как прошел сегодняшний рейс до Фукуока и обратно?

Наверное, тяжело было? Неа. Все прошло идеально!

You are welcome

How was the flight today? The trip to and from Fukuoka must have been tough?

Not at all, it was perfect

Большое спасибо. Да! Буду ждать!

За один день мы слетали в Фукуока и обратно. Да, Сэкияма-тян?

Благодаря тебе, Мисаки-сан, я выложилась на 100%.

— Thank you very much

To and from Fukuoka within a day Sekiyama-chan

I am confident because I am with you

Военный лагерь Фуджи.

Капитан Фукуока, это господин Юкио Мисима, писатель

Пока он с нами, займитесь его подготовкой.

JGSDF CAMP FUJI

Captain Fukuoka, this is Mr. Yukio Mishima, the novelist.

You will train him while he’s with us.

Надеюсь вы не планируете ничего такого?

Капитан Фукуока.

Окажись вы среди пассажиров, захваченных террористами, чтобы вы сделали?

You’re not planning anything, are you?

Captain Fukuoka.

If you’d been on the hijacked flight what would you have done?

Показать еще

Хотите знать еще больше переводов Фукуока?

Мы используем только переведенные профессиональными переводчиками фразы Фукуока для формирования нашей постоянно обновляющейся базы. Это позволяет максимально точно переводить не просто слова, но и целые фразы, учитывая контекст и особенности их использования.

Перевести новое выражение

Источник

Phú Quốc

Thành Phố Phú Quốc

Провинциальный город (Вьетнам)
Phú Quốc City
Остров Фукуок

Остров Фукуок

Официальная печать Фукуока

Тюлень

Phú Quốc

Фукуок находится во Вьетнаме.

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc

Phú Quốc
Координаты:
VN 10 ° 14’N 103 ° 57’E / 10,233 ° с.ш.103,950 ° в. Координаты : VN 10 ° 14’N 103 ° 57’E. / 10,233 ° с.ш.103,950 ° в.
Страна  Вьетнам
Провинция Kiên Giang
Площадь
 • Общий 589,27 км 2 (227,52 квадратных миль)
численность населения
 • Общий 179 480
 • Плотность 305 / км 2 (790 / кв. Миль)
Часовой пояс UTC + 7 (ICT)
Телефонный код 855
Веб-сайт phuquoc .kiengiang .gov .vn

Пляж Бай Сао на острове Фукуок

Фукуок ( вьетнамский:  [fǔ kǔə̯k] ) — самый большой остров во Вьетнаме . Фукуок и близлежащие острова, наряду с далекими островами Тху Чу , являются частью провинции Кен-Зианг как город Фукуок , общая площадь острова составляет 574 км 2 (222 квадратных миль), а постоянное население составляет около 179 480 человек. Расположенный в Сиамском заливе , остров город Фукуок включает остров надлежащего и 21 небольших островков . Район Донгонг расположен на западном побережье, а также является административным и крупнейшим городом на острове. Другая палата — Ан Тхи на южной оконечности острова.

Его основные отрасли промышленности — рыболовство, сельское хозяйство и быстрорастущий сектор туризма. Фукуок добился быстрого экономического роста благодаря нынешнему туристическому буму. Реализовано много инфраструктурных проектов, в том числе несколько пятизвездочных отелей и санаториев. Международный аэропорт Фукуок — это узел, соединяющий Фукуок с материковым Вьетнамом и другими международными направлениями.

С марта 2014 года Вьетнам разрешил всем иностранным туристам посещать Фукуок без визы на срок до 30 дней. К 2017 году правительство Вьетнама планировало создать Особый административный район, охватывающий остров Фукуок и периферийные островки, и преобразовать его в провинциальный город со специальной администрацией.

Здесь находилась историческая тюрьма Фукуок ; тюрьма была построена французскими колонизаторами для содержания пленных вьетконговцев и солдат Северного Вьетнама .

География

Фукуок лежит к югу от камбоджийского побережья, к югу от Кампота , и 40 км (22  NMI ) к западу от Ha Tien , ближайшего прибрежного города во Вьетнаме. Примерно треугольной формы остров составляет 50 километров (31 миль) в длину с севера на юг и 25 километров (16 миль) с востока на запад в самом широком месте. Он также расположен в 17 морских милях (31  км ) от Кампота , в 62 морских милях (115  км ) от Рух-Джи и почти в 290 морских милях (540 км) от Лаем Чабанг, Таиланд . Горный хребет, известный как «99 пиков», проходит по всей длине Фукуока, а гора Чуа является самой высокой — 603 метра (1978 футов).

Остров Фукуок в основном состоит из осадочных пород мезозойского и кайнозойского возраста, включая неоднородный состав конгломератов, толщину слоев, кварцевую гальку, кремнезем, известняк, риолит и фельзит . Мезозойские породы относятся к формации Фукуок (K pq). Кайнозойские отложения подразделяются на образования Лонг-Тоан (средний — верхний плейстоцен), Лонг Мо (верхний плейстоцен), Хойджианг (нижний — средний голоцен), отложения верхнего голоцена и неразделенные четвертичные (Q).

Административные единицы

Город Фукуок официально разделен на девять подразделений районного уровня, включая два городских округа ( Dương Đông , An Thới ) и семь сельских округов ( Bãi Thơm , Cửa Cạn , Cửa Dương , Dương Tơ , Gành Dầu , Hàm Ninh. , Thổ Châu ).

Экономика

Рыболовство исторически было доминирующей отраслью на Фукуоке.

Фукуок славится двумя традиционными продуктами: рыбным соусом и черным перцем . Богатые рыболовные угодья на шельфе обеспечивают улов анчоусов, из которых готовят ценный соус. По мнению вьетнамцев, лучший рыбный соус происходит из острова Фукуок. Название острова очень желанное и злоупотребляющее в индустрии рыбного соуса, поскольку местные производители борются за защиту наименования места происхождения. Перец выращивают повсюду на острове, особенно в коммунах Ган Ду и Ча Дунг. Деятельность по выращиванию жемчуга началась более 20 лет назад, когда приехали австралийские и японские специалисты, чтобы развивать отрасль с помощью передовых технологий. В то время было основано несколько вьетнамских жемчужных ферм, в том числе Quốc An.

Туризм играет важную роль в экономике, а пляжи являются главной достопримечательностью. Фукуок обслуживался аэропортом Фукуок с воздушным сообщением с международным аэропортом Хошимин ( Сайгон ) Таншоннят , Ханоем ( международный аэропорт Нойбай ), Роч-Гиа ( аэропорт Роч-Гиа ) и Кантхо ( международным аэропортом Кантхо ). Аэропорт Фукуок был закрыт и заменен новым международным аэропортом Фукуок со 2 декабря 2012 года. Фукуок также связан с Роч-Гиа и Ха-Тиен быстрыми паромами на подводных крыльях .

Штаб-квартира Air Mekong раньше находилась в Ан Тхи.

Было реализовано множество внутренних и международных проектов, связанных с туризмом, в том числе последние прямые рейсы из Бангкока на Фукуок авиакомпанией Bangkok Airways, что может сделать Фукуок новым туристическим центром в Юго-Восточной Азии.

Благодаря объединению Vinpearl Phú Quc Resorts и открытию новой международной больницы Vinmec Phú Quốc в июне 2015 года Фукуок добавит дополнительный источник дохода в местную экономику с точки зрения медицинских услуг, медицинского туризма и медицинского образования.

История

В районе городского рынка Dương Đông

Самые ранние камбоджийские упоминания о Фукуоке (Ко Трал) можно найти в королевских документах, датированных 1615 годом, что отражает распределение различных губернаторских властей между территориями Кхмерской империи .

Приблизительно в 1680 году один из камбоджийских королей предоставил китайскому торговцу и исследователю Мок Коу право заселить и освоить большую часть непродуктивного камбоджийского побережья, проект, в результате которого он основал Ха-Тьен и шесть других деревень в качестве торговых центров, в том числе одну деревню на острове Фу. Quoc.

Mc Cửu позже перешел на верность лордам Нгуена и признал власть вьетнамского суверена. Он отправил дани ко двору Нгуена в 1708 году, а взамен получил титул Тонг Бинь из Ха Тьен и благородный титул маркиз Коу Нгок ( вьетнамский : Cửu Ngọc hầu ).

Mc Cu умер в 1736 году, его сын Mc Thiên T (Мо Шилин) преуспел. Камбоджийская армия вторглась в Ха Тьен в 1739 году, но потерпела полное поражение. С тех пор Камбоджа не пыталась восстановить Ха Тьен, с тех пор Ха Тьен пользовалась полной независимостью от Камбоджи.

Во времена правления Мук Тьен Ту был отмечен золотой век Ха Тьен. В 1758 году Ха Тьен назначил Отея II марионеточным королем Камбоджи. После войны второго падения Аюттхая , Мук Тхиен То попытался установить принца Чао Чуи ( เจ้า จุ้ย , Chiêu Thúy на вьетнамском языке) в качестве нового сиамского короля, но был побежден Таксином . Ха Тьен был полностью опустошен сиамскими войсками в 1771 году, Мук Тхиен Тоу бежал в Тхан Джанг (современный Кон Тхо ). Там его приютил лорд Нгуен. Два года спустя сиамская армия покинула Ха Тьен, и Мон Тьен Ту отвоевал свое княжество.

Французский миссионер Pigneau де Behaine использовали остров в качестве базы во время 1760 и 1780s в убежище Нгуен Ань , который охотился на Tây SON армии. В описаниях этой миссии упоминается местное вьетнамское население острова, но не кхмеры.

Описание прибрежного маршрута из Вьетнама в Таиланд в 1810 году, подготовленное судебными чиновниками в Гиа Лонг, описывает Фукуок как местный (вьетнамский) административный офис и военных офицеров, с плотным населением, занятым рядом экономической деятельности.

Британский посланник Джон Кроуферд, направлявшийся в Сиам из Сингапура в 1822 году, сделал остановку на острове Фукуок, который в марте он записал как Фу-кок . Его запись выглядит следующим образом:

Место, которое мы сейчас посетили, кочинцы называют Пху-кок, а сиамцы — Кох-дуд … На камбоджанском языке это называется Кох-трол … Это самый большой остров на восточном побережье. Сиамский залив, по нашим подсчетам, не менее тридцати четырех миль в длину. Обычно это смелая возвышенность, самые высокие холмы поднимаются до семи или восьмисот футов. Несколько мест здесь и там только на побережье заселены, остальные, как обычно, покрыты большим лесом, в котором, как нам сказали, было много оленей, свиней, диких буйволов и быков, но не было леопардов или тигров. … Население Фу-Кока, по нашим сведениям, составляло от четырех до пяти тысяч, все они принадлежали к истинной кочинхинской расе, за исключением нескольких случайных китайцев. Они не выращивают кукурузу, и их выращивание ограничивается несколькими грубыми фруктами, сочными зелеными овощами и мучными корнями … «

Западная запись 1856 года снова упоминает остров: «… Король Анг Зыонг (Камбоджа) извещает г-на де Монтиньи, французского посланника с визитом в Бангкоке , через епископа Миша, о его намерении уступить Фукуок Франции». Такое предложение было направлено на создание военного союза с Францией, чтобы избежать угрозы Вьетнама Камбодже. Предложение не получило ответа от французов. В публикации 1856 года The Nautical Magazine описывается, что Фукуок все еще является частью Камбоджи, несмотря на то, что он был оккупирован кохинхинцами . Цитата из публикации:

Весь остров покрыт густым лесом, и только прибрежные части, по-видимому, населены, в основном, кохинхинцами , хотя в империи Камбоджа он был захвачен беспринципными жителями Канкао ».

В то время как война между Вьетнамом и Францией вот-вот должна была начаться, Анг Зыонг отправил Наполеону III еще одно письмо от 25 ноября 1856 года, чтобы предупредить его о притязаниях Камбоджи на нижнюю часть Кочинчины : камбоджийский король перечислил провинции и острова, включая Фукуок. , как часть Вьетнама на несколько лет или десятилетий (в случае Сайгона около 200 лет). Анг Зыонг попросил французского императора не аннексировать какую-либо часть этих территорий, потому что, как он писал, несмотря на это относительно долгое вьетнамское правление, они оставались камбоджийскими землями. В 1867 году вьетнамские власти Фукуока присягнули на верность французским войскам, только что завоевавшим Ха-Тьен .

Французский Индокитай около 1933 г.

В 1939 году генерал — губернатор Французского Индокитая , Джулс Бреви направил письмо губернатору Cochinchina о «проблеме островов в Сиамском заливе , чье является предметом спора между Камбоджей и Кочин-Китай». В этом письме «в административных целях» он провел линию, определяющую границу между водами Камбоджи и Кочинхитай: все острова к северу от линии находятся под суверенитетом Камбоджи, все острова к югу от линии управляются Кочин-Китай. В результате Фукуок остался под администрацией Кочинчины. В 1949 году Кочин-Китай стал частью Вьетнама, ассоциированного государства Французского Союза в рамках Индокитайской федерации. После Женевских соглашений в 1954 году суверенитет Кочинчины был передан Вьетнаму.

После того, как материковый Китай попал под контроль Коммунистической партии Китая в 1949 году, генерал Хуан Цзе перебросил более 33000 солдат армии Китайской Республики в основном из провинции Хунань во Вьетнам, и они были интернированы на Фукуок. Позже в июне 1953 года армия перебралась на Тайвань .

В 1964 году тогдашний глава государства принц Нородом Сианук предложил вьетнамцам карту, направленную на решение этого вопроса. Камбоджа предложила принять колониальную «линию Бревье» в качестве морской границы, тем самым отказавшись от своих претензий на остров Ко Трал. Эта позиция Камбоджи была подтверждена картами, переданными миссии Советом Безопасности ООН после инцидентов в Чантрее. 8 июня 1967 года вьетнамцы выступили с заявлением, согласно которому «линия Бревье» была признана морской границей.

В 1969 году Сианук возобновил свои претензии на Ко Трал, как и последующая администрация Лон Нола. Вьетнамцы укрепили свою позицию и отказались от прежнего принятия линии Бреви, стремясь к более широким морским путям вокруг островов.

С 1953 по 1975 год на острове находился крупнейший в Южном Вьетнаме лагерь для заключенных (40 000 человек в 1973 году), известный как тюрьма Фукуок .

1 мая 1975 года отряд солдат красных кхмеров совершил набег и взял Фукуок, но вскоре Вьетнам отбил его. Это должно было стать первым из серии вторжений и ответных вторжений, которые перерастут в камбоджийско-вьетнамскую войну в 1979 году. Камбоджа отказалась от претензий на Фукуок в 1976 году. Но яблоко раздора, связанного с островом, между правительствами две страны продолжили свое существование, поскольку обе имеют исторические права на него и окружающие воды. Соглашение от июля 1982 года между Вьетнамом и Народной Республикой Кампучия якобы урегулировало спор; однако остров по-прежнему является объектом ирредентистских настроений.

в 1999 году представитель Камбоджи в Совместной пограничной комиссии Вьетнама и Камбоджи подтвердил принятие государством линии Бреви и суверенитета Вьетнама над Фукуоком, позиция, о которой было сообщено и принята Национальным собранием.

Климат

Муссонный субэкваториальный климат острова характеризуется отчетливыми дождливыми (с апреля по ноябрь) и сухими сезонами (с декабря по март). Как это часто бывает в регионах с этим типом климата, даже в засушливый сезон идут дожди. Годовое количество осадков велико, в среднем 3029 мм (9,938 футов). В северных горах было зарегистрировано до 4000 мм (13 футов). Апрель и май — самые жаркие месяцы, когда температура достигает 35 ° C (95 ° F).

Климатические данные для аэропорта Дуонг Донг , Фукуок
Месяц Янв Фев Мар Апр Может Июн Июл Авг Сен Октябрь Ноя Декабрь Год
Рекордно высокая ° C (° F) 35,1
(95,2) 		35,3
(95,5) 		38,1
(100,6) 		37,5
(99,5) 		37,0
(98,6) 		33,7
(92,7) 		33,3
(91,9) 		33,4
(92,1) 		33,3
(91,9) 		34,5
(94,1) 		33,2
(91,8) 		34,6
(94,3) 		38,1
(100,6)
Средняя высокая ° C (° F) 30,4
(86,7) 		31,1
(88,0) 		32,1
(89,8) 		32,3
(90,1) 		31,4
(88,5) 		30,0
(86,0) 		29,5
(85,1) 		29,2
(84,6) 		29,2
(84,6) 		29,9
(85,8) 		30,3
(86,5) 		30,0
(86,0) 		30,5
(86,9)
Среднесуточное значение ° C (° F) 25,6
(78,1) 		26,5
(79,7) 		27,6
(81,7) 		28,4
(83,1) 		28,4
(83,1) 		27,8
(82,0) 		27,5
(81,5) 		27,3
(81,1) 		27,0
(80,6) 		26,7
(80,1) 		26,7
(80,1) 		26,0
(78,8) 		27,1
(80,8)
Средняя низкая ° C (° F) 22,5
(72,5) 		23,5
(74,3) 		24,6
(76,3) 		25,4
(77,7) 		25,6
(78,1) 		25,3
(77,5) 		25,0
(77,0) 		24,9
(76,8) 		24,7
(76,5) 		24,3
(75,7) 		24,0
(75,2) 		22,9
(73,2) 		24,4
(75,9)
Рекордно низкая ° C (° F) 16,0
(60,8) 		16,0
(60,8) 		18,5
(65,3) 		21,0
(69,8) 		22,1
(71,8) 		21,2
(70,2) 		21,8
(71,2) 		21,6
(70,9) 		22,0
(71,6) 		20,8
(69,4) 		16,0
(60,8) 		17,1
(62,8) 		16,0
(60,8)
Среднее количество осадков, мм (дюймы) 34
(1,3) 		29
(1,1) 		54
(2,1) 		149
(5,9) 		298
(11,7) 		413
(16,3) 		418
(16,5) 		546
(21,5) 		473
(18,6) 		387
(15,2) 		169
(6,7) 		59
(2.3) 		3029
(119,3)
Среднее количество дней с осадками 5,3 3.9 5,7 11,5 19,5 21,8 22,5 24,4 22,5 21,6 13,3 6.2 178,3
Средняя относительная влажность (%) 76,3 77,6 77,6 80,5 83,8 85,8 86,6 87,1 88,0 86,9 79,6 73,9 82,0
Среднее количество солнечных часов в месяц
 251 230 255 246 196 146 151 134 139 168 208 242 2364
Источник: Вьетнамский институт строительной науки и технологий.

Защиты

Фукуок имеет как наземный национальный парк, так и морскую охрану .

Национальный парк Фукуок был основан в 2001 году в качестве модернизации бывшей природоохранной зоны. Парк занимает 336,57 км 2 (129,95 квадратных миль) северной части острова.

Морской охраняемый район Фукуок, или просто МОР Фукуок, был основан в 2007 году на северной и южной оконечности острова и занимает 187 км 2 (72 квадратных миль) морской территории. Море вокруг Фукуока — одно из самых богатых мест для рыбной ловли во всем Вьетнаме, и цель охраняемой территории — обеспечить безопасность зон коралловых рифов , зарослей морских водорослей и мангровых лесов , всех основных нерестилищ и нерестилищ водных видов, в том числе голубых. крабы-плавунцы . Среди водных животных на охраняемой территории — зеленая черепаха , кожистые черепахи , дельфин и дюгонь .

Пластиковые отходы — растущая проблема на Фукуоке, и местное сообщество организовало мероприятия по их очистке.

Галерея

  • Suối Tranh Cascades

  • Песчаные пляжи Фукуока

  • Рыбацкая деревня

  • Пляж Бай Сао

  • Продажа моллюсков у дороги

  • Береговая линия Фукуок

  • Береговая линия Фукуок

  • Рыбацкая лодка с коллекцией лодок-корзин ( thuyền thúng )

  • Пляж на Фукуоке

  • Мост на реке Дунгонг

  • Устье реки Дунлонг

  • Отель в городе Фукуок

  • Отель в городе Фукуок

  • Рынок Dương Đông

  • Рыбные прилавки на рынке Dương Đông

  • Пагода Санг Хонг

  • Пляж Бай Сао

  • Река Дынгонг

  • Храм Нгуен Чунг Трока

Смотрите также

  • Острова Ха-Тьен

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