Как пишется бобслей на английском

Перевод «бобслей» на английский

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бобслей

м.р.
существительное

Склонение

bobsled

[ˈbɔbsled]

Вы светите наличкой, просишь у Анджело мартини бобслей.

You flash some cash, ask Angelo for a bobsled Martini.

bobsleigh

[ˈbɔbsleɪ]

Это я, на европейском финале по бобслею.

Me, at the European bobsleigh final.

Словосочетания (7)

1. бобслей ( двойки , мужчины ) — two-man bobsled
2. бобслей ( четверки , мужчины ) — four-man bobsled
3. Бобслей , мужчины , двойки — Two man
4. Бобслей , мужчины , четвёрки — Four man
5. Бобслей . Женщины — Bobsleigh. Women
6. Бобслей . Мужчины . Двойки — Bobsleigh. Two man
7. Бобслей . Мужчины . Четвёрки — Bobsleigh. Four man

Контексты

Вы светите наличкой, просишь у Анджело мартини бобслей.
You flash some cash, ask Angelo for a bobsled Martini.

Принятое во вторник решение существенно повлияет на санные виды спорта, такие как бобслей, скелетон и тобогган, на фигурное катание, где россияне традиционно выступают блестяще, а также на лыжные гонки и биатлон.
Tuesday’s decision had a big impact on sliding sports, such as bobsled, skeleton and luge; Nordic sports, including cross-country skiing and biathlon; and potentially figure skating, where Russia is a traditional podium threat.

Я хотел выступать на соревнованиях по бобслею на Олимпийских играх.
I wanted to be on a bobsled in the Olympics.

Это я, на европейском финале по бобслею.
Me, at the European bobsleigh final.

О, и поскриптум, все, что мне нужно, чтобы завершить список, это салазки для бобслея и космическая капсула Аполлона-11.
Oh, P. S, in order to hit 33, all I need is bobsled and the Apollo 11 space capsule.

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бобслей

Бобслей — перевод с русского на английский

bobsled, bobsleigh, bob, Bob

Основные варианты перевода слова «бобслей» на английский

- bobsled |ˈbɑːbsˌled|  — бобслей
- bobsleigh |ˈbɑːbsleɪ|  — бобслей

бобслей несётся как стрела — a bobsleigh shoots down like an arrow

- bob |bɑːb|  — боб, отвес, маятник, бобслей, шиллинг, балансир, поплавок, помпон, пучок
- Bob |bɑːb|  — боб, отвес, маятник, бобслей, шиллинг, балансир, поплавок, помпон, пучок

Смотрите также

бобслей — bob-sled

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Перевод «бобслей» на английский

nm

«Как и бобслей и скелетон, санный спорт появился в конце XIX века.

Like bobsleigh and skeleton, luge first emerged in the late 19th century.

Лёгкая атлетика, коньки, бобслей, и даже биатлон — это не слишком трогает россиян.

Athletics, skating, bobsleigh, even biathlon not really impress the Russians.

Например, есть бобслей, на котором известные в Сочи бобслеисты тренировались.

For example, there is the bobsled on which the renowned Sochi bobsledder trained.

Российский бобслей и скелетон становятся всё сильнее и сильнее.

The Russian bobsled and skeleton are becoming stronger.

В зимних играх большая часть внимания приходится на фигурное катание, лыжи, хоккей и, отчасти из-за ямайцев, бобслей.

In the winter games most of the attention is on figure skating, skiing, hockey and, due in part to the Jamaicans, bobsledding.

Помимо британского влияния в начале своего развития, сильное присутствие США с 1928 по 1956 год, и последние достижения в других странах, бобслей был во власти в значительной степени на альпийских стран Европы на протяжении многих лет.

Apart from the British influence in the sport’s infancy, a strong U.S. presence from 1928 to 1956, and recent advances by other countries, bobsledding has been dominated largely by Europe’s alpine nations over the years.

Это был единственный случай, когда бобслей не был включен в олимпийскую программу.

This was the only time when Bobsleigh was not included in the Olympic programme.

В горах, где должны будут проводиться бобслей, лыжные гонки, биатлон и другие события, сейчас доступны только два небольших горнолыжных склона.

In the mountains, where the bobsleigh, cross-country skiing, biathlon and other events are due to be held, only two small ski slopes are currently available.

Мы не знаем, какая степень и стадия этой агонии, но она не может остановиться, поскольку это похоже на бобслей — прыгнул в боб и несешься по желобу.

We don’t know the stage of the agony, but it cannot be stopped, because it’s like bobsleigh: you jump into a sled and runs down the track.

В Советское время проводилась масса зимних соревнований: бобслей, слалом, прыжки с трамплина, разумеется, по горным лыжам.

In Soviet times, a lot of winter competitions were held: bobsled, slalom, ski jumping, of course, downhill skiing.

Спорт бобслей очень важен в Санкт-Мориц, т.к. именно здесь, получил свое начало этот захватывающий, зимний олимпийский вид спорта в конце девятнадцатого века.

Bobsleigh is a very important sport for St. Moritz, as it was here that this fascinating winter olympic sport was invented, at the end of the nineteenth century.

В первой игре вы играете в бобслей, со всеми атрибутами этого зимнего спорта и с возможностью выбрать как сам боб (санки), так и трассу.

In the first game you play bobsleigh; all the attributes of this winter sport and a possibility to choose the sledge and a route are available.

Но после перемирия с А лександром Зубковым я «выдохнул», потому что чувствую себя нужным элементом в сложной цепочке под названием «бобслей».

But after my truce with Alexander Zubkov I ‘exhaled’ because I feel myself to be the necessary element in a difficult chain called ‘Bobsleigh‘.

Среди этих спортсменов есть такие выдающиеся, как Александр Зубков (бобслей), наши хоккеистки.

Among these athletes there are such outstanding ones as Alexander Zubkov (bobsled) and our female hockey players.

В советские годы Бакуриани являлся традиционным местом проведения соревнований по зимним видам спорта: слалом, бобслей, биатлон и прыжки с трамплина.

In Soviet times, Bakuriani is a traditional venue for the competitions in winter sports: slalom, bobsled, biathlon and ski jumping.

До этого бобслей и скелетон проводили отдельные Чемпионаты мира.

Prior to this, Skeleton and women’s bobsleigh held separate World Championships.

В Сигулде бобслей зародился еще в конце 19 века, когда князь Кропоткин в своем поместье построил первую бобслейную дорогу длиной 900 м с одним виражом.

The history of bobsleigh in Sigulda goes back to the late 19th century, when Prince Kropotkin built on his estate a 900 meter bobsleigh track with one curve.

Грубель выбрала бобслей после окончания колледжа по предложению одного из её товарищей по команде.

Greubel took up bobsledding after graduating from college at the suggestion of one of her college track and field teammates.

Много альпийских стран, культивировавших горные лыжи (alp ski, англ.) и бобслей, также отказывались делегировать свои виды спорта на заветный Олимп.

Many alpine countries that cultivated skiing (alp ski, English) and bobsled also refused to delegate their sports to the coveted Olympus.

Бакуриани был известен еще с советских времен, когда он был одним из главных лагерей Советского Союза для зимних видов спорта, таких как слалом, бобслей, биатлон и прыжки с трамплина.

Bakuriani has been famous since Soviet times, when it was one of the main USSR camps for winter sports, such as slalom, bobsleigh, biathlon, and springboard diving.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 98. Точных совпадений: 98. Затраченное время: 135 мс

Documents

Корпоративные решения

Спряжение

Синонимы

Корректор

Справка и о нас

Индекс слова: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900

Индекс выражения: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Индекс фразы: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Произношение Бобслей
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Синонимы слова «БОБСЛЕЙ»:

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bobsleigh

The two-man United States bobsleigh team at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada
Highest governing body	International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (French: Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing)
Nicknames	Bobsled, Bob, King’s Class
First played	1870s
Characteristics
Contact	None
Team members	Singles or teams of 2 or 4
Mixed-sex	Yes, but usually in separate competitions
Type	Winter sport, time trial
Equipment	High-tech sleigh, helmet
Venue	Bobsleigh tracks
Presence
Olympic	since 1924

Bobsleigh or bobsled is a team winter sport that involves making timed runs down narrow, twisting, banked, iced tracks in a gravity-powered sleigh. International bobsleigh competitions are governed by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation, also known as FIBT from the French Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing. National competitions are often governed by bodies such as the United States Bobsled and Skeleton Federation, Bobsleigh Canada Skeleton, and the German Bobsleigh, Luge, and Skeleton Federation.

The first bobsleds were built in the late 19th century in St. Moritz, Switzerland, by wealthy tourists from Victorian Britain who were staying at the Palace Hotel owned by Caspar Badrutt. The early sleds were adapted from boys’ delivery sleds and toboggans. These eventually evolved into bobsleighs, luges and skeletons. Initially the tourists would race their hand-built contraptions down the narrow streets of St. Moritz; however, as collisions increased, growing opposition from St. Moritz residents led to bobsledding being eventually banned from public highways. In the winter of 1884, Badrutt had a purpose-built run constructed near the hamlet of Cresta. The Cresta Run remains the oldest in the world and is the home of the St. Moritz Tobogganing Club. It has hosted two Olympic Winter Games and as of 2022 was still in use.

Modern bobsleigh teams compete to complete a downhill route in the fastest times. An aggregate time from several runs is used to determine the winners. The four-man event has been featured since the first Winter Games in 1924 in Chamonix, France. The only exception was the 1960 games in Squaw Valley when the organizing committee decided not to build a track to reduce costs. The two-man event was introduced at the 1932 games and a two-woman event was first contested at the 2002 Winter Olympics. The women’s monobob event was introduced in the 2022 games.

Etymology[edit]

The name is derived from the action some early competitors adopted of bobbing back and forth inside their sleds to increase speed.^[1]

History[edit]

Origins[edit]

Although sledding on snow or ice had long been popular in many northern countries, the origins of bobsleighing as a modern sport are relatively recent.

It developed after hotelier Caspar Badrutt (1848–1904) convinced some wealthy English regular guests to remain through the entire winter at his hotel in the mineral spa town of St. Moritz, Switzerland. He had been frustrated that his hotel was only busy during the summer months. By keeping his guests entertained with food, alcohol and activities, he quickly established the concept of «winter resorting». Within a few years, wintering at Badrutt’s St. Moritz hotel became very fashionable in Victorian Britain. However, with increased numbers this led some guests to search for new diversions. In the early 1870s some adventurous Englishmen began adapting boys’ delivery sleds for recreational purposes.^[2]

However, when they began colliding with pedestrians in the icy lanes, alleyways and roads of St. Moritz, this led to the invention of «steering means» for the sleds. The basic bobsleigh (bobsled) consisted of two crestas (skeleton sleds) attached together with a board that had a steering mechanism at the front. The ability to steer meant the sleds could make longer runs through the town. Longer runs also meant higher speeds on curves. Local sentiment about these informal competitions varied, but eventually complaints grew so vociferous that Badrutt had to do something. His solution, in the late 1870s, was to build a basic natural-ice run for his guests outside the town near the small hamlet named Cresta. He took action because he did not want to make enemies in the town, and he had worked hard and invested a lot of time and money in popularizing wintering in St. Moritz, so he was not going to let boredom induce customers not to visit the area.^[2]

Competitive discipline[edit]

Formal competitions began down the natural-ice Cresta Run in 1884, which was built in an annual partnership between guests and local people. The run, which was still in operation as of 2014, has served as a host track for skeleton at two Winter Olympic Games (1928 and 1948). As one of the few natural weather tracks in the world, it does not use artificial refrigeration. It is not known how much the original track evolved in the early years as the three sports matured and stabilized. The first club was formed in 1897, and the first purpose-built track solely for bobsleds opened in 1902 outside St. Moritz. Over the years, bobsleigh tracks evolved from straight runs to twisting and turning tracks. The original wooden sleds^[3] gave way to streamlined fiberglass and metal ones.

The International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (FIBT) was founded in 1923. Men’s four-man bobsleigh appeared in the first ever Winter Olympics in 1924, and the men’s two-man bobsleigh event was added in 1932. Though not included in the 1960 Winter Olympics, bobsleigh has featured in every Winter Olympics since. Women’s bobsleigh competition began in the US in 1983 with two demonstration races in Lake Placid, New York, one held in February and the second held during the World Cup races in March 1983. Women’s two-woman bobsleigh made its Olympic debut at the 2002 Winter Olympics. Bobsleigh is also contested at American, European, and World Cup championships.

Germany and Switzerland have proven the most successful bobsleighing nations, measured by overall success in European, World, World Cup, and Olympic championships. Since the 1990s Germans have dominated in international competition, having won more medals than any other nation. Italy, Austria, Canada and the United States also have strong bobsleigh traditions.

Bobsleighs can attain speeds of 150 km/h (93 mph), with the reported world record being 201 km/h (125 mph)^{[citation needed]}.^[4]

Modern era[edit]

Tracks[edit]

Modern tracks are made of concrete, coated with ice. They are required to have at least one straight section and one labyrinth (three turns in quick succession without a straight section). Ideally, a modern track should be 1,200 to 1,300 metres (3,900–4,300 ft) long and have at least fifteen curves. Speeds may exceed 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph), and some curves can subject the crews to as much as 5 g.

Some bobsleigh tracks are also used for luge and skeleton competition.

Some tracks offer tourists rides in bobsleighs, including those at Sigulda, Latvia; Innsbruck-Igls, Austria; Whistler, British Columbia, Canada; Lillehammer, Norway; Cesana Pariol, Italy; Lake Placid, US; Salt Lake City, Utah, US; and La Plagne, France.

Sleighs and crews[edit]

Modern-day sleighs combine light metals, steel runners, and an aerodynamic composite body. Competition sleighs must be a maximum of 3.80 metres (12.5 ft) long (4-crew) or 2.70 metres (8.9 ft) long (2-crew). The runners on both are set at 0.67 metres (2.2 ft) gauge. Until the weight-limit rule was added in 1952, bobsleigh crews tended to be very heavy to ensure the greatest possible speed. Nowadays the maximum weight, including crew, is 630 kilograms (1,390 lb) (4-man), 390 kilograms (860 lb) (2-man), or 340 kilograms (750 lb) (2-woman), which can be reached via the addition of metal weights. The bobsleighs themselves are designed to be as light as possible to allow dynamic positioning of mass through the turns of the bobsleigh course.^[5]

Although bobsleighs once were ridden by five or six, crews were reduced in the 1930s to either two or four people. The four-person crew consists of a pilot, a brakeman, and two pushers.^[6] Athletes are selected for their speed and strength, which are necessary to push the sleigh to a competitive speed at the start of the race. Pilots must have the skill, timing, and finesse to steer the sleigh along the path, or «line», that will produce the greatest speed.

In modern bobsleighs, the steering system consists of two metal rings that actuate a pulley system located in the forward cowling that turns the front runners. For example, to turn left, the pilot would pull the left ring. Only subtle steering adjustments are necessary to guide the sled; at speeds up to 80 miles per hour (130 km/h), anything larger would result in a crash. The pilot does most of the steering, and the brakeman stops the sled after crossing the finish line by pulling the sled’s brake lever.

Women compete in women’s bobsleigh (which is always two-woman) and men in both two- and four-man competitions.^[7] Women were confirmed as being able to compete in any four-«man» bobsleigh event, as from 25 September 2014, either as part of a mixed-sex team or an all-female team. However, because women are on average lighter than men (and thus at a competitive disadvantage in a gravity sport), and because most sliding nations have fewer women able to compete than men, this option has not proved popular with teams.

Monobob[edit]

A single-person bobsleigh is called a «monobob». Single-person sleds were introduced into international competition for both adaptive bobsleigh (for athletes who are able to drive a sled but not push) and as a youth sport (for younger athletes who have not yet developed the ability to push a heavy two- or four-person sled). After the 2018 Winter Olympics, the International Olympic Committee and the IBSF agreed to add women’s monobob as an Olympic sport for the 2022 Winter Olympics, so that there would be an equal number of women’s and men’s events in bobsleigh.

Prior to the 2020–21 competitive season, monobobs were traditionally constructed on one-piece chassis. Starting with the 2020–21 season, competitors in IBSF-sanctioned races must use articulated (two-section) monobobs manufactured by the IBSF’s sole source sled builder, iXent. The sled must weigh a minimum of 162 kg (357 lb) without the athlete (but including timing equipment and any ballast weights) and a maximum of 247 kg (545 lb) including the athlete; runners are the same as for two-person bobsleighs.^[8] This implies a maximum athlete weight limit of 85 kg (187 lb).

Racing[edit]

Individual runs down the course, or «heats», begin from a standing start, with the crew pushing the sled for up to 50 metres (160 ft) before boarding; though the pilot does not steer, grooves in the ice make steering unnecessary until the sled leaves the starting area. While poor form during the initial push can lose a team the heat, it is otherwise rarely, if ever, decisive. Over the rest of the course, a sleigh’s speed depends on its weight, aerodynamics, runners, the condition of the ice, and the skill of the pilot.

Race times are recorded in hundredths of seconds, so even seemingly minor errors – especially those at the beginning, which affect the remainder of the heat – can have a measurable impact on the final race standings.

The men’s and women’s standings for normal races are calculated over the aggregate of two runs or heats. At the Olympic Winter Games and World Championships, all competitions (for both men and women) consist of four heats.

Olympic medal table[edit]

Safety[edit]

Brain trauma[edit]

Sledding at a competitive level involves sledders repeatedly subjecting themselves to high-G forces and multiple small collisions of their head into their helmet as sharp turns are taken. Additionally, when mistakes happen and the sled crashes, there are no «seatbelts» or other protections; the sledders can simply be falling down the course at high speed with their helmet grinding along the surface or bouncing off the interior of the sled. One sledder described his experience during crashes as being equivalent to his head being inside a jet engine.^[9] Even ignoring crashes, repetitive shaking from small imperfections in the course is hypothesized to cause small tears in the brain, especially if performed repeatedly.^[10] The culture of competitive bobsledders (especially before this danger was recognized) also made injured participants hesitant to speak up and request breaks, fearful of being dropped from the team.^[10] Bobsledders who train frequently have reported issues such as chronic headaches, a heightened sensitivity to bright lights and loud noises, forgetfulness, a «mental fog», and psychological problems. Repeated mild brain trauma has caused issues for boxers, rugby players, and football players with chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and fears have arisen that bobsledding carries a similar danger, at least with the steeper and faster courses used in competitions.^[9] A brain scan of one bobsledder, Christina Smith, revealed damage to the rear and frontal lobes, consistent with micro-tears in the brain’s white matter.^[9]

A significant number of athletes have either committed suicide or died of drug overdoses. Examples include medal-winning bobsledders Eugenio Monti and Pavle Jovanovic, who committed suicide; Steven Holcomb died of an overdose. Since 2013, three North American former bobsledders have taken their lives, another attempted it, and two others died of overdoses; this is far over expectation of the group from chance, as only a few hundred athletes participate seriously in bobsled and other sliding sports such as luge and skeleton at any one time.^[10]

Fatal incidents[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2010)

No	Competitor	Year	Track	Section	Race	Event	Vehicle
	Jules van Bylandt	1907	Cresta Run		Practice run		skeleton
	Oberüberl	1911			Practice run		5-man sled
	Karl Gerloff	1933	Oberhof		Practice run		4-man sled
	Rudolf Gerloff	1933	Oberhof		Practice run		4-man sled
	Reto Capadrutt	1939	Cortina d’Ampezzo		Practice run	World Championships 1939	4-man sled
	Max Houben	1949	Lake Placid	Shady corner	Practice run	World Championships 1949	2-man sled
	Felix Endrich	1953	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	Bayernkurve	Practice run	World Championships 1953	4-man sled
	Sergio Zardini	1966	Lake Placid	Zig-Zag Curves	Practice run		4-man sled
	Toni Pensperger	1966	Cortina d’Ampezzo		Practice run	World Championships 1966	4-man sled
	Josef Schnellneger	1970	Königssee		Practice run	Austria-Cup	2-man sled
	Luis López	1971	Cervinia		Practice run	World Championships 1971	2-man sled
	Giuseppe Soravia[11]	1980	Igls	Finish	Practice run		4-man sled
	James Morgan[11]	1981	Cortina d’Ampezzo	Finish	3rd heat	World Championships 1981	4-man sled
	Imants Karlsons [11]	1982	Igls		Training session	Training	2-man sled
	Daniel Oaida[11]	1989	Altenberg	Curve 4	Training session	Training	4-man sled
41	Peter Förster	1990	Altenberg	Finish	Training session	Training	2-man sled
42	Yvonne Cernota[12][13]	2004	Königssee	Echowand	Training session	Training	2-woman sled

See also[edit]

• Luge
• Cool Runnings
• List of Bobsleigh World Cup champions

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Media related to Bobsleigh at Wikimedia Commons