Как пишется mojang

Mojang Studios^[1] (от швед. mojäng [mʊˈjɛŋː] муйен — «гаджет», «устройство») — это компания-разработчик инди-игр, ответственная за создание и развитие Minecraft. Штаб-квартира расположена в Швеции, Стокгольме.

15-го сентября 2014 Mojang была приобретена компанией Microsoft, а 6 ноября 2014 стала частью Microsoft Studios. После продажи Mojang, Маркус Перссон (Notch), Якоб Порсер (JahKob) и Карл Маннех заявили о уходе из Mojang.

17 мая 2020 года произошёл ребрендинг компании, она была переименована в Mojang Studios. До ребрендинга компания называлась Mojang AB, а ещё раньше была известна как Mojang Specifications.

В настоящее время Mojang Studios насчитывает 128 сотрудников.^[2]

Сотрудники

Внимание! На этом изображении изображены не все разработчики!

Текущие сотрудники

Сотрудники по контракту

Бывшие сотрудники

Остальные игры

Scrolls

Scrolls — ещё одна игра Mojang Studios, которая была задумана и разработана JahKob’ом^[5]. Она была анонсирована 2 марта 2011^[6], игра стремится объединить элементы из традиционных карточных игр и традиционных настольных игр в жанр стратегии. Неизвестно, кто ещё из Mojang Studios работает над Scrolls, однако Нотч заявил, что он по-прежнему всё своё время посвящает Minecraft.^[7] В августе 2011, юристы ZeniMax Media пригрозили Mojang судебным иском, обвиняя их в том, что название «Scrolls» нарушает товарный знак The Elder Scrolls — серии RPG-игр опубликованных Bethesda Softworks (дочерняя компания ZeniMax Media). В середине октября 2011 года, судебное дело выиграла Mojang^[8]. Один сотрудник сказал, что «Суд посмотрел на это дело с нашей стороны — имя «Scrolls» остаётся». 3 июня 2013 года стартует ОБТ^[9]. Летом 2015 года Mojang объявила о закрытии Scrolls.

Cobalt

Cobalt — игра разработанная Oxeye Game Studio и изданная Mojang.

Cobalt — это экшн про «бег, прыжки, вращения, стрельбу, метание, танцы, взлом, полёты, скольжение, скалолазание, собирание предметов, уклонения, гонки, зарабатывание очков… и ещё там много-много вращений и поворотов!»

Cobalt написан на языке Lua, есть версии для Windows, Mac и Linux.^[10]

Галерея

• 

  Новый логотип Mojang Studios

• 

  Логотип Mojang до ребрендинга

• 

  Старый логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип поддержки Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип статуса Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип Mojira (Хранилище отчётов об ошибках Mojang AB).

• 

  Логотип Mojang AB во время поддержки однополых браков.

• 

  Логотип поддержки Mojang AB, использующийся на странице.

• 

  Нижний логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Старый нижний логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Первый логотип Mojang Specifications.

• 

  Логотип Mojang в более старых версиях Minecraft.

• 

  Нынешний логотип Mojang Studios в Minecraft

• 

  Логотип Mojang AB в 0x10c.

• 

  Mojang Team работает, чтобы доставить вам игры.

• 

  Сотрудники Mojang Studios в их Mojang одежде.

• 

  Обычный день в офисе.

• 

  Сотрудник Mojang.

• 

  Плащ Mojang.

• 

  Старый плащ Mojang.

• 

  Пятница в штабе

• 

  Обычный разработчик Minecraft.

• 

  Якоб в реальной жизни.

• 

  Нотч и его друг Якоб

• 

  Ещё один день в офисе.

• 

  Jeb в реальной жизни.

• 

  Junkboy в реальной жизни.

• 

  Тяжёлая работа в Mojang AB.

• 

  Трофейная стена Mojang AB.

• 

  Компания поддержки Mojang AB отдыхает в ямах с шарами.^[12]

Интересные факты

• «Mojang» на шведском пишется «Mojäng».
• С декабря 2011 Йенс Бергенстен (более известный для сообщества как Jeb) возглавляет разработку Minecraft.^[13]
• С 15 сентября 2014 года Mojang являются дочерней компанией Microsoft Studios.
• «Mojang» переводится как «штуковина».

Примечания

Mojang Studios^[1] (от швед. mojäng [mʊˈjɛŋː] муйен — «гаджет», «устройство») — это компания-разработчик инди-игр, ответственная за создание и развитие Minecraft. Штаб-квартира расположена в Швеции, Стокгольме.

15-го сентября 2014 Mojang была приобретена компанией Microsoft, а 6 ноября 2014 стала частью Microsoft Studios. После продажи Mojang, Маркус Перссон (Notch), Якоб Порсер (JahKob) и Карл Маннех заявили о уходе из Mojang.

17 мая 2020 года произошёл ребрендинг компании, она была переименована в Mojang Studios. До ребрендинга компания называлась Mojang AB, а ещё раньше была известна как Mojang Specifications.

В настоящее время Mojang Studios насчитывает 128 сотрудников.^[2]

Сотрудники

Внимание! На этом изображении изображены не все разработчики!

Текущие сотрудники

Сотрудники по контракту

Бывшие сотрудники

Остальные игры

Scrolls

Scrolls — ещё одна игра Mojang Studios, которая была задумана и разработана JahKob’ом^[5]. Она была анонсирована 2 марта 2011^[6], игра стремится объединить элементы из традиционных карточных игр и традиционных настольных игр в жанр стратегии. Неизвестно, кто ещё из Mojang Studios работает над Scrolls, однако Нотч заявил, что он по-прежнему всё своё время посвящает Minecraft.^[7] В августе 2011, юристы ZeniMax Media пригрозили Mojang судебным иском, обвиняя их в том, что название «Scrolls» нарушает товарный знак The Elder Scrolls — серии RPG-игр опубликованных Bethesda Softworks (дочерняя компания ZeniMax Media). В середине октября 2011 года, судебное дело выиграла Mojang^[8]. Один сотрудник сказал, что «Суд посмотрел на это дело с нашей стороны — имя «Scrolls» остаётся». 3 июня 2013 года стартует ОБТ^[9]. Летом 2015 года Mojang объявила о закрытии Scrolls.

Cobalt

Cobalt — игра разработанная Oxeye Game Studio и изданная Mojang.

Cobalt — это экшн про «бег, прыжки, вращения, стрельбу, метание, танцы, взлом, полёты, скольжение, скалолазание, собирание предметов, уклонения, гонки, зарабатывание очков… и ещё там много-много вращений и поворотов!» Cobalt написан на языке Lua, есть версии для Windows, Mac и Linux.^[10]

Галерея

• 

  Новый логотип Mojang Studios

• 

  Логотип Mojang до ребрендинга

• 

  Старый логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип поддержки Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип статуса Mojang AB.

• 

  Логотип Mojira (Хранилище отчётов об ошибках Mojang AB).

• 

  Логотип Mojang AB во время поддержки однополых браков.

• 

  Логотип поддержки Mojang AB, использующийся на странице.

• 

  Нижний логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Старый нижний логотип Mojang AB.

• 

  Первый логотип Mojang Specifications.

• 

  Логотип Mojang в более старых версиях Minecraft.

• 

  Нынешний логотип Mojang Studios в Minecraft

• 

  Логотип Mojang AB в 0x10c.

• 

  Mojang Team работает, чтобы доставить вам игры.

• 

  Сотрудники Mojang Studios в их Mojang одежде.

• 

  Обычный день в офисе.

• 

  Сотрудник Mojang.

• 

  Плащ Mojang.

• 

  Старый плащ Mojang.

• 

  Пятница в штабе

• 

  Обычный разработчик Minecraft.

• 

  Якоб в реальной жизни.

• 

  Нотч и его друг Якоб

• 

  Ещё один день в офисе.

• 

  Jeb в реальной жизни.

• 

  Junkboy в реальной жизни.

• 

  Тяжёлая работа в Mojang AB.

• 

  Трофейная стена Mojang AB.

• 

  Компания поддержки Mojang AB отдыхает в ямах с шарами.^[12]

Интересные факты

• «Mojang» на шведском пишется «Mojäng».
• С декабря 2011 Йенс Бергенстен (более известный для сообщества как Jeb) возглавляет разработку Minecraft.^[13]
• С 15 сентября 2014 года Mojang являются дочерней компанией Microsoft Studios.
• «Mojang» переводится как «штуковина».

Примечания

В данной статье используются материалы из статьи «Mojang Studios» с вики-сайта Minecraft Wiki, расположенного на Фэндоме, и они распространяются согласно лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0. Авторы статьи.

Время на прочтение
2 мин

Количество просмотров 26K

Студия Mojang, создатель Minecraft, сообщила о смене названия и логотипа в честь своего 11-летия. Кроме того, разработчики отчитались о продаже 200 млн копий Minecraft с момента запуска игры в 2011 году. Для сравнения, Grand Theft Auto V находится на втором месте с 120 млн проданных копий.

Как сообщили разработчики, отныне полное название студии — Mojang Studios. Обновлённый логотип обыгрывает слово mojang, которое в переводе со шведского обозначает «гаджет».

Студия сообщила, что в разработке у неё сегодня несколько проектов. Помимо Minecraft, разработчики занимаются играми Minecraft Earth и Minecraft Dungeons, которая должна выйти 26 мая.

Что касается Minecraft, то, по информации разработчиков, большая часть всплеска популярности игры пришлась на время пандемии коронавируса. В апреле число новых игроков, присоединившихся к игровому сообществу, выросло на 25%. В Minecraft ежемесячно играют 126 млн человек.

«Эти необыкновенные времена напоминают нам о важной роли, которую могут сыграть такие игры, как Minecraft, в укреплении социальных связей между людьми», — объявила Хелен Чианг руководитель студии.

Успех Minecraft, уверены в Mojang Studios, частично связан с его открытым миром, дающим игрокам возможность исследовать вселенную игры. Согласно данным, собранным Университетом Джона Хопкинса, Minecraft демонстрирует рост продаж в период вынужденной изоляции, как и многие другие видеоигры. За первый квартал 2020 года пользователи потратили $9,58 млрд на покупку игр, что на 11% больше, чем год назад. Рекордными продажами могут похвастаться, помимо Minecraft, такие игры, как Animal Crossing: New Horizons, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare, Doom Eternal, Dragon Ball Z: Kakarot, Fortnite, Grand Theft Auto V, MLB The Show 20 и NBA 2K20.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

«Mojang Specifications» redirects here. For the earlier company formerly named «Mojang Specifications AB», see Code Club AB.

Logo since 2020
Headquarters on Söder Mälarstrand 43, Stockholm, in 2022
Formerly	Mojang Specifications (2009–2010) Mojang AB (2010–2020)
Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Founded	2009; 14 years ago
Founder	Markus Persson
Headquarters	Stockholm , Sweden
Key people	Jonas Mårtensson (CEO) Helen Chiang (studio head)
Products	Minecraft series
Number of employees	≈600 (2021)
Parent	Xbox Game Studios (2014–present)

Mojang Studios^[a] is a Swedish video game developer based in Stockholm. The studio is best known for developing the sandbox and survival game Minecraft, the best-selling video game of all time.

Mojang Studios was founded by the independent video game designer Markus Persson in 2009 as Mojang Specifications for Minecraft‘s development. The studio inherited its name from another video game venture Persson had left two years prior. Following the game’s initial release, Persson, in conjunction with Jakob Porsér, incorporated the business as Mojang AB in late 2010, and they hired Carl Manneh as the company’s chief executive officer. Other early hires included Daniel Kaplan and Jens Bergensten. Minecraft became highly successful, giving Mojang sustained growth. With a desire to move on from the game, Persson offered to sell his share in Mojang, and the company was acquired by Microsoft in November 2014. Persson, Porsér, and Manneh subsequently left Mojang, with Jonas Mårtensson replacing Manneh. In May 2020, Mojang was rebranded as Mojang Studios.

As of 2021, the company employs approximately 600 people.^[4] Executives include chief executive officer Mårtensson and studio head Helen Chiang.^[5][6] Apart from Minecraft, Mojang Studios has developed Caller’s Bane, Crown and Council, and further games in the Minecraft franchise: Minecraft Dungeons, the upcoming Minecraft Legends, and the cancelled Minecraft Earth. It also released smaller games as part of game jams organised by Humble Bundle and published the externally developed Cobalt and Cobalt WASD.

History[edit]

Background and formation (2009–2010)[edit]

Mojang Studios was founded by Markus Persson, a Swedish independent video game designer and programmer, in 2009.^[7][8] He had gained interest in video games at an early age, playing The Bard’s Tale and several pirated games on his father’s Commodore 128 home computer, and learned to programme at age eight with help from his sister. Because he was a «loner» in school, he spent most of his spare time with games and programming at home.^[8] Following his graduation and a few years of working as a web developer, Persson created Wurm Online, a massively multiplayer online role-playing game, with colleague Rolf Jansson in 2003. They used the name «Mojang Specifications» during the development and, as the game started turning a profit, incorporated the company Mojang Specifications AB (an aktiebolag) in 2007. Persson left the project later that year and wished to reuse the name, so Jansson renamed the company Onetoofree AB and later Code Club AB.^[8][9][10] Meanwhile, Persson had joined Midas, later known as King.com, where he developed 25–30 games. He departed the company when he was barred from creating games in his free time.^[8]

In May 2009, Persson began working on a clone of Infiniminer, a game developed by Zachtronics and released earlier that year. Persson reused assets and parts of the engine code from an earlier personal project and released the first alpha version of the game, now titled Minecraft, on 17 May 2009, followed by the first commercial version on 13 June 2009. He reused the name «Mojang Specifications» for this release.^[7][11] In less than a month, Minecraft had generated enough revenue for Persson to take time off his day job, which he was able to quit entirely by May 2010.^[7] As all sales were processed through the game’s website, he did not have to split income with third parties.^[12] The payment services provider PayPal temporarily disabled his account when it suspected fraud.^[8]

In September 2010, Persson travelled to Bellevue, Washington, to the offices of video game company Valve, where he took part in a programming exercise and met with Gabe Newell, before being offered a job at the company.^[13] He turned down the offer and instead contacted Jakob Porsér, a former colleague from King.com, to ask for aid in establishing a business out of Mojang Specifications. In response, Porsér stated that he would quit his job the following day, and they subsequently incorporated Mojang AB.^[7][8][14] While Persson continued working on Minecraft, Porsér would develop Scrolls, a digital collectable card game.^[15][16] Wishing to focus on game development, they hired Carl Manneh, the manager of jAlbum, Persson’s previous employer, as chief executive officer. Other significant early hires included Daniel Kaplan as business developer, Markus Toivonen as an art director, and Jens Bergensten as lead programmer.^[7]

Continued growth (2011–2013)[edit]

In January 2011, Minecraft reached one million registered accounts and ten million six months thereafter. The continued success led Mojang to start the development of a new version for mobile devices. Due to the incompatibility of the game’s Java-based framework with mobile devices, this version was programmed in C++ instead. Another version, initially developed for Xbox 360, was outsourced to Scotland-based developer 4J Studios, which also used C++.^[7] Scrolls was announced by Mojang in March 2011.^[16] The studio’s attempt to trademark the game’s name resulted in a dispute with ZeniMax Media, which cited similarities between the game’s name and that of the ZeniMax-owned The Elder Scrolls series.^[17] Kaplan stated in May 2011 that, due to many such requests in the past, Mojang was planning to publish or co-publish games from other indie game studios.^[18] Its first, Cobalt from Oxeye Game Studio, was announced in August.^[19] An early version of the game was made available in December 2011, with the full game released in February 2016 for Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Windows.^[20][21] A multiplayer-focused spin-off, Cobalt WASD, was also developed by Oxeye Game Studio and released by Mojang for Windows in November 2017 after some time in early access.^[22][23]

For the full release of Minecraft, Mojang held Minecon, a dedicated convention event, in Las Vegas on 18–19 November 2011, with Minecraft formally being released during a presentation on the first day.^[7][24] Thereafter, Minecon was turned into an annual event.^[25] Following Minecraft‘s full release, Persson transferred his role as lead designer for the game to Bergensten in December 2011.^[15]

Around this time, Manneh had discussion with a plethora of venture capital firms, including Sequoia Capital and Accel Partners, but turned all of them down as the company did not require any funds.^[26] Sean Parker, the co-founder of Napster and former president of Facebook, Inc., offered to privately invest in Mojang in 2011 but was turned down as well.^[8][27] At the time, the studio ruled out being sold or becoming a public company to maintain its independence, which was said to have heavily contributed to Minecraft‘s success.^[2][14] By March 2012, Minecraft had sold five million copies, amounting to US$80 million in revenue.^[27] In November, Mojang had 25 employees, and total revenues of $237.7 million in 2012.^[14][28] In 2013, it released an education-focused version of Minecraft for Raspberry Pi devices, and—after the exclusivity clause penned with Microsoft over the availability of the game’s console edition on Microsoft’s platforms had expired—announced editions of the game for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita.^[7] In October 2013, Jonas Mårtensson, formerly of gambling company Betsson, was hired as Mojang’s vice-president.^[29] That year, Mojang recorded revenues of $330 million, of which $129 million were profit.^[12]

Microsoft subsidiary (2014–present)[edit]

Persson, exhausted from the pressure of being the owner of Minecraft, published a tweet in June 2014, asking whether anyone would be willing to buy his share in Mojang. Several parties expressed interest in this offer, including Activision Blizzard, Electronic Arts, and Microsoft.^[7] Phil Spencer, the head of Microsoft’s Xbox division, urged Microsoft’s newly appointed chief executive Satya Nadella to purchase Mojang to set out «a pretty bold vision» for Microsoft’s gaming business.^[30] Furthermore, the company had $2.5 billion in offshore bank accounts that it could not bring back to the United States without paying repatriation taxes.^[26] Nadella separately stated the possible use of Minecraft with the HoloLens, Microsoft’s mixed reality device, to have been a major factor in pursuing the acquisition.^[31] The company first approached Mojang regarding a potential acquisition in June 2014, making its first offer shortly thereafter. Mojang subsequently hired advisers from JPMorgan Chase.^[32][33]

Microsoft’s agreement to purchase Mojang for $2.5 billion was announced on 15 September 2014.^[34] Persson, Porsér and Manneh were the only shareholders at this time, of whom Persson owned 71% of shares.^[26][35] The acquisition was finalised on 6 November and Mojang became part of the Microsoft Studios branch.^[35][36] As part of the transaction, Persson received $1.8 billion, while Porsér and Manneh got $300 million and $100 million, respectively.^[26][32] All three subsequently left Mojang and Mårtensson succeeded Manneh.^[7][37] Every employee who remained with the company for six months thereafter was awarded a bonus of roughly $300,000 (after taxes), deducted from Persson’s share.^[26][38] Under the oversight of Microsoft’s Matt Booty, Mojang’s integration was minimal, leaving its operations independent but backed by Microsoft’s financial and technical capabilities. The approach shaped how Microsoft would acquire other gaming companies.^[6]

Scrolls was released out-of-beta in December 2014 and development of further content ceased in 2015.^[39][40] Also in December 2014, Mojang and Telltale Games jointly announced a partnership in which the latter would develop Minecraft: Story Mode, an episodic, narrative-driven game set in the Minecraft universe.^[41] In April 2016, Mojang released Crown and Council, a game entirely developed by artist Henrik Pettersson (who had been hired in August 2011), for free for Windows.^[43] An update in January 2017 introduced Linux and macOS versions.^[44] Mojang discontinued support for Scrolls‘ online services in February 2018 and re-released the game under a free-to-play model and with the name Caller’s Bane in June.^[40][45] Aiming to expand the Minecraft franchise with further games, Mojang developed two spin-offs: Minecraft Dungeons, a dungeon crawler, and Minecraft Earth, an augmented reality game in the vein of Pokémon Go. They were announced in September 2018 and May 2019, respectively.^[46][47]

Minecraft Classic, the original browser-based version of Minecraft, was re-released for free on its ten-year anniversary in May 2019.^[48] By this time, Minecraft had sold 147 million copies, making it the best-selling video game of all time.^[49] Persson was explicitly excluded from the anniversary’s festivities due to several controversial statements of his involving transphobia and other issues; an update for Minecraft released the March before also removed several references to Persson.^[50] On 17 May 2020, Minecraft‘s eleventh anniversary, Mojang announced its rebranding to Mojang Studios, aiming to reflect its multi-studio structure, and introduced a new logo.^[51][52] Minecraft Dungeons was released later that month for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.^[53] In June 2022, the studio announced the action-strategy game Minecraft Legends.

Games developed[edit]

Game jam games[edit]

Mojang partnered with Humble Bundle in 2012 to launch Mojam, a game jam event to raise money for charity, as part of which Mojang developed the shoot ’em up mini-game Catacomb Snatch. 81,575 bundles including the game were sold, raising $458,248.99.^[56] The following year, Mojang developed three mini-games for Mojam 2.^[57] The studio also participated in Humble Bundle’s Games Against Ebola game jam in 2014 with three further mini-games.^[58]

Unreleased games[edit]

In 2011, Persson and Kaplan envisioned a hybrid of Minecraft and Lego bricks and agreed with the Lego Group to develop the game as Brickcraft, codenamed Rex Kwon Do (in reference to the film Napoleon Dynamite).^[63] The game has also been described as a first-person shooter.^[64][65] Mojang hired two new programmers to work on the game, while a prototype was created by Persson. However, Mojang cancelled the project after six months.^[63] Upon announcing the cancellation in July 2012, Persson stated that the move was performed so that Mojang could focus on the games it wholly owned.^[65] Daniel Mathiasen, a Lego Group employee at the time, later blamed the cancellation on a series of legal hurdles that the Lego Group had put in place to protect the product’s family-friendly image. Kaplan lamented that the staff at Mojang had felt more like consultants on the project, rather than its designers. The Lego Group also considered acquiring Mojang at this point but later decided against doing so as they had not foreseen that Minecraft would become as popular as it would at one point be.^[63]

In March 2012, Persson revealed that he would be designing a sandbox space trading and combat simulator in the likes of Elite.^[66] Titled 0x10^c, it was to be set in the year 281,474,976,712,644 AD in a parallel universe.^[67][68] The project was shelved by August 2013, with Persson citing a lack of interest and a creative block.^[15][69] Minecraft Earth was made available as an early-access game in November 2019 for Android and iOS.^[70] In January 2021, it was announced that the game would be withdrawn from sale in June that year, with all player data deleted in July. Mojang Studios cited the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as primary reason for the game’s closure, as its effects conflicted with the game’s concept.^[71]

Games published[edit]

Legal disputes[edit]

Scrolls naming dispute[edit]

In August 2011, after Mojang had attempted to trademark the word «Scrolls» for their game, ZeniMax Media, the parent company of The Elder Scrolls publisher Bethesda Softworks, issued a cease and desist letter, claiming that Scrolls infringed on ZeniMax’s «The Elder Scrolls» trademark, that Mojang could not use the name, and that ZeniMax would sue the studio over the word’s usage.^[17][72] Persson offered to give up the trademark and add a subtitle to Scrolls‘ name, however, as Mojang ignored the cease and desist letter, ZeniMax filed the lawsuit in September.^[17][73][74] Bethesda’s Pete Hines stated that Bethesda was not responsible for the lawsuit, rather the issue was centred around «lawyers who understand it».^[75][76] Mojang won an interim injunction in October, the ruling being that Scrolls and The Elder Scrolls were too easy to differentiate, though ZeniMax could still appeal the ruling.^[77][78] In March 2012, Mojang and ZeniMax settled, with all «Scrolls» trademarks and trademark applications being transferred to ZeniMax, who would in turn licence the name to Mojang for use with Scrolls and add-on content, but not for sequels or any other games with similar names.^[79][80]

Uniloc USA, Inc. et al v. Mojang AB[edit]

On 20 July 2012, Uniloc, a company specialising in digital rights management technologies, filed a lawsuit against Mojang, stating that the licence verification system in Minecraft‘s Android version infringed on one of Uniloc’s patents.^[81][82] The case was Uniloc USA, Inc. et al v. Mojang AB and was filed with the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas.^[83] In response to hate mail, Uniloc founder Ric Richardson denied his involvement, claiming to have only filed the patent.^[84] The patent was invalidated in March 2016.^[85]

Putt-Putt cease and desist[edit]

In July 2013, the minigolf chain Putt-Putt issued a cease and desist letter against Mojang and Don Mattrick (who was previously affiliated with Minecraft‘s Xbox 360 version but had since joined Zynga), alleging that they infringed on its «Putt-Putt» trademark. Attached to the letter, which Persson shared on Twitter, was a Google Search screenshot showing videos of user-created maps using the name. Alex Chapman, Mojang’s lawyer, stated «I think there is clearly a misunderstanding here as to what Minecraft actually is. It’s a game that, amongst other things, allows people to build things. Mojang doesn’t control what users build and Mojang doesn’t control the content of the videos users make. Suing Mojang for what people do using Minecraft is like suing Microsoft for what people do using Word.»^[86][87]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Media related to Mojang AB at Wikimedia Commons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

«Mojang Specifications» redirects here. For the earlier company formerly named «Mojang Specifications AB», see Code Club AB.

Logo since 2020
Headquarters on Söder Mälarstrand 43, Stockholm, in 2022
Formerly	Mojang Specifications (2009–2010) Mojang AB (2010–2020)
Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Founded	2009; 14 years ago
Founder	Markus Persson
Headquarters	Stockholm , Sweden
Key people	Jonas Mårtensson (CEO) Helen Chiang (studio head)
Products	Minecraft series
Number of employees	≈600 (2021)
Parent	Xbox Game Studios (2014–present)

Mojang Studios^[a] is a Swedish video game developer based in Stockholm. The studio is best known for developing the sandbox and survival game Minecraft, the best-selling video game of all time.

Mojang Studios was founded by the independent video game designer Markus Persson in 2009 as Mojang Specifications for Minecraft‘s development. The studio inherited its name from another video game venture Persson had left two years prior. Following the game’s initial release, Persson, in conjunction with Jakob Porsér, incorporated the business as Mojang AB in late 2010, and they hired Carl Manneh as the company’s chief executive officer. Other early hires included Daniel Kaplan and Jens Bergensten. Minecraft became highly successful, giving Mojang sustained growth. With a desire to move on from the game, Persson offered to sell his share in Mojang, and the company was acquired by Microsoft in November 2014. Persson, Porsér, and Manneh subsequently left Mojang, with Jonas Mårtensson replacing Manneh. In May 2020, Mojang was rebranded as Mojang Studios.

As of 2021, the company employs approximately 600 people.^[4] Executives include chief executive officer Mårtensson and studio head Helen Chiang.^[5][6] Apart from Minecraft, Mojang Studios has developed Caller’s Bane, Crown and Council, and further games in the Minecraft franchise: Minecraft Dungeons, the upcoming Minecraft Legends, and the cancelled Minecraft Earth. It also released smaller games as part of game jams organised by Humble Bundle and published the externally developed Cobalt and Cobalt WASD.

History[edit]

Background and formation (2009–2010)[edit]

Mojang Studios was founded by Markus Persson, a Swedish independent video game designer and programmer, in 2009.^[7][8] He had gained interest in video games at an early age, playing The Bard’s Tale and several pirated games on his father’s Commodore 128 home computer, and learned to programme at age eight with help from his sister. Because he was a «loner» in school, he spent most of his spare time with games and programming at home.^[8] Following his graduation and a few years of working as a web developer, Persson created Wurm Online, a massively multiplayer online role-playing game, with colleague Rolf Jansson in 2003. They used the name «Mojang Specifications» during the development and, as the game started turning a profit, incorporated the company Mojang Specifications AB (an aktiebolag) in 2007. Persson left the project later that year and wished to reuse the name, so Jansson renamed the company Onetoofree AB and later Code Club AB.^[8][9][10] Meanwhile, Persson had joined Midas, later known as King.com, where he developed 25–30 games. He departed the company when he was barred from creating games in his free time.^[8]

In May 2009, Persson began working on a clone of Infiniminer, a game developed by Zachtronics and released earlier that year. Persson reused assets and parts of the engine code from an earlier personal project and released the first alpha version of the game, now titled Minecraft, on 17 May 2009, followed by the first commercial version on 13 June 2009. He reused the name «Mojang Specifications» for this release.^[7][11] In less than a month, Minecraft had generated enough revenue for Persson to take time off his day job, which he was able to quit entirely by May 2010.^[7] As all sales were processed through the game’s website, he did not have to split income with third parties.^[12] The payment services provider PayPal temporarily disabled his account when it suspected fraud.^[8]

In September 2010, Persson travelled to Bellevue, Washington, to the offices of video game company Valve, where he took part in a programming exercise and met with Gabe Newell, before being offered a job at the company.^[13] He turned down the offer and instead contacted Jakob Porsér, a former colleague from King.com, to ask for aid in establishing a business out of Mojang Specifications. In response, Porsér stated that he would quit his job the following day, and they subsequently incorporated Mojang AB.^[7][8][14] While Persson continued working on Minecraft, Porsér would develop Scrolls, a digital collectable card game.^[15][16] Wishing to focus on game development, they hired Carl Manneh, the manager of jAlbum, Persson’s previous employer, as chief executive officer. Other significant early hires included Daniel Kaplan as business developer, Markus Toivonen as an art director, and Jens Bergensten as lead programmer.^[7]

Continued growth (2011–2013)[edit]

In January 2011, Minecraft reached one million registered accounts and ten million six months thereafter. The continued success led Mojang to start the development of a new version for mobile devices. Due to the incompatibility of the game’s Java-based framework with mobile devices, this version was programmed in C++ instead. Another version, initially developed for Xbox 360, was outsourced to Scotland-based developer 4J Studios, which also used C++.^[7] Scrolls was announced by Mojang in March 2011.^[16] The studio’s attempt to trademark the game’s name resulted in a dispute with ZeniMax Media, which cited similarities between the game’s name and that of the ZeniMax-owned The Elder Scrolls series.^[17] Kaplan stated in May 2011 that, due to many such requests in the past, Mojang was planning to publish or co-publish games from other indie game studios.^[18] Its first, Cobalt from Oxeye Game Studio, was announced in August.^[19] An early version of the game was made available in December 2011, with the full game released in February 2016 for Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Windows.^[20][21] A multiplayer-focused spin-off, Cobalt WASD, was also developed by Oxeye Game Studio and released by Mojang for Windows in November 2017 after some time in early access.^[22][23]

For the full release of Minecraft, Mojang held Minecon, a dedicated convention event, in Las Vegas on 18–19 November 2011, with Minecraft formally being released during a presentation on the first day.^[7][24] Thereafter, Minecon was turned into an annual event.^[25] Following Minecraft‘s full release, Persson transferred his role as lead designer for the game to Bergensten in December 2011.^[15]

Around this time, Manneh had discussion with a plethora of venture capital firms, including Sequoia Capital and Accel Partners, but turned all of them down as the company did not require any funds.^[26] Sean Parker, the co-founder of Napster and former president of Facebook, Inc., offered to privately invest in Mojang in 2011 but was turned down as well.^[8][27] At the time, the studio ruled out being sold or becoming a public company to maintain its independence, which was said to have heavily contributed to Minecraft‘s success.^[2][14] By March 2012, Minecraft had sold five million copies, amounting to US$80 million in revenue.^[27] In November, Mojang had 25 employees, and total revenues of $237.7 million in 2012.^[14][28] In 2013, it released an education-focused version of Minecraft for Raspberry Pi devices, and—after the exclusivity clause penned with Microsoft over the availability of the game’s console edition on Microsoft’s platforms had expired—announced editions of the game for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita.^[7] In October 2013, Jonas Mårtensson, formerly of gambling company Betsson, was hired as Mojang’s vice-president.^[29] That year, Mojang recorded revenues of $330 million, of which $129 million were profit.^[12]

Microsoft subsidiary (2014–present)[edit]

Persson, exhausted from the pressure of being the owner of Minecraft, published a tweet in June 2014, asking whether anyone would be willing to buy his share in Mojang. Several parties expressed interest in this offer, including Activision Blizzard, Electronic Arts, and Microsoft.^[7] Phil Spencer, the head of Microsoft’s Xbox division, urged Microsoft’s newly appointed chief executive Satya Nadella to purchase Mojang to set out «a pretty bold vision» for Microsoft’s gaming business.^[30] Furthermore, the company had $2.5 billion in offshore bank accounts that it could not bring back to the United States without paying repatriation taxes.^[26] Nadella separately stated the possible use of Minecraft with the HoloLens, Microsoft’s mixed reality device, to have been a major factor in pursuing the acquisition.^[31] The company first approached Mojang regarding a potential acquisition in June 2014, making its first offer shortly thereafter. Mojang subsequently hired advisers from JPMorgan Chase.^[32][33]

Microsoft’s agreement to purchase Mojang for $2.5 billion was announced on 15 September 2014.^[34] Persson, Porsér and Manneh were the only shareholders at this time, of whom Persson owned 71% of shares.^[26][35] The acquisition was finalised on 6 November and Mojang became part of the Microsoft Studios branch.^[35][36] As part of the transaction, Persson received $1.8 billion, while Porsér and Manneh got $300 million and $100 million, respectively.^[26][32] All three subsequently left Mojang and Mårtensson succeeded Manneh.^[7][37] Every employee who remained with the company for six months thereafter was awarded a bonus of roughly $300,000 (after taxes), deducted from Persson’s share.^[26][38] Under the oversight of Microsoft’s Matt Booty, Mojang’s integration was minimal, leaving its operations independent but backed by Microsoft’s financial and technical capabilities. The approach shaped how Microsoft would acquire other gaming companies.^[6]

Scrolls was released out-of-beta in December 2014 and development of further content ceased in 2015.^[39][40] Also in December 2014, Mojang and Telltale Games jointly announced a partnership in which the latter would develop Minecraft: Story Mode, an episodic, narrative-driven game set in the Minecraft universe.^[41] In April 2016, Mojang released Crown and Council, a game entirely developed by artist Henrik Pettersson (who had been hired in August 2011), for free for Windows.^[43] An update in January 2017 introduced Linux and macOS versions.^[44] Mojang discontinued support for Scrolls‘ online services in February 2018 and re-released the game under a free-to-play model and with the name Caller’s Bane in June.^[40][45] Aiming to expand the Minecraft franchise with further games, Mojang developed two spin-offs: Minecraft Dungeons, a dungeon crawler, and Minecraft Earth, an augmented reality game in the vein of Pokémon Go. They were announced in September 2018 and May 2019, respectively.^[46][47]

Minecraft Classic, the original browser-based version of Minecraft, was re-released for free on its ten-year anniversary in May 2019.^[48] By this time, Minecraft had sold 147 million copies, making it the best-selling video game of all time.^[49] Persson was explicitly excluded from the anniversary’s festivities due to several controversial statements of his involving transphobia and other issues; an update for Minecraft released the March before also removed several references to Persson.^[50] On 17 May 2020, Minecraft‘s eleventh anniversary, Mojang announced its rebranding to Mojang Studios, aiming to reflect its multi-studio structure, and introduced a new logo.^[51][52] Minecraft Dungeons was released later that month for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.^[53] In June 2022, the studio announced the action-strategy game Minecraft Legends.

Games developed[edit]

Game jam games[edit]

Mojang partnered with Humble Bundle in 2012 to launch Mojam, a game jam event to raise money for charity, as part of which Mojang developed the shoot ’em up mini-game Catacomb Snatch. 81,575 bundles including the game were sold, raising $458,248.99.^[56] The following year, Mojang developed three mini-games for Mojam 2.^[57] The studio also participated in Humble Bundle’s Games Against Ebola game jam in 2014 with three further mini-games.^[58]

Unreleased games[edit]

In 2011, Persson and Kaplan envisioned a hybrid of Minecraft and Lego bricks and agreed with the Lego Group to develop the game as Brickcraft, codenamed Rex Kwon Do (in reference to the film Napoleon Dynamite).^[63] The game has also been described as a first-person shooter.^[64][65] Mojang hired two new programmers to work on the game, while a prototype was created by Persson. However, Mojang cancelled the project after six months.^[63] Upon announcing the cancellation in July 2012, Persson stated that the move was performed so that Mojang could focus on the games it wholly owned.^[65] Daniel Mathiasen, a Lego Group employee at the time, later blamed the cancellation on a series of legal hurdles that the Lego Group had put in place to protect the product’s family-friendly image. Kaplan lamented that the staff at Mojang had felt more like consultants on the project, rather than its designers. The Lego Group also considered acquiring Mojang at this point but later decided against doing so as they had not foreseen that Minecraft would become as popular as it would at one point be.^[63]

In March 2012, Persson revealed that he would be designing a sandbox space trading and combat simulator in the likes of Elite.^[66] Titled 0x10^c, it was to be set in the year 281,474,976,712,644 AD in a parallel universe.^[67][68] The project was shelved by August 2013, with Persson citing a lack of interest and a creative block.^[15][69] Minecraft Earth was made available as an early-access game in November 2019 for Android and iOS.^[70] In January 2021, it was announced that the game would be withdrawn from sale in June that year, with all player data deleted in July. Mojang Studios cited the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as primary reason for the game’s closure, as its effects conflicted with the game’s concept.^[71]

Games published[edit]

Legal disputes[edit]

Scrolls naming dispute[edit]

In August 2011, after Mojang had attempted to trademark the word «Scrolls» for their game, ZeniMax Media, the parent company of The Elder Scrolls publisher Bethesda Softworks, issued a cease and desist letter, claiming that Scrolls infringed on ZeniMax’s «The Elder Scrolls» trademark, that Mojang could not use the name, and that ZeniMax would sue the studio over the word’s usage.^[17][72] Persson offered to give up the trademark and add a subtitle to Scrolls‘ name, however, as Mojang ignored the cease and desist letter, ZeniMax filed the lawsuit in September.^[17][73][74] Bethesda’s Pete Hines stated that Bethesda was not responsible for the lawsuit, rather the issue was centred around «lawyers who understand it».^[75][76] Mojang won an interim injunction in October, the ruling being that Scrolls and The Elder Scrolls were too easy to differentiate, though ZeniMax could still appeal the ruling.^[77][78] In March 2012, Mojang and ZeniMax settled, with all «Scrolls» trademarks and trademark applications being transferred to ZeniMax, who would in turn licence the name to Mojang for use with Scrolls and add-on content, but not for sequels or any other games with similar names.^[79][80]

Uniloc USA, Inc. et al v. Mojang AB[edit]

On 20 July 2012, Uniloc, a company specialising in digital rights management technologies, filed a lawsuit against Mojang, stating that the licence verification system in Minecraft‘s Android version infringed on one of Uniloc’s patents.^[81][82] The case was Uniloc USA, Inc. et al v. Mojang AB and was filed with the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas.^[83] In response to hate mail, Uniloc founder Ric Richardson denied his involvement, claiming to have only filed the patent.^[84] The patent was invalidated in March 2016.^[85]

Putt-Putt cease and desist[edit]

In July 2013, the minigolf chain Putt-Putt issued a cease and desist letter against Mojang and Don Mattrick (who was previously affiliated with Minecraft‘s Xbox 360 version but had since joined Zynga), alleging that they infringed on its «Putt-Putt» trademark. Attached to the letter, which Persson shared on Twitter, was a Google Search screenshot showing videos of user-created maps using the name. Alex Chapman, Mojang’s lawyer, stated «I think there is clearly a misunderstanding here as to what Minecraft actually is. It’s a game that, amongst other things, allows people to build things. Mojang doesn’t control what users build and Mojang doesn’t control the content of the videos users make. Suing Mojang for what people do using Minecraft is like suing Microsoft for what people do using Word.»^[86][87]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Media related to Mojang AB at Wikimedia Commons