Как пишется рапунцель на английском языке

Rapunzel
Tangled character
Rapunzel as she appears in Tangled (2010).
First appearance	Tangled (2010)
Adapted by	Glen Keane
Portrayed by	Elisha Ainsley (Tangled: The Musical)
Voiced by	Mandy Moore Delaney Rose Stein (young) (Tangled) Ivy George (young) (Tangled: The Series) Kelsey Lansdowne (Kingdom Hearts III)[1]
Based on	Rapunzel from the Brothers Grimm’s fairy tale
In-universe information
Title	Princess of Corona
Affiliation	Disney Princesses
Family	King Frederic (father) Queen Arianna (mother) Mother Gothel (abductor and acting mother)
Spouse	Eugene «Flynn Rider» Fitzherbert
Relatives	Willow (maternal aunt) King Edmund (father-in-law)
Nationality	Kingdom of Corona
Pet(s)	Pascal and Maximus

Rapunzel is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios’ 50th animated feature film Tangled (2010). Voiced by American actress and singer Mandy Moore, Rapunzel is a young princess kept unaware of her royal heritage by a vain old woman named Mother Gothel, who raises her in a secluded tower to exploit her hair’s healing abilities to remain young and beautiful forever.

Created and animated by supervising animator Glen Keane, Rapunzel is loosely based on the title character of the fairy tale of the same name published by the Brothers Grimm. The character was adapted into a less passive heroine for the film.

Critical reception of Rapunzel has been generally positive, with critics complimenting her spirited, lively personality and independence. The tenth Disney Princess, Rapunzel was officially inducted into the line-up on October 2, 2011, becoming the franchise’s first computer-animated member and the first European princess in 20 years, the last being Belle from Beauty and the Beast (1991). Her appearance and personality have drawn much comparison between her and one of the preceding Disney Princesses, Ariel from The Little Mermaid (1989), by whom she was inspired.

Development[edit]

Conception and writing[edit]

Longtime Disney animator Glen Keane first decided to adapt the fairy tale «Rapunzel» by the Brothers Grimm into an animated feature film in 1996.^[2][3] Keane became interested in the idea of directing an animated film based on «Rapunzel» because he was especially intrigued by the concept of a «person that was born with this gift inside of her and it had to come out», which he felt was similar to his experience working as an animator at Walt Disney Animation Studios.^[4] Keane eventually resigned from his position as director after suffering a heart attack in 2008,^[5][6] and Nathan Greno and Byron Howard were hired to replace him. However, Keane remained closely involved with the project nonetheless, serving as both the film’s executive producer and Rapunzel’s supervising animator.^[7]

«The development of a character for me is a very personal journey. For me the joy of creating a character that I believe is real is at the heart of creating a memorable character. I use people I know as inspiration. It’s a very intimate personal process and I will do hundreds, sometimes thousands, of drawings in finding that design. There is a great “aha» moment when I finally recognize the character on my paper as someone I know.»

— Keane, on the process of creating Rapunzel.[8]

Walt Disney first attempted to adapt «Rapunzel» into an animated film soon after the studio released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in 1937, but the project was ultimately abandoned when the story turned out to be «a really hard nut to crack». According to Keane, this was mainly due to the fact that the majority of the fairy tale takes place within a tower. To overcome this, Tangled‘s writers were forced to develop a way of «bringing Rapunzel out of the tower».^[2] Originally, the film was conceived under the title Rapunzel Unbraided,^[9] which Keane described as «a Shrek-like version of the film»^[10] that revolved around an entirely different concept. Keane said of the original plot, «It was a fun, wonderful, witty version and we had a couple of great writers. But in my heart of hearts I believed there was something much more sincere and genuine to get out of the story, so we set it aside and went back to the roots of the original fairy tale.»^[6]

An interview with actress Kristin Chenoweth, who was originally cast as Rapunzel, reveals that at some point Rapunzel was intended to be a squirrel.^[11] As directors, Greno and Howard felt it essential that Rapunzel resemble a less «passive» heroine than the way she is depicted in the original fairy tale. «We knew we were making this movie for a contemporary audience and we wanted Rapunzel to be a real role model in a way. We wanted all this girl power and to really drive this story, so she doesn’t wait around for anything … she’s a smart girl, she has these hopes and dreams and she’s going to get what she wants out of life.»^[12] Tangled‘s production was surrounded by rumors that it would be Disney’s last princess film.^[13]

Voice[edit]

In 2004, actress and singer Kristin Chenoweth was originally cast as the voice of Rapunzel while the film was still titled Rapunzel Unbraided under Keane’s direction.^[11] Chenoweth, who had already begun recording dialogue for the role, said of her character at the time, «I am Rapunzel, but Rapunzel is a squirrel … and I’m going to let down my tail.»^[11] At one point, Disney had been considering casting actress Reese Witherspoon as Rapunzel.^[14][15] Some media outlets reported that Chenoweth and Witherspoon would actually be sharing the title role,^[16] while The Guardian reported that Witherspoon would actually be voicing «a modern girl who gate-crashes Rapunzel’s fairytale world.»^[17] Additionally, Witherspoon was also intended to serve as an executive producer on the film, a position the studio had offered to her hoping this would convince the actress to accept the role.^[18] However, Witherspoon eventually exited the project due to alleged creative differences in regards to suggestions towards the film’s script, claiming the project is «no longer the film that Reese had originally signed on to do.»^[19] Following Witherspoon’s resignation, Rapunzel remained uncast for quite some time, further jeopardizing the film’s already troubled production, a period during which the character’s voice was temporarily provided by «friends around the studio» in lieu of legitimate actresses.^[20]

The filmmakers opted not to hire A-list celebrities to voice the film’s main characters.^[21][22] Afterwards, the directors continued to audition hundreds of young actresses in the hopes of finding Rapunzel’s voice,^[20] among them Broadway performer Idina Menzel,^[23] but none sounded quite right until they finally discovered singer and actress Mandy Moore.^[24] Describing the opportunity to voice a Disney character as «the ultimate fantasy», Moore was a long-time fan of Disney films.^[13] Initially, knowledge that the role was being heavily sought after at the time deterred her from auditioning in favor of avoiding disappointment.^[25][26] Once she made up her mind to audition, Moore «chased after» the role, auditioning for it twice. Because the film is a musical requiring its cast to provide both their characters’ speaking and singing voices, all candidates were asked to perform one song of their choice in the style of a singer-songwriter;^[27] Moore, a professional singer herself, auditioned with Joni Mitchell’s «Help Me».^[28] Child actress Delaney Rose Stein was eventually cast as a young version Rapunzel.^[29] According to co-director Byron Howard, Moore «has this great soul to her voice» as well as «this down-to-earth, girl-next-door quality that makes her everything you could hope for in a Disney heroine.»^[30]

Upon joining the cast of Tangled, Moore was initially unaware that the film was slated to be Walt Disney Animation Studios’ 50th animated feature film. Since that time, she has received her ignorance with gratitude, explaining, «I feel lucky because I would’ve probably felt a bit more pressure had I known going into the recording process.»^[26] Moore hardly worked with co-stars Zachary Levi and Donna Murphy, who provided the voices of Flynn Rider and Mother Gothel, respectively, never meeting Murphy and having only met Levi once to record their characters’ duet «I See the Light».^[13] Moore was surprised to learn that she would be isolated from her co-stars against initial expectations that «we’re all going to be chummy, hanging out at the studio laughing and going out to dinner together».^[13] Moore had little idea of what her character looked like because, in terms of visual aid, she was only provided with rough, incomplete sketches and storyboards, while «everything else had to be explained» by Howard and Greno.^[13] The majority of the images were created by Moore herself in her own mind.^[13]

Moore described the recording process as challenging because she was provided with little visual aid, explaining, «All I had to work off were a few sketches … but it was also fun because it allows you to go into the depths of your imagination.» She also revealed that creating Rapunzel’s voice was simply a process of «let[ting] go».^[31] Moore was often required to re-record a single line a total of four times before the directors finally heard a version with which they were satisfied. After watching the completed film for the first time, Moore was disappointed with her own performance because she felt that her voice sounded «shrill».^[32] According to composer Alan Menken, Moore’s musical background made her «a delight to work with».^[13] Moore found the practice of performing in character challenging in comparison to recording her own original music, explaining, «I can’t just be like Mandy and sing something the way that I want to necessarily, because you know, you sort of have to stick to certain guidelines.»^[13] She found recording «When Will My Life Begin» particularly difficult due to the speed at which she had to say certain words, and cites both Menken and discovering Rapunzel herself as a character with guiding her through the process.^[13]

Personality and design[edit]

«With Rapunzel I did an enormous amount of drawings and I wanted to keep a sense of asymmetry in her. I read a book about feminine beauty and it said the key to beauty is strangeness in a woman’s face. There needs to be something slightly off, some element; it might be her nose, her lip, her tooth, or one eye higher than the other, but something. Even in Rapunzel’s teeth, the way she talks, there’s something a little bit wonky in the placement of her teeth, and things like that were designed so that she was more real, true and appealing.»

— Keane, on designing Rapunzel and the concept of «feminine beauty».[3]

Executive producer John Lasseter explained that «The challenge is that you want to make Rapunzel feel like a smart, clever, educated, healthy, fun human being» despite the fact that the character has not ventured outside of her tower in 18 years.^[33] According to The New York Times, Rapunzel’s personality made her a significant departure from traditional Disney heroines.^[33] Mandy Moore believes that Rapunzel is an atypical Disney princess because she is an independent character who «can take care of herself», in addition to being largely oblivious to the fact that she is a princess.^[34] Moore also described Rapunzel as «the bohemian Disney princess» and «a Renaissance woman».^[25]

Supervising animator Glen Keane designed Rapunzel under the tutelage of veteran animator Ollie Johnston, one of Disney’s Nine Old Men.^[5] Johnston advised Keane to attempt to capture what Rapunzel is thinking as opposed to simply animating what the character is doing after reviewing one of his early pencil tests.^[5] Keane compared receiving this advice to receiving a «slap that I never forgot, so when I was drawing over people’s work, I really tried to get into the head of the thinking of the character».^[35] Co-director Byron Howard was inspired by the appearance of Ariel from Disney’s The Little Mermaid (1989), a character who was also animated by Keane. Howard elaborated that «Ariel was the first character that I ever thought there was a soul behind her eyes … We hoped to do that with Rapunzel to find some sort of soul and depth that people could relate to».^[36] Meanwhile, Keane observed that Ariel and Rapunzel also share «irrepressible» spirits while encountering barriers that prevent them from pursuing their dreams.^[36] Keane was inspired by a book about the idea of feminine beauty; the book cited «strangeness» as «the key to beauty … in a woman’s face.» Taking this into consideration, Keane maintained a sense of asymmetry while drawing Rapunzel, incorporating into her face several subtle imperfections, specifically her bucked teeth.^[3][37][38] The character was also drawn with freckles,^[37] making her the first Disney princess to have this feature.^[5] Keane designed Rapunzel with large eyes to convey her «irrepressible quality», a trait her also discovered in Mandy Moore’s voice.^[39] Rapunzel is depicted as a barefooter,^[25][40] and Moore was barefoot herself while recording her lines.^[41] Although Moore has observed some physical similarities between the character and herself, she maintains that Rapunzel’s appearance was developed long before she became involved with the project, dismissing any similarities as «coincidental».^[25]

Keane is known for basing his characters on members of his family; Rapunzel’s passion for art and painting was inspired by the interests of his daughter, Claire.^[42] Several of Claire’s original drawings and paintings are used to decorate Rapunzel’s tower.^[43] While Keane working on Tangled, Claire gave birth to his first grandchild, Matisse, whose appearance served as the animator’s inspiration for the infant Rapunzel.^[44][45]

Hair[edit]

«The hair … proved to be one of the film’s biggest challenges. Because Rapunzel’s mane is her ticket (it heals wounds, serves as transportation and makes the girl a prize to her captor), it had to look real on screen. To create it, the director says, animators created a series of tubes that looked like spaghetti. ‘It’s about 1,000 tubes or 100,000 actual hairs. The artists were able to get a general movement from those tubes.'»

— The Sioux City Journal, interviewing Howard and Greno.[46]

Rapunzel was the first blonde-haired Disney animated heroine since Aurora in Sleeping Beauty (1959).^[47] Animating Rapunzel’s hair using computer-generated imagery has been regarded as the most challenging aspect in the development process of Tangled.^[48] According to the Los Angeles Times, supervising animator Glen Keane has become well known for animating some of Walt Disney Animation Studios’ «greatest hair hits» since 1989, including Ariel from The Little Mermaid, the Beast from Beauty and the Beast (1991) and Pocahontas from Pocahontas (1995).^[49] Both Keane and Howard have expressed similar opinions on Rapunzel’s hair, with Keane describing it as «this constant reminder that she has this gift».^[50] As directors, Howard and Greno provided the animators with much live-action material and reference to use as inspiration for the appearance of Rapunzel’s hair, such as attaching long strands of string to a baseball cap that they would take turns wearing in the studio and moving around it. Additionally, they recruited women who had not cut their hair in several years to serve as live models.^[51]

Senior Software Engineer Dr. Kelly Ward,^[52] a hair simulation major and graduate from the University of North Carolina, was placed in charge of developing special software meant to assist the animators in animating 70^[53] to 75^[54] feet of hair. Ward revealed that, in real life, the character’s hair would weigh roughly 60 pounds, «more weight than a real person would be able to move around as effortlessly as we allow Rapunzel to do in the movie».^[55] For simplicity sake, the animators reduced the realistic total of 100,000 individual strands of hair found on a typical human head to a more manageable 100 for Rapunzel.^[56] Acquiring the unique but realistic shade of golden blonde for Rapunzel’s hair also proved challenging animators.^[57]

Appearances[edit]

Film and television[edit]

Tangled (2010)[edit]

Rapunzel first appears in Tangled as an infant princess who is born to a queen. Having inherited the healing abilities of a magical flower the ailing queen ingested while pregnant, the princess is kidnapped by a vain old woman named Mother Gothel, who uses her hair to remain young and beautiful. Gothel raises the princess in an isolated tower, from which Rapunzel sees the release of thousands of floating lanterns, unaware that these lanterns are actually the kingdom’s way of remembering her. As her eighteenth birthday arrives, Rapunzel grows increasingly eager to leave the tower and see the floating lanterns, and blackmails a wanted thief named Flynn Rider to take her there in her mother’s absence. However, Gothel soon learns of Rapunzel’s disobedience and pursues them, hiring a pair of thieves to incapacitate Flynn.

Rapunzel and Flynn eventually arrive at the kingdom in time for the lantern ceremony. Soon afterwards, Flynn is ambushed and turned in to the police by his former partners-in-crime the Stabbington brothers, whom he abandoned in an attempt to outrun the king’s soldiers, and is sentenced to death. However, before the Brothers can harm Rapunzel, Gothel knocks them unconscious and takes a heartbroken Rapunzel back to the tower.

Back in her bedroom, Rapunzel suddenly regains subconscious memories of her true identity and rebels against Gothel. However, Gothel, unwilling to lose Rapunzel, traps her. When Flynn escapes and arrives at the tower to save Rapunzel, Gothel stabs him. Desperate to save him, Rapunzel promises to do whatever Gothel pleases in return. Gothel complies, but just before Rapunzel can heal him, Flynn cuts her hair short with a mirror shard, causing it to turn brown and lose all of its magical powers, resulting in Gothel’s death. Flynn dies in Rapunzel’s arms, but the flower’s magic manifests itself through Rapunzel’s tears and returns Flynn to life. Flynn returns Rapunzel to the palace, where she is finally reunited with her parents.^[58]

At the end of the film, Flynn accepts his birth name, Eugene Fitzherbert, and reveals that he has proposed to Rapunzel.

Tangled: Ever After (2012)[edit]

In this 6-minute short film, the entire kingdom is preparing for Rapunzel’s marriage to Eugene. Several guests are in attendance, including Rapunzel’s birth parents, the King and Queen, the pub thugs and the Stabbington Brothers, while their animal friends Pascal, a chameleon, and Maximus, a horse, serve as the Flower boy and ring bearer respectively. Just as a brown-haired Rapunzel, accompanied by her father, completes her journey down the aisle to unite with Eugene, Maximus, who is carrying the wedding rings on a pillow in his mouth, has a reaction to one of Pascal’s flower petals and sneezes, expelling the rings down the aisle and out onto the city streets.

Desperate to retrieve them, Pascal and Maximus sneak out of the chapel while Rapunzel and Eugene say their wedding vows. After pursuing the rings on tumultuous chase around the kingdom and encountering several obstacles along the way, they finally manage to recover them from a flock of flying doves, crashing into a tar factory in the process. Pascal and Maximus return to the chapel just as the bishop asks for the rings. Though shocked by their tar-covered appearance, Rapunzel and Eugene exchange rings nonetheless and share a kiss. Exhausted from their previous endeavors, Maximus sits down, nudging the wedding cake in the process and causing it, which has been positioned on wheels, to roll down the aisle.^[59]

Frozen (2013)[edit]

Rapunzel and Eugene have a cameo appearance on Elsa’s coronation day. Rapunzel is shown at the front gates grand opening as Anna runs out singing «For the First Time in Forever».

Sofia the First: The Curse of Princess Ivy (2014)[edit]

Called upon by the Amulet of Avalor, Rapunzel rescues Princess Sofia and Princess Amber from a crevice by letting them climb her 70 foot long blonde hair. Flying back to Enchancia on one of the dragons, she teaches Amber about the consequences of her actions toward Sofia, in the form of a song, «Risk It All» and refers to Eugene it in. She then gives Amber one final piece of advice: «If you truly love your sister, you’ll know what to do when the time comes» and vanishes back to Corona. Mandy Moore reprises her role from the film as well.

Tangled: Before Ever After (2017)[edit]

Rapunzel is adjusting to her new life as princess of Corona six months after the events of Tangled. Rapunzel’s coronation is set to happen in a few days. Her father restricts her freedom, prepared to not lose his daughter once more. In the middle of all this stress, on the night of the royal banquet, Eugene publicly proposes to Rapunzel, but she rejects it, feeling she is not sure if she is interested to stay at the palace after marriage and that she needs to sort out her life first. On that night, she is sneaked out from the kingdom by her lady-in-waiting, Cassandra, so that she can get her mind off her problems. When Cassandra shows her the place where the mystical golden flower that saved her mother and herself was found, she touches one of the mystical rock spikes that started to sprout around a year ago, causing her 70 feet long blonde hair to grow back, and possessing new abilities. The story continues as she is confronted by a known enemy of the kingdom on her coronation day, and is forbidden to leave the walls of Corona without her father’s consent. In her bedchamber, Rapunzel is determined to fill her journal with her own adventures, and solve the mystery of her hair’s miraculous return.

Rapunzel’s Tangled Adventure (2017–2020)[edit]

Rapunzel appears in the animated television series. Most of the first season is set on her uncovering the mystery of her new hair and its connection to the mystical rock spikes she had discovered several weeks ago, with the help of her lady-in-waiting Cassandra (who later turns out to be Mother Gothel’s daughter), and a young scientist named Varian. In addition, she tries her best on how to be a good princess and future queen of Corona, even though her naive and gullible ways often get her into trouble.

Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018 film)[edit]

Rapunzel, alongside other Disney Princesses, appeared in the film Ralph Breaks the Internet, as was announced at the 2017 D23 Expo.^[60][61]

Merchandise[edit]

«Rapunzel spends most of her life in a tower with her chameleon friend, Pascal, imagining the world outside. When she meets Flynn Rider, the two of them go on an adventure so she can finally live her dream.»

— Blurb extracted from Rapunzel section of official Disney Princess website, summarizing her role in Tangled.[62]

Rapunzel is the tenth member of the Disney Princess line-up,^[63] a marketing franchise aimed primarily at young girls that manufactures and releases products such as toys, video and audio recordings, clothing, and video games.^[64] The Walt Disney Company introduces characters into its Disney Princess line-up through coronation. Rapunzel’s was held on October 2, 2011, at the Kensington Palace in London, England;^[65][66] the character became the franchise’s first princess to have been computer-animated.^[12] However, the franchise uses a traditionally animated rendering of Rapunzel in most of its merchandise.^[67] Following her coronation, Rapunzel was recognized with her own page on the official Disney Princess website.^[62]

Disney Consumer Products^[68] has released several merchandise based on Tangled that features Rapunzel.^[69] Rapunzel appears as a playable character in an interactive adventure-themed^[70][71] video game based on the film, entitled Tangled: The Video Game.^[72] The game was released by Disney Interactive Studios on November 23, 2010, one day before the film’s November 24 theatrical release, specifically for the Nintendo video game platforms Wii and DS, and follows the plot of the original film.^[72][73] Voice actress Mandy Moore reprises her role as Rapunzel in the video game.^[74] The character’s likeness has also been adapted into a variety of doll products. Rapunzel was the first character created and released as part of the Disney Animator’s Collection, a series of dolls depicting each of the eleven Disney Princesses as toddler.^[75] She was designed by Glen Keane, who served as her supervising animator on the original film.^[76]

Books[edit]

Mother Knows Best: A Tale of the Old Witch[edit]

Rapunzel appears in the fifth book of the Disney Villains series by author Serena Valentino. She is stolen by Mother Gothel as a baby, but rather than being raised by Gothel, who is obsessed with the preservation of her two sisters, she is raised by Mrs. Tiddlebottom and Mrs. Lovelace, the housekeeper and nanny. On her eight birthday, the Odd Sisters come and assist Gothel in attempting to use Rapunzel’s hair to raise her sisters from the dead. When Mrs. Lovelace finds them, the ceremony is broken. Rapunzel is put to sleep and remains asleep in the tower for a decade. When the Odd Sisters’ spell breaks, she awakes and events follow the path of the film, with her meeting Flynn and going off on her adventures. When Flynn is stabbed and dies after cutting her hair, Circe uses Rapunzel’s tears to resurrect Flynn. The two are later married with Circe and Snow White attending their wedding.

Theme parks[edit]

Rapunzel currently makes regular appearances at various Walt Disney Parks and Resorts sites, locations and attractions.^[77] In anticipation of the film’s theatrical release, several Tangled-based attractions were constructed at various Disney Parks locations in both California and Florida, United States.^[78] These include a life-sized replica of Rapunzel’s tower, located in Fantasyland.^[79]

As part of photographer Annie Leibovitz’s Disney Dream Portrait Series that she has been commissioning for Walt Disney Parks and Resorts since 2007,^[80] The Walt Disney Company hired American country singer-songwriter Taylor Swift to be featured as the model for Rapunzel.^[81] In a detailed description of the piece, Us Weekly wrote, «The stunning image — captioned ‘Where a world of adventure awaits’ — shows the 23-year-old Grammy winner perched on the window ledge of a moss-covered stone tower. A pink petticoat peeks out from under her purple gown as she stares wistfully into the distance, her long golden tresses flowing regally in the wind.»^[82] Swift told On The Red Carpet that she was honored.^[81]

Reception[edit]

Critical response[edit]

Critics were generally positive in their opinions of Rapunzel. The St. Paul Pioneer Press‘ Chris Hewitt described the character as «no damsel in distress»,^[83] while Sara Vizcarrondo of Boxoffice described the character as «a spunky heroine who could infiltrate the heavily guarded princess canon.»^[84] Stephen Whitty of The Star-Ledger dubbed Rapunzel «a fairly capable young woman».^[85] Bruce Diones of The New Yorker wrote that Rapunzel has «a sharp wit and intelligent concerns»,^[86] while Claudia Puig of USA Today opined, «Rapunzel is … believable in her teenage histrionics».^[87] Calling the character a «delight», The Austin Chronicle‘s Marjorie Baumgarten wrote, «Rapunzel is a spunky gal, capable of defending herself».^[88] Sandie Angulo Chen of Common Sense Media wrote that Rapunzel is a «guileless, strong, and beautiful» character who is «so breathtakingly good that you can’t help but weep with her when she thinks all hope is lost.» The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel‘s Cathy Jakicic described Rapunzel as a «scrappy, self-reliant» heroine who «can rescue herself».^[89] The Scotsman commented, «the film doesn’t … turn [Rapunzel] into a simpering damsel in distress.»^[90] Describing the character as «innocent but (inevitably) feisty», Empire‘s Helen O’Hara enjoyed the fact that both Rapunzel and Flynn are given «decent character development» while «bas[ing] their growing love story on more than a single longing glance.»^[91] Similarly, the Mountain Xpress praised Rapunzel and Flynn’s relationship, writing, «what works best is the interplay between the two leads … these animated characters are frankly more believable and charismatic than the human ones in … Love and Other Drugs.»^[92] Todd Hertz of Christianity Today called Rapunzel «fun, dynamic, and wondrous».^[93]

Jim Schembri of The Age gave the character a very detailed, positive review, writing:

And, of course, the heart of the story is Rapunzel, a freshly minted heroine who morphs from prisoner to strong-willed seeker of her own destiny. Blondes have not had a good rap of late, thanks chiefly to the stream of formulaic rom-coms that have played them up as the ditzes and airheads of cliché. Rapunzel’s no-nonsense attitude and proactive air, however, reminds us that the blondes of yore were not to be trifled with. As reimagined in Tangled, Rapunzel defies authority, shuts down male ego and charts her own course. She’s not only a great role model for kids, she’s the type of gutsy, independently minded, value-added blonde Mae West would have been proud of.

The character was not void of criticism. Although Richard Corliss of Time thoroughly enjoyed the film, he felt that too much emphasis was placed on Flynn Rider and not enough on Rapunzel. Corliss questioned the future of Disney’s animated heroines, writing, «For 60 years … girls were the focal characters who could be expected to come of age, triumph over adversity and, in general, man up,» and accused various film studios of «abolish[ing] female-centered stories.»^[95] Variety‘s Justin Chang described Rapunzel as a «bland, plastic» heroine, likening her to a Barbie doll.^[96] Similarly, Tom Huddleston of Time Out described Rapunzel as «bland».^[97] James Berardinelli of ReelViews was fairly mixed in his review, writing, «although likeable and energetic, [Rapunzel] is not as memorable as Snow White, Ariel, or Belle.»^[98] Keith Uhlich of Time Out described the character as «synthetic». He wrote, «you never feel like you’re watching a girl on the empowering cusp of adulthood so much as a selection of attitudes compiled through demographic study.»^[99] The Independent‘s Anthony Quinn panned the character, describing her as «bland and Valley Girlish».^[100] Joe Williams of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch opined, «when the big-eyed heroine tries to tug at our heartstrings and Flynn turns into Prince Charming, the too-familiar hero-and-damsel motif feels like a fashion faux-pas.»^[101] Similarly, the SouthtownStar‘s Jake Coyle wrote, «Both Rapunzel and Flynn too much resemble Barbie and Ken, lacking both superficial and emotional individuality.»^[102] Jen Yamato of Movies.com criticized Disney for «failing to give Rapunzel a backbone and retreading ground so familiar you can fall asleep for ten minutes and still know exactly what happened».^[103]

As the tenth Disney Princess, several critics have drawn comparisons between Rapunzel and preceding Disney Princesses and animated heroines, the most frequent and prominent of whom remains Ariel from The Little Mermaid (1989). The Daily News’ Joe Neumaier likened Rapunzel’s independence to that of Belle from Beauty and the Beast (1991), writing, «thoroughly modern Rapunzel does most of the saving».^[104] Jonathan Crocker of Total Film noted similarities between Rapunzel and Ariel, describing Rapunzel as «A strong-willed heroine longing to see outside.»^[105] Mike Scott of The Times-Picayune commented on Rapunzel’s innocence, describing it as «reminiscent of Amy Adams’ flighty Giselle from … Enchanted.»^[106] LoveFilm’s Tom Charity commented on the character’s independence, likening Rapunzel’s spirited personality to those of both Ariel from The Little Mermaid (1989) and the title character of Mulan (1998). Charity also labeled Rapunzel «another addition to the more recent Disney tradition of emancipated heroines».^[107]

Accolades and recognition[edit]

CNN’s Stephanie Goldberg included Rapunzel in her article «Brave‘s Merida and other animated heroines», a list that recognized some of Disney’s most heroic and independent heroines who have appeared in animated films. Goldberg jokingly wrote, «So what if … Rapunzel defends herself with a frying pan and holds prisoners captive with her long, magical hair?»^[108] Sonia Saraiya of Nerve ranked Rapunzel fourth in her article «Ranked: Disney Princesses From Least To Most Feminist». Comparing the character’s spirited personality to that of preceding Disney Princesses Ariel and Jasmine from Aladdin (1992), Saraiya described Rapunzel as «badass,» despite the fact that «her naivete sometimes gets in the way of her progressivism.» Saraiya continued, «[Rapunzel] also recognizes the unfairness of her plight and finds a way out of it, outwitting her ‘mother,’ who is in fact her kidnapper, to venture to the outside world.»^[109] Tala Dayrit of Female Network included Rapunzel in her article «30 Fierce and Fun Female Cartoon Characters», writing that, unlike her original fairy tale counterpart, «She’s not the helpless damsel locked in a tower awaiting an unknown fate, but a strong woman capable of defending herself in a fight.»^[110]

In the film, Rapunzel performs the song «I See the Light» as a duet with Flynn Rider. The song received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song at the 83rd Academy Awards in 2011.^{[111][112][113]} Voice actress Mandy Moore performed the song live at the ceremony with co-star Zachary Levi, who provided the voice Flynn in the film.^[114] The song did, however, garner the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media at the 54th ceremony in 2012.^[115][116]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Official page
• Rapunzel at Disney Princess

Бесплатный переводчик онлайн с русского на английский

Вам нужно переводить на английский сообщения в чатах, письма бизнес-партнерам и в службы поддержки онлайн-магазинов или домашнее задание? PROMT.One мгновенно переведет с русского на английский и еще на 20+ языков.

Точный переводчик

С помощью PROMT.One   наслаждайтесь точным переводом с русского на английский,  а также смотрите английскую транскрипцию, произношение и варианты переводов слов с примерами употребления в предложениях.  Бесплатный онлайн-переводчик PROMT.One  — достойная альтернатива Google Translate и другим сервисам, предоставляющим перевод с английского на русский и с русского на английский. Переводите в браузере на персональных компьютерах, ноутбуках, на мобильных устройствах или установите мобильное приложение Переводчик PROMT.One для iOS и Android.

Нужно больше языков?

PROMT.One бесплатно переводит онлайн с русского на азербайджанский, арабский, греческий, иврит, испанский, итальянский, казахский, китайский, корейский, немецкий, португальский, татарский, турецкий, туркменский, узбекский, украинский, финский, французский, эстонский и японский.

Rapunzel
Illustration of Rapunzel and the witch on a 1978 East German stamp
Folk tale
Name	Rapunzel
Aarne–Thompson grouping	ATU 310 (The Maiden in the Tower)
Mythology	European
Published in	Grimms’ Fairy Tales

«Rapunzel» ( rə-PUN-zəl, German: [ʁaˈpʊntsl̩] (listen)) French: Persinette) ; is a European fairy tale most notably recorded by the Brothers Grimm and published in 1812 as part of Children’s and Household Tales (KHM 12). The Brothers Grimm’s story was developed from the French literary fairy tale of Persinette by Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force (1698).^[1][2]

The tale is classified as Aarne–Thompson type 310 («The Maiden in The Tower»).^[3] Its plot has been used and parodied in various media. Its best known line is, «Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair».

Plot[edit]

A lonely couple, who long for a child, live next to a large, extensive, high-walled subsistence garden, belonging to a sorceress.^[a] The wife, experiencing pregnancy cravings, longs for the rapunzel that she sees growing in the garden (rapunzel is either the salad green and root vegetable Campanula rapunculus, or the salad green Valerianella locusta).^[4] She refuses to eat anything else and begins to waste away. Her husband fears for her life and one night he breaks into the garden to get some for her. When he returns, she makes a salad out of it and eats it, but she longs for more so her husband returns to the garden to retrieve some more. As he scales the wall to return home, the sorceress catches him and accuses him of theft. He begs for mercy and she agrees to be lenient, allowing him to take all the rapunzel he wants on condition that the baby be given to her when it’s born.^[b] Desperate, he agrees.

When the wife has a baby girl, the sorceress takes her to raise as her own and names her «Rapunzel» after the plant her mother craved (in one version, her parents move away before she’s born in an attempt to avoid surrendering her, only for the sorceress to turn up at their door upon her birth, unhampered by their attempt at relocation). She grows up to be a beautiful child with long golden hair.^[c] When she turns twelve, the sorceress locks her up in a tower in the middle of the woods, with neither stairs nor a door, and only one room and one window.^[d] In order to visit her, the sorceress stands at the bottom of the tower and calls out:

Rapunzel!

Rapunzel!

Let down your hair

That I may climb thy golden stair!^[e]

Jacob Grimm ostensibly believed that the strong alliteration of the rhyme indicated that it was a survival of the ancient form of Germanic poetry known as Stabreim, but in actuality, it was his liberal adaption of Schulz’s direct German translation of Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force’s older French version Persinette, Persinette, descendez vos cheveux que je monte. ^[10]

One day, a prince rides through the forest and hears Rapunzel singing from the tower. Entranced by her ethereal voice, he searches for her and discovers the tower, but is unable to enter it. He returns often, listening to her beautiful singing, and one day sees the sorceress visit her as usual and learns how to gain access. When the sorceress leaves, he bids Rapunzel to let her hair down. When she does so, he climbs up and they fall in love. He eventually asks her to marry him, and she agrees.

Together they plan a means of escape, wherein he will come each night (thus avoiding the sorceress who visits her by day) and bring Rapunzel a piece of silk that she will gradually weave into a ladder. Before the plan can come to fruition, however, she has sexual intercourse with him. In the first edition (1812) of Kinder- und Hausmärchen (Children’s and Household Tales, most commonly known in English as Grimms’ Fairy Tales), she innocently says that her dress is growing tight around her waist, hinting at pregnancy.^[11] In later editions, she asks «Dame Gothel»,^[f] in a moment of forgetfulness, why it is easier for her to draw up the prince than her.^[13] In anger, the sorceress cuts off her hair and casts her out into the wilderness to fend for herself.

When the prince calls that night, the sorceress lets the severed hair down to haul him up. To his horror, he finds himself meeting her instead of Rapunzel, who is nowhere to be found. After she tells him in a rage that he will never see Rapunzel again, he leaps or falls from the tower and lands in a thorn bush. Although it breaks his fall and saves his life, it scratches his eyes and blinds him.

For years, he wanders through the wastelands of the country and eventually comes to the wilderness where Rapunzel now lives with the twins whom she has given birth to, a boy and girl. One day, as she sings, he hears her voice again, and they are reunited. When they fall into each other’s arms, her tears fall into his eyes and immediately restore his sight. He leads her and their twins to his kingdom where they live happily ever after.^[g]

Another version of the story ends with the revelation that the sorceress had untied Rapunzel’s hair after the prince leapt from the tower, and it slipped from her hands and landed far below, leaving her trapped in the tower.^[15]

Origin and development[edit]

Mythological and religious inspiration[edit]

Some researchers have proposed that the earliest possible inspiration for the “Maiden in the Tower” archetype is to the pre-Christian European (or proto-Indo-European) sun or dawn goddess myths, in which the light deity is trapped and is rescued.^[16][17] Similar myths include that of the Baltic solar goddess, Saulė, who is held captive in a tower by a king.^[18] Inspiration may also be taken from the classical myth of the hero, Perseus; Perseus’ mother, the Princess Danaë, was confined to a bronze tower by her own father, Acrisius, the King of Argos, in an attempt to prevent her from becoming pregnant, as it was foretold by the Oracle of Delphi that she would bear a son who would kill his grandfather.

Inspiration may come from Ethniu, daughter of Balor, in Irish myth.

Inspiration may come from the story of Saint Barbara of Nicomedia, who is said to have been a beautiful woman who was confined to a tower by her father to hide her away from suitors.^[19] While in the tower, she is said to have converted to Christianity and be ultimately martyred for her faith after a series of miracles delaying her execution.^[19][20] Her story was included in The Book of the City of Ladies, completed by 1405 by Christine de Pizan in vernacular French, which may have been highly influential on later writers, as it was popular throughout Europe.^[20]

Literary development[edit]

The earliest surviving reference to a female character with long hair that she offers to a male lover to climb like a ladder appears in the epic poem Shahnameh by Ferdowsi.^[20] The heroine of the story, Rudāba, offers her hair so that her love interest Zāl may enter the harem where she lives. Zāl states instead that she should lower a rope so that she will not hurt herself.^[20]

The first written record of a story that may be recognized as Rapunzel is Giambattista Basile’s Petrosinella, translating to parsley, which was published in Naples in the local dialect in 1634 in a collection entitled Lo cunto de li cunti (The Story of Stories).^[2] This version of the story differs from later versions as it is the wife not the husband who steals the plant, the maiden is taken by the villain as a child rather than a baby, and the maiden and the prince are not separated for years to be reunited in the end.^[2] Most importantly, this version of the story contains a “flight” scene in which Petrosinella uses magic acorns that turn into animals to distract the ogress while she pursues the couple fleeing the tower.^[21] This “flight” scene, with three magic objects used as distraction, is found in oral variants in the Mediterranean region, notably Sicily (Angiola), Malta (Little Parsley and Little Fennel), and Greece (Anthousa the Fair with Golden Hair).^[21]

In 1697, Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force published a variation of the story, Persinette, while confined to an abbey due to perceived misconduct during service in the court of Louis XIV.^[20][22] Before her imprisonment, de la Force was a prominent figure in the Parisian salons and considered one of the early conteuses as a contemporary to Charles Perrault.^[20] This version of the story includes almost all elements that were found in later versions by the Grimm Brothers.^[21] It is the first version to include the maiden’s out of wedlock pregnancy, the villain’s trickery leading to the prince’s blinding, the birth of twins, and the tears of the maiden restoring the prince’s sight. The tale ends with the antagonist taking pity on the couple and transporting them to the prince’s kingdom.^[20] While de la Force’s claim that Persinette was an original story cannot be substantiated, her version was the most complex at the time and did introduce original elements.^[22]

German adaptation[edit]

The very first known German translation of Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force’s tale Persinette came about in 1766 by Friedrich Immanuel Bierling under the name «Das Cabinet der Feen. Oder gesammelte Feen-Märchen in neun Theilen, Aus dem Französischen übersetzt«, published in Nürenberg. More famously, Persinette was translated into German by Friedrich Schulz and appeared in 1790 in Kleine Romane (Little Novels), as it was Schulz who changed the plant and the maiden’s name to Rapunzel.^[23] Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm included the story in their first (1812) and seventh (1857) edition publications of Children’s and Household Tales and removed elements that they believed were added to the “original” German fairy tale.^[21] Although the Grimms’ recounting of the fairy tale is the most prevalent version of the “Maiden in the Tower” in the western literary canon, the story does not appear to have connections to a Germanic oral folktale tradition.^[21] Notably, the 1812 publication retains the out of wedlock pregnancy that reveals the prince’s visits to the witch, whereas in the 1857 version edited by Wilhelm Grimm, it is Rapunzel’s slip of the tongue to address criticism that the tale was not appropriate for children.^[22] It can be argued that the 1857 version of the story was the first written for a primarily child-aged audience.^[22]

Distribution[edit]

According to Greek folklorist Georgios A. Megas, fellow folklorist Michael Meracles concluded that the tale type originated in Southeastern Europe, by analysing 22 Greek variants, 2 Serbo-Croatian and 1 from Corsica.^[24]

Scholar Jack Zipes stated that the tale type is «extremely popular throughout Europe».^[25] However, scholar Ton Deker remarked that the tale type is «mainly known» in Central and South Europe, and in the Middle East.^[26] In the same vein, Stith Thompson argued for a Mediterranean origin for the story, due to «its great popularity» in Italy and nearby countries.^[27]

Scholar Ulrich Marzolph remarked that the tale type AT 310 was one of «the most frequently encountered tales in Arab oral tradition», albeit missing from The Arabian Nights compilation.^[28]

Themes and characterization[edit]

Many scholars have interpreted “Maiden in the Tower” stories, which Rapunzel is a part of, as a metaphor for the protection of young women from pre-marital relationships by overzealous guardians.^[21] Scholars have drawn comparisons of the confinement of Rapunzel in her tower to that of a convent, where women’s lives were highly controlled and they lived in exclusion from outsiders.^[2]

Scholars have also noted the strong theme of love conquering all in the story, as the lovers are united after years of searching in all versions after Persinette and are ultimately happily reunited as a family.^[29]

The seemingly unfair bargain that the husband makes with the sorceress in the opening of Rapunzel is a common convention in fairy tales, which is replicated in Jack and the Beanstalk when Jack trades a cow for beans or in Beauty and the Beast when Beauty comes to the Beast in return for a rose.^[30] Furthermore, folkloric beliefs often regarded it as dangerous to deny a pregnant woman any food she craved, making the bargain with the sorceress more understandable since the husband would have perceived his actions as saving his wife at the cost of his child.^[29] Family members would often go to great lengths to secure such cravings and such desires for lettuce and other vegetables may indicate a need for vitamins.^[31][32]

The “Maiden in the Tower” archetype has drawn comparisons to a possible lost matriarchal myth connected to the sacred marriage between the prince and the maiden and the rivalry between the maiden, representing life and spring, and the crone, representing death and winter.^[20]

Cultural legacy[edit]

Literary media[edit]

Andrew Lang included the story in his 1890 publication The Red Fairy Book.^[33] Other versions of the tale also appear in A Book of Witches (1965) by Ruth Manning-Sanders and in Paul O. Zelinsky’s Caldecott Medal-winning picture book, Rapunzel (1997).

Anne Sexton wrote a poem called «Rapunzel» in her collection Transformations (1971), a book in which she re-envisions sixteen of the Grimm’s Fairy tales.^[34]

Donna Jo Napoli wrote a critically acclaimed YA novel entitled Zel (1996), retelling the Rapunzel story from three perspectives: the maiden, her mother, and the prince.^[35]

Cress is the third book in the Lunar Chronicles, a young adult science fiction series written by Marissa Meyer that is an adaptation of Rapunzel. Crescent, nicknamed «Cress», is a prisoner on a satellite who is rescued and falls in love with her hero «Captain Thorne» amidst the story about «Cinder» a cyborg version of Cinderella. The Lunar Chronicles is a tetralogy with a futuristic take on classic fairy tales that also includes characters such as «Cinder» (Cinderella), «Scarlet» (Red Riding Hood) and «Winter» (Snow White).

Kate Forsyth has written two books about Rapunzel, one is a fictional retelling of the tale and of the life of Mademoiselle de la Force entitled, Bitter Greens, and her second book was nonfiction describing the development of the tale entitled, The Rebirth of Rapunzel: A Mythic Biography of the Maiden in the Tower.^[20] She described it as «a story that reverberates very strongly with any individual – male or female, child or adult – who has found themselves trapped by their circumstances, whether this is caused by the will of another or their own inability to change and grow».

In Nikita Gill’s 2018 poetry collection Fierce Fairytales: & Other Stories to Stir Your Soul she has several poems that reference Rapunzel or Rapunzel’s story including Rapunzel’s Note Left for Mother Gothel and Rapunzel, Rapunzel.^[36]

In 2019, Simon Hood published a contemporary retelling of Rapunzel.^[37] Both the language and the illustrations modernised the story, while the plot itself remained close to traditional versions.

In 2022, Mary McMyne published a standalone adult historical fantasy novel The Book of Gothel, which speculates that the witch’s character was inspired by the life of a medieval midwife named Haelewise, daughter-of-Hedda, who lived in 12th century Germania. The novel is a revisionist backstory for Rapunzel that also connects to elements of Snow White, Red Riding Hood, and other tales.^[38]

Film media[edit]

• The Story of Rapunzel (1951), a stop-motion animated short directed by Ray Harryhausen.
• A live action version was filmed for television as part of Shelley Duvall’s series Faerie Tale Theatre, airing on Showtime. It aired on 5 February 1983. In it, the main character, Rapunzel is taken from her parents by an evil witch, and is brought up in an isolated tower that can only be accessed by climbing her unnaturally long hair. Jeff Bridges played the prince and Rapunzel’s father, Shelley Duvall played Rapunzel and her mother, Gena Rowlands played the witch, and Roddy McDowall narrated.
• A 1988 German film adaption, Rapunzel oder Der Zauber der Tränen [de] (meaning «Rapunzel or the Magic of Tears»), combines the story with the lesser-known Grimm fairy tale Maid Maleen. After escaping the tower, Rapunzel finds work as a kitchen maid in the prince’s court, where she must contend with an evil princess who aims to marry him.
• A 1990 straight-to-video animated film adaption by Hanna-Barbera and Hallmark Cards, simply titled Rapunzel^[39] featured Olivia Newton-John narrating the story. The major difference between it and the Grimm fairy tale is that instead of making the prince blind, the evil witch transforms him into a bird, possibly a reference to The Blue Bird, a French variant of the story.
• Into the Woods is a musical combining elements from several classic fairy tales, in which Rapunzel is one of the main characters; it was also filmed for television^[40] in 1991 by American Playhouse. The story depicts Rapunzel as the adoptive daughter of the Witch that the Baker (Rapunzel’s older brother, unbeknownst to him. Also the husband of the lonely childless couple.) is getting some items from who is later rescued by a prince. In the second half of the play, Rapunzel is killed by the Giant’s Wife. The Witch then grieves for her and sings, «Witch’s Lament.»
• A film adaptation of Into the Woods by The Walt Disney Company was released late in 2014^[41] where Rapunzel is portrayed by Mackenzie Mauzy. The difference from the play is that Rapunzel is not killed by the Giant’s Wife (Frances de la Tour). Instead, she rides off into the woods with her Prince (Billy Magnussen) in order to distance herself from the Witch who raised her.
• In Barbie as Rapunzel (2002), Rapunzel was raised by the evil witch Gothel (voiced by Anjelica Huston) and she acted as a servant for her. She uses a magic paintbrush to get out of captivity, but Gothel locks her away in a tower.
• In Shrek the Third (2007), Rapunzel (voiced by Maya Rudolph) was friends with Princess Fiona. She is shown to be the true love of the evil Prince Charming and helps to fool Princess Fiona and her group when they try to escape from Prince Charming’s wrath.
• Walt Disney Animation Studios’ Tangled (2010), which is a loose retelling and a computer-animated musical feature film. Princess Rapunzel (voiced by Mandy Moore) is more assertive in character, and was born a princess. Her long blonde hair has magical healing and restoration powers. A woman named Mother Gothel (voiced by Donna Murphy) kidnaps Rapunzel for her magical hair which would help maintain her youth. Rather than a prince, Rapunzel encounters an elusive thief named Flynn Rider/Eugene Fitzherbert (voiced by Zachary Levi).^[42] Rapunzel also features in Disney’s Tangled short sequel, Tangled Ever After. There is also a series based on the events after the movie and before the short named Tangled The Series/ Rapunzel’s Tangled Adventure and a movie which leads to the series called Tangled: Before Ever After.
• Walt Disney Pictures hired Ashleigh Powell to write the script for a live action Rapunzel movie. It is unknown if the film will be a remake of Tangled, a whole new adaptation, or a combination of both.^[43]

Television media[edit]

Live action television media[edit]

Shirley Temple’s Storybook (1958-1961) featured an media of Rapunzel in an episode which aired on 27 October 1958.^[44] Carol Lynley played Rapunzel and Agnes Moorehead played the evil witch.^[44]

Sesame Street (1969–present) has a «News Flash» skit with Kermit the Frog where he interviews the Prince trying to charm Rapunzel with the famous line. However, she is having a hard time hearing him and when she finally does understand him, she lets all her hair fall down (completely off her head), leaving the Prince confused as to what to do now.

In the American fairy tale miniseries, The Tenth Kingdom (2000), the main character, Virginia Lewis is cursed by a Gypsy witch. As a result, she grows hair reminiscent of Rapunzel’s and is locked away by the Huntsman in a tower.^[45] Her only means of escape is by letting her hair down through the window of the tower so that the Wolf can climb up and rescue her. Not before he asks the iconic phrase, in his own way, «Love of my life, let down your lustrous locks!». The character, Rapunzel is also mentioned as being one of the great women who changed history, and she was Queen of the sixth Kingdom before eventually succumbing to old age.

Rapunzel appears in the Once Upon a Time episode The Tower (2014), portrayed by Alexandra Metz.^[46] In this show, Rapunzel is a young woman who becomes trapped in a large tower for many years after she searched for a plant called «night-root» that would remove her fear of becoming queen following her brother’s death. Because of this, she has extremely long hair. It is revealed that consuming the substance created a doppelgänger fear spirit who represents all of the person’s worst fears. After Prince Charming begins to fear that he will not make a good father to his and Snow White’s baby, Robin Hood tells him where to find the night-root. He then climbs the tower and eventually helps Rapunzel face her fears by facing what truly scares her, which is herself. Presented with her own doppelganger, she is encouraged by Prince Charming and cuts off her hair, killing the figure and allowing her freedom. She explains to Prince Charming that her brother died trying to save her, and she doubts that her parents will forgive her. Again encouraged by Prince Charming, she returns her to their palace where she reunites with her accepting parents.

A second iteration of Rapunzel appears as one of the main antagonists in the seventh season of Once Upon a Time (Season 7, 2018), portrayed by Gabrielle Anwar and Meegan Warner in flashbacks.^[47] In this season, Rapunzel is Lady Tremaine, the wicked stepmother to Cinderella. In the past, Rapunzel had two daughters, Anastasia and Drizella, and made a deal with Mother Gothel to be locked in a tower in exchange for the safety of her family. Six years later, Rapunzel frees herself and when she returns to her family, she discovers she has gained a stepdaughter named Ella. At some point, Anastasia dies and Rapunzel blames her husband for the incident while Ella blames herself. Gothel plans to put Anastasia in the tower, but Rapunzel managed to turn the tables and lock Gothel in instead. Rapunzel plots to revive Anastasia by using the heart of Drizella, whom she favors least of the two daughters. Drizella discovers this and decides to get revenge on her mother by casting the «Dark Curse». She allies with Mother Gothel and sends the New Enchanted Forest residents to Hyperion Heights in Seattle. Rapunzel awakens from the curse, but lives as Victoria Belfrey and is given new memories making her believe she cast the curse to save Anastasia, while Drizella lives as Ivy Belfrey, her assistant and daughter. Cinderella and her daughter are also brought over by the curse. Rapunzel/Victoria manages to lock Gothel away in Belfrey Towers.

Animated television media[edit]

Animated series presented by Pat Morita Britannica’s Tales Around the World (1990–91), features three variations of the story.

The American television animated anthology series, Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child (1995-2000), the classic story is retold with a full African-American cast and set in New Orleans.^[48] The episode starred Tisha Campbell-Martin as Rapunzel, Whoopi Goldberg as Zenobia the Hoodoo Diva, Meshach Taylor as the Woodcutter, Hazelle Goodman as the Woodcutter’s Wife, Donald Fullilove as Friend #1, and Tico Wells as Friend #2.^[48]

Episode Rapunzel from Wolves, Witches and Giants (1995–99), season 1 episode 8.

German animated series Simsala Grimm (1999-2010), season 1 episode 8.

The music video of Mary (2004) by the Scissor Sisters features a spoof of the fairy tale animated by Don Bluth.

In the Mattel cartoon Ever After High (2013–2017), features Rapunzel’s has two daughters: Holly O’Hair and Poppy O’Hair.^[49]

Tangled: The Series (2017–2020) is a 2D animated TV show based on Disney Animation’s computer animated musical feature film Tangled. Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi reprise their roles of Rapunzel and Eugene Fitzherbert.^[50] A new main character named Cassandra appears, who is Rapunzel’s feisty lady-in-waiting, and later revealed to be Mother Gothel’s biological daughter. The series has a feature-length movie titled Tangled: Before Ever After released in 2017.^[51]

In one episode of Happy Tree Friends (1999–2016) entitled Dunce Upon a Time, Petunia has very long hair that Giggles uses to slide down on as a brief Rapunzel reference.

The Japanese anime series Grimm’s Fairy Tale Classics (1987–1989) features the tale in its second season.^[52] It gives more spotlight to Rapunzel’s parents, who are the local blacksmith and his wife, and it makes the witch more openly villainous.

See also[edit]

• Ethniu, daughter of Balor
• Rapunzel syndrome
• Danaë, daughter of King Acrisius and Queen Eurydice, who was shut up in a bronze tower or cave.
• Puddocky
• Maid Maleen

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• The complete set of Grimms’ Fairy Tales, including Rapunzel at Standard Ebooks
• D.L. Ashliman’s Grimm Brothers website. The classification is based on Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson, The Types of the Folktale: A Classification and Bibliography, (Helsinki, 1961).
• Translated comparison of 1812 and 1857 versions
• The Original 1812 Grimm A web site for the Original 1812 Kinder und Hausmärchen featuring references and other useful information related to the 1812 book in English.

Rapunzel
Illustration of Rapunzel and the witch on a 1978 East German stamp
Folk tale
Name	Rapunzel
Aarne–Thompson grouping	ATU 310 (The Maiden in the Tower)
Mythology	European
Published in	Grimms’ Fairy Tales

«Rapunzel» ( rə-PUN-zəl, German: [ʁaˈpʊntsl̩] (listen)) French: Persinette) ; is a European fairy tale most notably recorded by the Brothers Grimm and published in 1812 as part of Children’s and Household Tales (KHM 12). The Brothers Grimm’s story was developed from the French literary fairy tale of Persinette by Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force (1698).^[1][2]

The tale is classified as Aarne–Thompson type 310 («The Maiden in The Tower»).^[3] Its plot has been used and parodied in various media. Its best known line is, «Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair».

Plot[edit]

A lonely couple, who long for a child, live next to a large, extensive, high-walled subsistence garden, belonging to a sorceress.^[a] The wife, experiencing pregnancy cravings, longs for the rapunzel that she sees growing in the garden (rapunzel is either the salad green and root vegetable Campanula rapunculus, or the salad green Valerianella locusta).^[4] She refuses to eat anything else and begins to waste away. Her husband fears for her life and one night he breaks into the garden to get some for her. When he returns, she makes a salad out of it and eats it, but she longs for more so her husband returns to the garden to retrieve some more. As he scales the wall to return home, the sorceress catches him and accuses him of theft. He begs for mercy and she agrees to be lenient, allowing him to take all the rapunzel he wants on condition that the baby be given to her when it’s born.^[b] Desperate, he agrees.

When the wife has a baby girl, the sorceress takes her to raise as her own and names her «Rapunzel» after the plant her mother craved (in one version, her parents move away before she’s born in an attempt to avoid surrendering her, only for the sorceress to turn up at their door upon her birth, unhampered by their attempt at relocation). She grows up to be a beautiful child with long golden hair.^[c] When she turns twelve, the sorceress locks her up in a tower in the middle of the woods, with neither stairs nor a door, and only one room and one window.^[d] In order to visit her, the sorceress stands at the bottom of the tower and calls out:

Rapunzel!

Rapunzel!

Let down your hair

That I may climb thy golden stair!^[e]

Jacob Grimm ostensibly believed that the strong alliteration of the rhyme indicated that it was a survival of the ancient form of Germanic poetry known as Stabreim, but in actuality, it was his liberal adaption of Schulz’s direct German translation of Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force’s older French version Persinette, Persinette, descendez vos cheveux que je monte. ^[10]

One day, a prince rides through the forest and hears Rapunzel singing from the tower. Entranced by her ethereal voice, he searches for her and discovers the tower, but is unable to enter it. He returns often, listening to her beautiful singing, and one day sees the sorceress visit her as usual and learns how to gain access. When the sorceress leaves, he bids Rapunzel to let her hair down. When she does so, he climbs up and they fall in love. He eventually asks her to marry him, and she agrees.

Together they plan a means of escape, wherein he will come each night (thus avoiding the sorceress who visits her by day) and bring Rapunzel a piece of silk that she will gradually weave into a ladder. Before the plan can come to fruition, however, she has sexual intercourse with him. In the first edition (1812) of Kinder- und Hausmärchen (Children’s and Household Tales, most commonly known in English as Grimms’ Fairy Tales), she innocently says that her dress is growing tight around her waist, hinting at pregnancy.^[11] In later editions, she asks «Dame Gothel»,^[f] in a moment of forgetfulness, why it is easier for her to draw up the prince than her.^[13] In anger, the sorceress cuts off her hair and casts her out into the wilderness to fend for herself.

When the prince calls that night, the sorceress lets the severed hair down to haul him up. To his horror, he finds himself meeting her instead of Rapunzel, who is nowhere to be found. After she tells him in a rage that he will never see Rapunzel again, he leaps or falls from the tower and lands in a thorn bush. Although it breaks his fall and saves his life, it scratches his eyes and blinds him.

For years, he wanders through the wastelands of the country and eventually comes to the wilderness where Rapunzel now lives with the twins whom she has given birth to, a boy and girl. One day, as she sings, he hears her voice again, and they are reunited. When they fall into each other’s arms, her tears fall into his eyes and immediately restore his sight. He leads her and their twins to his kingdom where they live happily ever after.^[g]

Another version of the story ends with the revelation that the sorceress had untied Rapunzel’s hair after the prince leapt from the tower, and it slipped from her hands and landed far below, leaving her trapped in the tower.^[15]

Origin and development[edit]

Mythological and religious inspiration[edit]

Some researchers have proposed that the earliest possible inspiration for the “Maiden in the Tower” archetype is to the pre-Christian European (or proto-Indo-European) sun or dawn goddess myths, in which the light deity is trapped and is rescued.^[16][17] Similar myths include that of the Baltic solar goddess, Saulė, who is held captive in a tower by a king.^[18] Inspiration may also be taken from the classical myth of the hero, Perseus; Perseus’ mother, the Princess Danaë, was confined to a bronze tower by her own father, Acrisius, the King of Argos, in an attempt to prevent her from becoming pregnant, as it was foretold by the Oracle of Delphi that she would bear a son who would kill his grandfather.

Inspiration may come from Ethniu, daughter of Balor, in Irish myth.

Inspiration may come from the story of Saint Barbara of Nicomedia, who is said to have been a beautiful woman who was confined to a tower by her father to hide her away from suitors.^[19] While in the tower, she is said to have converted to Christianity and be ultimately martyred for her faith after a series of miracles delaying her execution.^[19][20] Her story was included in The Book of the City of Ladies, completed by 1405 by Christine de Pizan in vernacular French, which may have been highly influential on later writers, as it was popular throughout Europe.^[20]

Literary development[edit]

The earliest surviving reference to a female character with long hair that she offers to a male lover to climb like a ladder appears in the epic poem Shahnameh by Ferdowsi.^[20] The heroine of the story, Rudāba, offers her hair so that her love interest Zāl may enter the harem where she lives. Zāl states instead that she should lower a rope so that she will not hurt herself.^[20]

The first written record of a story that may be recognized as Rapunzel is Giambattista Basile’s Petrosinella, translating to parsley, which was published in Naples in the local dialect in 1634 in a collection entitled Lo cunto de li cunti (The Story of Stories).^[2] This version of the story differs from later versions as it is the wife not the husband who steals the plant, the maiden is taken by the villain as a child rather than a baby, and the maiden and the prince are not separated for years to be reunited in the end.^[2] Most importantly, this version of the story contains a “flight” scene in which Petrosinella uses magic acorns that turn into animals to distract the ogress while she pursues the couple fleeing the tower.^[21] This “flight” scene, with three magic objects used as distraction, is found in oral variants in the Mediterranean region, notably Sicily (Angiola), Malta (Little Parsley and Little Fennel), and Greece (Anthousa the Fair with Golden Hair).^[21]

In 1697, Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force published a variation of the story, Persinette, while confined to an abbey due to perceived misconduct during service in the court of Louis XIV.^[20][22] Before her imprisonment, de la Force was a prominent figure in the Parisian salons and considered one of the early conteuses as a contemporary to Charles Perrault.^[20] This version of the story includes almost all elements that were found in later versions by the Grimm Brothers.^[21] It is the first version to include the maiden’s out of wedlock pregnancy, the villain’s trickery leading to the prince’s blinding, the birth of twins, and the tears of the maiden restoring the prince’s sight. The tale ends with the antagonist taking pity on the couple and transporting them to the prince’s kingdom.^[20] While de la Force’s claim that Persinette was an original story cannot be substantiated, her version was the most complex at the time and did introduce original elements.^[22]

German adaptation[edit]

The very first known German translation of Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force’s tale Persinette came about in 1766 by Friedrich Immanuel Bierling under the name «Das Cabinet der Feen. Oder gesammelte Feen-Märchen in neun Theilen, Aus dem Französischen übersetzt«, published in Nürenberg. More famously, Persinette was translated into German by Friedrich Schulz and appeared in 1790 in Kleine Romane (Little Novels), as it was Schulz who changed the plant and the maiden’s name to Rapunzel.^[23] Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm included the story in their first (1812) and seventh (1857) edition publications of Children’s and Household Tales and removed elements that they believed were added to the “original” German fairy tale.^[21] Although the Grimms’ recounting of the fairy tale is the most prevalent version of the “Maiden in the Tower” in the western literary canon, the story does not appear to have connections to a Germanic oral folktale tradition.^[21] Notably, the 1812 publication retains the out of wedlock pregnancy that reveals the prince’s visits to the witch, whereas in the 1857 version edited by Wilhelm Grimm, it is Rapunzel’s slip of the tongue to address criticism that the tale was not appropriate for children.^[22] It can be argued that the 1857 version of the story was the first written for a primarily child-aged audience.^[22]

Distribution[edit]

According to Greek folklorist Georgios A. Megas, fellow folklorist Michael Meracles concluded that the tale type originated in Southeastern Europe, by analysing 22 Greek variants, 2 Serbo-Croatian and 1 from Corsica.^[24]

Scholar Jack Zipes stated that the tale type is «extremely popular throughout Europe».^[25] However, scholar Ton Deker remarked that the tale type is «mainly known» in Central and South Europe, and in the Middle East.^[26] In the same vein, Stith Thompson argued for a Mediterranean origin for the story, due to «its great popularity» in Italy and nearby countries.^[27]

Scholar Ulrich Marzolph remarked that the tale type AT 310 was one of «the most frequently encountered tales in Arab oral tradition», albeit missing from The Arabian Nights compilation.^[28]

Themes and characterization[edit]

Many scholars have interpreted “Maiden in the Tower” stories, which Rapunzel is a part of, as a metaphor for the protection of young women from pre-marital relationships by overzealous guardians.^[21] Scholars have drawn comparisons of the confinement of Rapunzel in her tower to that of a convent, where women’s lives were highly controlled and they lived in exclusion from outsiders.^[2]

Scholars have also noted the strong theme of love conquering all in the story, as the lovers are united after years of searching in all versions after Persinette and are ultimately happily reunited as a family.^[29]

The seemingly unfair bargain that the husband makes with the sorceress in the opening of Rapunzel is a common convention in fairy tales, which is replicated in Jack and the Beanstalk when Jack trades a cow for beans or in Beauty and the Beast when Beauty comes to the Beast in return for a rose.^[30] Furthermore, folkloric beliefs often regarded it as dangerous to deny a pregnant woman any food she craved, making the bargain with the sorceress more understandable since the husband would have perceived his actions as saving his wife at the cost of his child.^[29] Family members would often go to great lengths to secure such cravings and such desires for lettuce and other vegetables may indicate a need for vitamins.^[31][32]

The “Maiden in the Tower” archetype has drawn comparisons to a possible lost matriarchal myth connected to the sacred marriage between the prince and the maiden and the rivalry between the maiden, representing life and spring, and the crone, representing death and winter.^[20]

Cultural legacy[edit]

Literary media[edit]

Andrew Lang included the story in his 1890 publication The Red Fairy Book.^[33] Other versions of the tale also appear in A Book of Witches (1965) by Ruth Manning-Sanders and in Paul O. Zelinsky’s Caldecott Medal-winning picture book, Rapunzel (1997).

Anne Sexton wrote a poem called «Rapunzel» in her collection Transformations (1971), a book in which she re-envisions sixteen of the Grimm’s Fairy tales.^[34]

Donna Jo Napoli wrote a critically acclaimed YA novel entitled Zel (1996), retelling the Rapunzel story from three perspectives: the maiden, her mother, and the prince.^[35]

Cress is the third book in the Lunar Chronicles, a young adult science fiction series written by Marissa Meyer that is an adaptation of Rapunzel. Crescent, nicknamed «Cress», is a prisoner on a satellite who is rescued and falls in love with her hero «Captain Thorne» amidst the story about «Cinder» a cyborg version of Cinderella. The Lunar Chronicles is a tetralogy with a futuristic take on classic fairy tales that also includes characters such as «Cinder» (Cinderella), «Scarlet» (Red Riding Hood) and «Winter» (Snow White).

Kate Forsyth has written two books about Rapunzel, one is a fictional retelling of the tale and of the life of Mademoiselle de la Force entitled, Bitter Greens, and her second book was nonfiction describing the development of the tale entitled, The Rebirth of Rapunzel: A Mythic Biography of the Maiden in the Tower.^[20] She described it as «a story that reverberates very strongly with any individual – male or female, child or adult – who has found themselves trapped by their circumstances, whether this is caused by the will of another or their own inability to change and grow».

In Nikita Gill’s 2018 poetry collection Fierce Fairytales: & Other Stories to Stir Your Soul she has several poems that reference Rapunzel or Rapunzel’s story including Rapunzel’s Note Left for Mother Gothel and Rapunzel, Rapunzel.^[36]

In 2019, Simon Hood published a contemporary retelling of Rapunzel.^[37] Both the language and the illustrations modernised the story, while the plot itself remained close to traditional versions.

In 2022, Mary McMyne published a standalone adult historical fantasy novel The Book of Gothel, which speculates that the witch’s character was inspired by the life of a medieval midwife named Haelewise, daughter-of-Hedda, who lived in 12th century Germania. The novel is a revisionist backstory for Rapunzel that also connects to elements of Snow White, Red Riding Hood, and other tales.^[38]

Film media[edit]

• The Story of Rapunzel (1951), a stop-motion animated short directed by Ray Harryhausen.
• A live action version was filmed for television as part of Shelley Duvall’s series Faerie Tale Theatre, airing on Showtime. It aired on 5 February 1983. In it, the main character, Rapunzel is taken from her parents by an evil witch, and is brought up in an isolated tower that can only be accessed by climbing her unnaturally long hair. Jeff Bridges played the prince and Rapunzel’s father, Shelley Duvall played Rapunzel and her mother, Gena Rowlands played the witch, and Roddy McDowall narrated.
• A 1988 German film adaption, Rapunzel oder Der Zauber der Tränen [de] (meaning «Rapunzel or the Magic of Tears»), combines the story with the lesser-known Grimm fairy tale Maid Maleen. After escaping the tower, Rapunzel finds work as a kitchen maid in the prince’s court, where she must contend with an evil princess who aims to marry him.
• A 1990 straight-to-video animated film adaption by Hanna-Barbera and Hallmark Cards, simply titled Rapunzel^[39] featured Olivia Newton-John narrating the story. The major difference between it and the Grimm fairy tale is that instead of making the prince blind, the evil witch transforms him into a bird, possibly a reference to The Blue Bird, a French variant of the story.
• Into the Woods is a musical combining elements from several classic fairy tales, in which Rapunzel is one of the main characters; it was also filmed for television^[40] in 1991 by American Playhouse. The story depicts Rapunzel as the adoptive daughter of the Witch that the Baker (Rapunzel’s older brother, unbeknownst to him. Also the husband of the lonely childless couple.) is getting some items from who is later rescued by a prince. In the second half of the play, Rapunzel is killed by the Giant’s Wife. The Witch then grieves for her and sings, «Witch’s Lament.»
• A film adaptation of Into the Woods by The Walt Disney Company was released late in 2014^[41] where Rapunzel is portrayed by Mackenzie Mauzy. The difference from the play is that Rapunzel is not killed by the Giant’s Wife (Frances de la Tour). Instead, she rides off into the woods with her Prince (Billy Magnussen) in order to distance herself from the Witch who raised her.
• In Barbie as Rapunzel (2002), Rapunzel was raised by the evil witch Gothel (voiced by Anjelica Huston) and she acted as a servant for her. She uses a magic paintbrush to get out of captivity, but Gothel locks her away in a tower.
• In Shrek the Third (2007), Rapunzel (voiced by Maya Rudolph) was friends with Princess Fiona. She is shown to be the true love of the evil Prince Charming and helps to fool Princess Fiona and her group when they try to escape from Prince Charming’s wrath.
• Walt Disney Animation Studios’ Tangled (2010), which is a loose retelling and a computer-animated musical feature film. Princess Rapunzel (voiced by Mandy Moore) is more assertive in character, and was born a princess. Her long blonde hair has magical healing and restoration powers. A woman named Mother Gothel (voiced by Donna Murphy) kidnaps Rapunzel for her magical hair which would help maintain her youth. Rather than a prince, Rapunzel encounters an elusive thief named Flynn Rider/Eugene Fitzherbert (voiced by Zachary Levi).^[42] Rapunzel also features in Disney’s Tangled short sequel, Tangled Ever After. There is also a series based on the events after the movie and before the short named Tangled The Series/ Rapunzel’s Tangled Adventure and a movie which leads to the series called Tangled: Before Ever After.
• Walt Disney Pictures hired Ashleigh Powell to write the script for a live action Rapunzel movie. It is unknown if the film will be a remake of Tangled, a whole new adaptation, or a combination of both.^[43]

Television media[edit]

Live action television media[edit]

Shirley Temple’s Storybook (1958-1961) featured an media of Rapunzel in an episode which aired on 27 October 1958.^[44] Carol Lynley played Rapunzel and Agnes Moorehead played the evil witch.^[44]

Sesame Street (1969–present) has a «News Flash» skit with Kermit the Frog where he interviews the Prince trying to charm Rapunzel with the famous line. However, she is having a hard time hearing him and when she finally does understand him, she lets all her hair fall down (completely off her head), leaving the Prince confused as to what to do now.

In the American fairy tale miniseries, The Tenth Kingdom (2000), the main character, Virginia Lewis is cursed by a Gypsy witch. As a result, she grows hair reminiscent of Rapunzel’s and is locked away by the Huntsman in a tower.^[45] Her only means of escape is by letting her hair down through the window of the tower so that the Wolf can climb up and rescue her. Not before he asks the iconic phrase, in his own way, «Love of my life, let down your lustrous locks!». The character, Rapunzel is also mentioned as being one of the great women who changed history, and she was Queen of the sixth Kingdom before eventually succumbing to old age.

Rapunzel appears in the Once Upon a Time episode The Tower (2014), portrayed by Alexandra Metz.^[46] In this show, Rapunzel is a young woman who becomes trapped in a large tower for many years after she searched for a plant called «night-root» that would remove her fear of becoming queen following her brother’s death. Because of this, she has extremely long hair. It is revealed that consuming the substance created a doppelgänger fear spirit who represents all of the person’s worst fears. After Prince Charming begins to fear that he will not make a good father to his and Snow White’s baby, Robin Hood tells him where to find the night-root. He then climbs the tower and eventually helps Rapunzel face her fears by facing what truly scares her, which is herself. Presented with her own doppelganger, she is encouraged by Prince Charming and cuts off her hair, killing the figure and allowing her freedom. She explains to Prince Charming that her brother died trying to save her, and she doubts that her parents will forgive her. Again encouraged by Prince Charming, she returns her to their palace where she reunites with her accepting parents.

A second iteration of Rapunzel appears as one of the main antagonists in the seventh season of Once Upon a Time (Season 7, 2018), portrayed by Gabrielle Anwar and Meegan Warner in flashbacks.^[47] In this season, Rapunzel is Lady Tremaine, the wicked stepmother to Cinderella. In the past, Rapunzel had two daughters, Anastasia and Drizella, and made a deal with Mother Gothel to be locked in a tower in exchange for the safety of her family. Six years later, Rapunzel frees herself and when she returns to her family, she discovers she has gained a stepdaughter named Ella. At some point, Anastasia dies and Rapunzel blames her husband for the incident while Ella blames herself. Gothel plans to put Anastasia in the tower, but Rapunzel managed to turn the tables and lock Gothel in instead. Rapunzel plots to revive Anastasia by using the heart of Drizella, whom she favors least of the two daughters. Drizella discovers this and decides to get revenge on her mother by casting the «Dark Curse». She allies with Mother Gothel and sends the New Enchanted Forest residents to Hyperion Heights in Seattle. Rapunzel awakens from the curse, but lives as Victoria Belfrey and is given new memories making her believe she cast the curse to save Anastasia, while Drizella lives as Ivy Belfrey, her assistant and daughter. Cinderella and her daughter are also brought over by the curse. Rapunzel/Victoria manages to lock Gothel away in Belfrey Towers.

Animated television media[edit]

Animated series presented by Pat Morita Britannica’s Tales Around the World (1990–91), features three variations of the story.

The American television animated anthology series, Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child (1995-2000), the classic story is retold with a full African-American cast and set in New Orleans.^[48] The episode starred Tisha Campbell-Martin as Rapunzel, Whoopi Goldberg as Zenobia the Hoodoo Diva, Meshach Taylor as the Woodcutter, Hazelle Goodman as the Woodcutter’s Wife, Donald Fullilove as Friend #1, and Tico Wells as Friend #2.^[48]

Episode Rapunzel from Wolves, Witches and Giants (1995–99), season 1 episode 8.

German animated series Simsala Grimm (1999-2010), season 1 episode 8.

The music video of Mary (2004) by the Scissor Sisters features a spoof of the fairy tale animated by Don Bluth.

In the Mattel cartoon Ever After High (2013–2017), features Rapunzel’s has two daughters: Holly O’Hair and Poppy O’Hair.^[49]

Tangled: The Series (2017–2020) is a 2D animated TV show based on Disney Animation’s computer animated musical feature film Tangled. Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi reprise their roles of Rapunzel and Eugene Fitzherbert.^[50] A new main character named Cassandra appears, who is Rapunzel’s feisty lady-in-waiting, and later revealed to be Mother Gothel’s biological daughter. The series has a feature-length movie titled Tangled: Before Ever After released in 2017.^[51]

In one episode of Happy Tree Friends (1999–2016) entitled Dunce Upon a Time, Petunia has very long hair that Giggles uses to slide down on as a brief Rapunzel reference.

The Japanese anime series Grimm’s Fairy Tale Classics (1987–1989) features the tale in its second season.^[52] It gives more spotlight to Rapunzel’s parents, who are the local blacksmith and his wife, and it makes the witch more openly villainous.

See also[edit]

• Ethniu, daughter of Balor
• Rapunzel syndrome
• Danaë, daughter of King Acrisius and Queen Eurydice, who was shut up in a bronze tower or cave.
• Puddocky
• Maid Maleen

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• The complete set of Grimms’ Fairy Tales, including Rapunzel at Standard Ebooks
• D.L. Ashliman’s Grimm Brothers website. The classification is based on Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson, The Types of the Folktale: A Classification and Bibliography, (Helsinki, 1961).
• Translated comparison of 1812 and 1857 versions
• The Original 1812 Grimm A web site for the Original 1812 Kinder und Hausmärchen featuring references and other useful information related to the 1812 book in English.

рапунцель

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Перевод «рапунцель» на английский

Его высота может достигать всего лишь 60 см (в отличие от сорта «рапунцель»).

Its height can reach only 60 cm (in contrast to the Rapunzel variety).

Супруг ольги рапунцель подготавливает дочку к участию в «доме-2»

Olga’s husband Rapunzel is preparing the daughter to participate in the «House-2»

Однажды беременная жена увидела, что у соседки растёт рапунцель, и попросила мужа добыть ей это растение.

Once, a pregnant wife saw that a neighbor was growing rapunzel and asked her husband to get her this treat.

Таким образом, помидор «рапунцель» является новым сортом томата, который будет доступен в свободной продаже очень скоро.

Thus, the tomato «Rapunzel» is a new variety of tomato, which will be available for sale very soon.

Я действительно думаю, что рапунцель — один из лучших персонажей Диснея!

I really think rapunzel is one of the best Disney characters ever!

Я бы также проголосовал за рапунцель, но я не могу голосовать дважды. большинство принцесс сегодня думают о любви, романтике и т. д., но она?

I would also vote for rapunzel but I can’t vote twice. most of the princesses nowadays think just about love, romance, etc. but she?

Вот что ты наделала, Рапунцель.

Now look what you’ve done, Rapunzel.

Это история про девушку по имени Рапунцель.

This is the story of a girl named, Rapunzel.

Друг должен быть внимательным, Рапунцель.

A friend wouldn’t be so oblivious, Rapunzel.

Вставай, Рапунцель, пора идти.

Come on, Rapunzel, it’s time to head in.

Рапунцель, когда-нибудь ты станешь королевой.

Rapunzel, you are going to be queen someday.

Рапунцель, этой ночью у нас с мамой состоялся разговор.

Rapunzel, last night, your mother and I had a discussion.

Тогда ещё у меня была причёска как у Рапунцель.

When that went up there, I had hair like Rapunzel.

Рапунцель принцесса, которая выросла со случайным образом жизни.

Rapunzel is a princess who has grown up with a casual lifestyle.

Принцесса Рапунцель едет в волшебную страну сказочных принцесс.

Princess Rapunzel travels to a magical land of fairy princesses.

Очаровательная принцесса Рапунцель решила сделать новую прическу с удивительной окраской волос.

The adorable princess Rapunzel decide to have new hairstyle with awesome hair coloring.

Прибыв в покои своего отца, Рапунцель находит короля в расстроенном состоянии.

Upon arriving within her father’s quarters, Rapunzel finds the king in a distraught state.

Из окна своей башни Рапунцель замечает человека, выкапывающего ночной корень.

From her tower window, Rapunzel notices a man digging up night root.

Например, в своей первоначальной версии Рапунцель забеременела от принца после случайного побега.

In its original version, for example, Rapunzel gets pregnant by the prince after a casual fling.

Юная Рапунцель живет в высокой башне.

The young Rapunzel lives in a high tower.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Результатов: 658. Точных совпадений: 658. Затраченное время: 61 мс

Documents

Корпоративные решения

Спряжение

Синонимы

Корректор

Справка и о нас

Индекс слова: 1-300, 301-600, 601-900

Индекс выражения: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200

Индекс фразы: 1-400, 401-800, 801-1200