Как пишется rockstar games

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rockstar Games, Inc.

Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Predecessor	BMG Interactive
Founded	December 1998; 24 years ago
Founders	Terry Donovan Gary Foreman Dan Houser Sam Houser Jamie King
Headquarters	New York City , US
Key people	Sam Houser (president) Jennifer Kolbe (vice president)[1]
Products	Grand Theft Auto Manhunt Max Payne Midnight Club Red Dead Bully
Number of employees	>2,000 (2018)
Parent	Take-Two Interactive
Subsidiaries	See § Studios
Website	rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in New York City. The company was established in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Take-Two Interactive, using the assets Take-Two had previously acquired from BMG Interactive. Founding members of the company were Terry Donovan, Gary Foreman, Dan and Sam Houser, and Jamie King, who worked for Take-Two at the time, and of which the Houser brothers were previously executives at BMG Interactive. Sam Houser heads the studio as president.^[2]

Since 1999, several companies acquired by or established under Take-Two have become part of Rockstar Games, such as Rockstar Canada (later renamed Rockstar Toronto) becoming the first one in 1999, and Rockstar Dundee the most recent in 2020. All companies organized under Rockstar Games bear the «Rockstar» name and logo. In this context, Rockstar Games is sometimes also referred to as Rockstar New York, Rockstar NY or Rockstar NYC. Rockstar Games also sports a motion capture studio in Bethpage, New York.^[2]

Rockstar Games predominantly publishes games in the action-adventure genre, while racing games also saw success for the company. One of such action-adventure game franchises is Grand Theft Auto, which Rockstar Games took over from BMG Interactive, which published the series’ original 1997 entry. The most recent main game in the series, Grand Theft Auto V, has sold over 170 million copies since its release in September 2013, making it the second-best-selling video game of all time. Other popular franchises published by Rockstar Games are Red Dead, Midnight Club, Max Payne and Manhunt.^[3]

History

On March 12, 1998, Take-Two Interactive announced its acquisition of the assets of dormant British video game publisher BMG Interactive from BMG Entertainment (a unit of Bertelsmann). In exchange, Take-Two was to issue 1.85 million shares (around 16%) of its common stock to BMG Entertainment.^[4][5] Through this acquisition, Take-Two obtained several of BMG Interactive’s former intellectual properties, including DMA Design’s Grand Theft Auto and Space Station Silicon Valley.^[6][7] The deal was announced to have closed on March 25.^[8] Three BMG Interactive executives—Dan Houser, Sam Houser, and Jamie King—as well as Gary Foreman of BMG Interactive and Terry Donovan of BMG Entertainment’s Arista Records record label, subsequently moved to New York City to work for Take-Two Interactive.^[6][9][10] In a restructuring announced that April, Sam Houser was appointed as Take-Two’s «vice president of worldwide product development».^[11] In December 1998, the Houser brothers, Donovan and King established Rockstar Games as the «high-end» publishing label of Take-Two.^{[6][12][13][14]} The formation was formally announced on January 22, 1999.^[15]

In January 2007, Take-Two announced that Donovan, until then managing director for Rockstar Games, had left the company following a four-month leave of absence.^[16] He was succeeded by Gary Dale, who became chief operating officer.^[17] Dale previously worked with the Houser brothers and King at BMG Interactive, but left the company when it was acquired by Take-Two Interactive, and joined Capcom’s European operations as managing director in 2003.^[18][19]

As of February 2014, Rockstar Games titles have shipped more than 250 million copies,^[20] the largest franchise being the Grand Theft Auto series, which alone has shipments of at least 250 million as of November 2016.^[21] Grand Theft Auto V shipped the highest number of units within the series’ and the company’s history, with over 170 million copies,^[22] making it the second best-selling video game of all time.^[23]

At the 10th British Academy Games Awards in March 2014, Rockstar Games was honored with the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award for «creating intricately layered interactive worlds that have kept the company at the forefront of the gaming industry for over a decade, both critically and commercially».^[24][25] Jennifer Kolbe, who started at the front desk of Take-Two, acts as Rockstar Games’ head of publishing and oversees all development studios.^[2][26] Simon Ramsey is the company’s head of PR and communications.^[26]

In May 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they were acquiring Dhruva Interactive from Starbreeze Studios for $7.9 million, with the sale being finalized later that month and the Dhruva team merged into Rockstar India.^[27][28]

In September 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they had released their own game launcher, a digital distribution, digital rights management, multiplayer and communications service.^[29] After having taken an extended break following the release of Red Dead Redemption 2 in early 2019, Dan Houser left Rockstar Games on March 11, 2020.^[30]

The company acquired the Scottish studio Ruffian Games in October 2020, rebranding the studio as Rockstar Dundee.^[31]

In September 2022, Rockstar was the target of a data breach in which 90 videos from the development of the upcoming Grand Theft Auto game were leaked.^[32][33] Rockstar described the leak as a «network intrusion», and noted that it was «extremely disappointed» by the manner in which the game was first demonstrated, but that it did not anticipate long-term effects on development.^[34]

Company philosophy

In October 2011, Dan Houser told Famitsu that Rockstar Games was intentionally avoiding developing games in the first-person shooter genre, because «it is in our DNA to avoid doing what other companies are doing … the goalpoint of Rockstar is to have the players really feel what we’re trying to do.»^[35][36] Houser went on to say «Our games up to now have been different from any genre that existed at the time; we made new genres by ourselves with games like the GTA series. We didn’t rely on testimonials in a business textbook to do what we’ve done. … If we make the sort of games we want to play, then we believe people are going to buy them.»^[37]

The company has been involved with charitable work ranging from supporting Movember and offering appearances in games as a raffle prize, to charity live streams.^[38][39]

Games

Other projects

Rockstar Loft

In 1999, Donovan and Sam Houser cooperated with John Davis to establish the Rockstar Loft club night. Davis had co-founded and been the promoter for Body & Soul, a «no-guestlist, no velvet rope party» held weekly at Tribeca’s Club Vinyl. When Rockstar Games’ founder originally arrived in New York City, former DJ Donovan was particularly impressed with Body & Soul, and they became close with the club night’s team, including Davis and its other founder, DJ François K. Davis had sought to establish further such events, while Donovan and Houser wanted to get publicity for the young Rockstar Games, thus they established Rockstar Loft. According to Donovan, the event was to serve as an alternative those that were overly expensive or had attendees «bulldozed by security». He precluded video game installations at the venue to focus on the music and highlight the artists.^[40]

As it could not afford frequent television advertisements, Rockstar Games resorted to guerrilla marketing teams distributing fly posters and stickers. Tickets for Rockstar Loft were not sold in advance. Instead, potential guests were to call a phone number and face seven questions regarding their personality. If answered to the liking of the operator, the caller would receive their entry ticket in the mail.^[40] The first Rockstar Loft was held in western Chelsea, Manhattan, on October 30, 1999, with Andi Hanley (a regular of Body & Soul), Bob Sinclar, and Dimitri from Paris as headlining DJs.^[40][41] Thereafter, it was held «every few months», with one happening on February 19, 2000.^[40][42] Later that year, Rockstar Loft was wound down.^[40]

Films

Kirk Ewing—a friend of the Houser brothers who had worked with Rockstar Games on State of Emergency—stated that, around the release of Grand Theft Auto III in 2001, Rockstar Games had been offered $5 million for a film based on the Grand Theft Auto franchise. He had received a phone call from a producer in Los Angeles requesting the rights for a film to be directed by Tony Scott of Top Gun and starring rapper Eminem. When he relaid this proposal to Sam Houser, Houser said that he was not interested.^[43] In 2004, Rockstar Games produced the sports drama film The Football Factory. Based on the book of the same name by John King, the film revolves around organized football hooliganism in the United Kingdom.^[44] The company also produced Sunday Driver, a documentary about the Majestics Lowrider Club in Compton, California, and The Introduction, an animated film that details the events leading up to Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Both were bundled with the game’s special edition released in 2005.^[45]

CircoLoco Records

In May 2021, Rockstar Games launched the record label CircoLoco Records in collaboration with Circoloco, an Ibiza-based dance party. The collaboration grew from a friendship between Sam Houser and Circoloco’s promoter, Antonio Carbonaro. According to Nick Benedetti, the party’s manager, Rockstar Games and Circoloco intended to «contribute something new and meaningful» to the dance music scene, which had faced hardships because of the lockdowns brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.^[46] CircoLoco Records’ first release, Monday Dreamin’, was released as a series of extended plays starting in June 2021.^[40][46]

Studios

Outside of its New York City headquarters, Rockstar Games operates nine subsidiary studios.^[47][48] All studios use the Rockstar Games logo with individual colors.^[49] As of 2018, the company employs more than 2,000 people across all offices.^[50] The studios frequently collaborate and are sometimes collectively credited as Rockstar Studios, as is the case in Max Payne 3 and Red Dead Redemption 2.^[47][51]

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Notes
	Rockstar Dundee	Dundee, Scotland	2008	2020
	Rockstar India	Bangalore, India	2016	—
	Rockstar Leeds	Leeds, England	1997	2004	Developer of Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, Liberty City Stories, and Vice City Stories
	Rockstar Lincoln	Lincoln, England	1992	2002	Handles localization and quality assurance
	Rockstar London	London, England	2005	—	Developer of Manhunt 2 and Midnight Club: L.A. Remix
	Rockstar New England	Andover, Massachusetts, US	1999	2008	Developer of Bully: Scholarship Edition
	Rockstar North	Edinburgh, Scotland	1987	2002	Developer of the Grand Theft Auto series and Manhunt
	Rockstar San Diego	Carlsbad, California, US	1984	2002	Developer of the Red Dead, Smuggler’s Run, and Midnight Club series
	Rockstar Toronto	Oakville, Ontario, Canada	Early 1980s	1999	Developer of The Warriors and several Windows ports

Former

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Closed	Notes
	Rockstar Vancouver	Vancouver, Canada	1998	2002	2012	Developer of Bully and Max Payne 3; merged into Rockstar Toronto in July 2012.
	Rockstar Vienna	Vienna, Austria	1993	2003	2006	Developer of several Xbox ports; closed down in May 2006

Software

RAGE

Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) is a game engine developed by the Rockstar San Diego-internal RAGE Technology Group, created to facilitate game development on all platforms since 2006.^[52]

Rockstar Games Social Club is an online gaming service created by Rockstar Games for authentication and multiplayer applications within their games.

Rockstar Games Launcher

Rockstar Games released its own games launcher for Windows on September 17, 2019. The launcher integrates with the user’s Social Club account, allowing them to download and buy games that they have previously purchased through Rockstar’s store, as well as launch Rockstar games available from other services, like Steam, from the launcher.^[53]

References

External links

• Official website

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rockstar Games, Inc.

Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Predecessor	BMG Interactive
Founded	December 1998; 24 years ago
Founders	Terry Donovan Gary Foreman Dan Houser Sam Houser Jamie King
Headquarters	New York City , US
Key people	Sam Houser (president) Jennifer Kolbe (vice president)[1]
Products	Grand Theft Auto Manhunt Max Payne Midnight Club Red Dead Bully
Number of employees	>2,000 (2018)
Parent	Take-Two Interactive
Subsidiaries	See § Studios
Website	rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in New York City. The company was established in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Take-Two Interactive, using the assets Take-Two had previously acquired from BMG Interactive. Founding members of the company were Terry Donovan, Gary Foreman, Dan and Sam Houser, and Jamie King, who worked for Take-Two at the time, and of which the Houser brothers were previously executives at BMG Interactive. Sam Houser heads the studio as president.^[2]

Since 1999, several companies acquired by or established under Take-Two have become part of Rockstar Games, such as Rockstar Canada (later renamed Rockstar Toronto) becoming the first one in 1999, and Rockstar Dundee the most recent in 2020. All companies organized under Rockstar Games bear the «Rockstar» name and logo. In this context, Rockstar Games is sometimes also referred to as Rockstar New York, Rockstar NY or Rockstar NYC. Rockstar Games also sports a motion capture studio in Bethpage, New York.^[2]

Rockstar Games predominantly publishes games in the action-adventure genre, while racing games also saw success for the company. One of such action-adventure game franchises is Grand Theft Auto, which Rockstar Games took over from BMG Interactive, which published the series’ original 1997 entry. The most recent main game in the series, Grand Theft Auto V, has sold over 170 million copies since its release in September 2013, making it the second-best-selling video game of all time. Other popular franchises published by Rockstar Games are Red Dead, Midnight Club, Max Payne and Manhunt.^[3]

History

On March 12, 1998, Take-Two Interactive announced its acquisition of the assets of dormant British video game publisher BMG Interactive from BMG Entertainment (a unit of Bertelsmann). In exchange, Take-Two was to issue 1.85 million shares (around 16%) of its common stock to BMG Entertainment.^[4][5] Through this acquisition, Take-Two obtained several of BMG Interactive’s former intellectual properties, including DMA Design’s Grand Theft Auto and Space Station Silicon Valley.^[6][7] The deal was announced to have closed on March 25.^[8] Three BMG Interactive executives—Dan Houser, Sam Houser, and Jamie King—as well as Gary Foreman of BMG Interactive and Terry Donovan of BMG Entertainment’s Arista Records record label, subsequently moved to New York City to work for Take-Two Interactive.^[6][9][10] In a restructuring announced that April, Sam Houser was appointed as Take-Two’s «vice president of worldwide product development».^[11] In December 1998, the Houser brothers, Donovan and King established Rockstar Games as the «high-end» publishing label of Take-Two.^{[6][12][13][14]} The formation was formally announced on January 22, 1999.^[15]

In January 2007, Take-Two announced that Donovan, until then managing director for Rockstar Games, had left the company following a four-month leave of absence.^[16] He was succeeded by Gary Dale, who became chief operating officer.^[17] Dale previously worked with the Houser brothers and King at BMG Interactive, but left the company when it was acquired by Take-Two Interactive, and joined Capcom’s European operations as managing director in 2003.^[18][19]

As of February 2014, Rockstar Games titles have shipped more than 250 million copies,^[20] the largest franchise being the Grand Theft Auto series, which alone has shipments of at least 250 million as of November 2016.^[21] Grand Theft Auto V shipped the highest number of units within the series’ and the company’s history, with over 170 million copies,^[22] making it the second best-selling video game of all time.^[23]

At the 10th British Academy Games Awards in March 2014, Rockstar Games was honored with the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award for «creating intricately layered interactive worlds that have kept the company at the forefront of the gaming industry for over a decade, both critically and commercially».^[24][25] Jennifer Kolbe, who started at the front desk of Take-Two, acts as Rockstar Games’ head of publishing and oversees all development studios.^[2][26] Simon Ramsey is the company’s head of PR and communications.^[26]

In May 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they were acquiring Dhruva Interactive from Starbreeze Studios for $7.9 million, with the sale being finalized later that month and the Dhruva team merged into Rockstar India.^[27][28]

In September 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they had released their own game launcher, a digital distribution, digital rights management, multiplayer and communications service.^[29] After having taken an extended break following the release of Red Dead Redemption 2 in early 2019, Dan Houser left Rockstar Games on March 11, 2020.^[30]

The company acquired the Scottish studio Ruffian Games in October 2020, rebranding the studio as Rockstar Dundee.^[31]

In September 2022, Rockstar was the target of a data breach in which 90 videos from the development of the upcoming Grand Theft Auto game were leaked.^[32][33] Rockstar described the leak as a «network intrusion», and noted that it was «extremely disappointed» by the manner in which the game was first demonstrated, but that it did not anticipate long-term effects on development.^[34]

Company philosophy

In October 2011, Dan Houser told Famitsu that Rockstar Games was intentionally avoiding developing games in the first-person shooter genre, because «it is in our DNA to avoid doing what other companies are doing … the goalpoint of Rockstar is to have the players really feel what we’re trying to do.»^[35][36] Houser went on to say «Our games up to now have been different from any genre that existed at the time; we made new genres by ourselves with games like the GTA series. We didn’t rely on testimonials in a business textbook to do what we’ve done. … If we make the sort of games we want to play, then we believe people are going to buy them.»^[37]

The company has been involved with charitable work ranging from supporting Movember and offering appearances in games as a raffle prize, to charity live streams.^[38][39]

Games

Other projects

Rockstar Loft

In 1999, Donovan and Sam Houser cooperated with John Davis to establish the Rockstar Loft club night. Davis had co-founded and been the promoter for Body & Soul, a «no-guestlist, no velvet rope party» held weekly at Tribeca’s Club Vinyl. When Rockstar Games’ founder originally arrived in New York City, former DJ Donovan was particularly impressed with Body & Soul, and they became close with the club night’s team, including Davis and its other founder, DJ François K. Davis had sought to establish further such events, while Donovan and Houser wanted to get publicity for the young Rockstar Games, thus they established Rockstar Loft. According to Donovan, the event was to serve as an alternative those that were overly expensive or had attendees «bulldozed by security». He precluded video game installations at the venue to focus on the music and highlight the artists.^[40]

As it could not afford frequent television advertisements, Rockstar Games resorted to guerrilla marketing teams distributing fly posters and stickers. Tickets for Rockstar Loft were not sold in advance. Instead, potential guests were to call a phone number and face seven questions regarding their personality. If answered to the liking of the operator, the caller would receive their entry ticket in the mail.^[40] The first Rockstar Loft was held in western Chelsea, Manhattan, on October 30, 1999, with Andi Hanley (a regular of Body & Soul), Bob Sinclar, and Dimitri from Paris as headlining DJs.^[40][41] Thereafter, it was held «every few months», with one happening on February 19, 2000.^[40][42] Later that year, Rockstar Loft was wound down.^[40]

Films

Kirk Ewing—a friend of the Houser brothers who had worked with Rockstar Games on State of Emergency—stated that, around the release of Grand Theft Auto III in 2001, Rockstar Games had been offered $5 million for a film based on the Grand Theft Auto franchise. He had received a phone call from a producer in Los Angeles requesting the rights for a film to be directed by Tony Scott of Top Gun and starring rapper Eminem. When he relaid this proposal to Sam Houser, Houser said that he was not interested.^[43] In 2004, Rockstar Games produced the sports drama film The Football Factory. Based on the book of the same name by John King, the film revolves around organized football hooliganism in the United Kingdom.^[44] The company also produced Sunday Driver, a documentary about the Majestics Lowrider Club in Compton, California, and The Introduction, an animated film that details the events leading up to Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Both were bundled with the game’s special edition released in 2005.^[45]

CircoLoco Records

In May 2021, Rockstar Games launched the record label CircoLoco Records in collaboration with Circoloco, an Ibiza-based dance party. The collaboration grew from a friendship between Sam Houser and Circoloco’s promoter, Antonio Carbonaro. According to Nick Benedetti, the party’s manager, Rockstar Games and Circoloco intended to «contribute something new and meaningful» to the dance music scene, which had faced hardships because of the lockdowns brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.^[46] CircoLoco Records’ first release, Monday Dreamin’, was released as a series of extended plays starting in June 2021.^[40][46]

Studios

Outside of its New York City headquarters, Rockstar Games operates nine subsidiary studios.^[47][48] All studios use the Rockstar Games logo with individual colors.^[49] As of 2018, the company employs more than 2,000 people across all offices.^[50] The studios frequently collaborate and are sometimes collectively credited as Rockstar Studios, as is the case in Max Payne 3 and Red Dead Redemption 2.^[47][51]

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Notes
	Rockstar Dundee	Dundee, Scotland	2008	2020
	Rockstar India	Bangalore, India	2016	—
	Rockstar Leeds	Leeds, England	1997	2004	Developer of Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, Liberty City Stories, and Vice City Stories
	Rockstar Lincoln	Lincoln, England	1992	2002	Handles localization and quality assurance
	Rockstar London	London, England	2005	—	Developer of Manhunt 2 and Midnight Club: L.A. Remix
	Rockstar New England	Andover, Massachusetts, US	1999	2008	Developer of Bully: Scholarship Edition
	Rockstar North	Edinburgh, Scotland	1987	2002	Developer of the Grand Theft Auto series and Manhunt
	Rockstar San Diego	Carlsbad, California, US	1984	2002	Developer of the Red Dead, Smuggler’s Run, and Midnight Club series
	Rockstar Toronto	Oakville, Ontario, Canada	Early 1980s	1999	Developer of The Warriors and several Windows ports

Former

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Closed	Notes
	Rockstar Vancouver	Vancouver, Canada	1998	2002	2012	Developer of Bully and Max Payne 3; merged into Rockstar Toronto in July 2012.
	Rockstar Vienna	Vienna, Austria	1993	2003	2006	Developer of several Xbox ports; closed down in May 2006

Software

RAGE

Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) is a game engine developed by the Rockstar San Diego-internal RAGE Technology Group, created to facilitate game development on all platforms since 2006.^[52]

Rockstar Games Social Club is an online gaming service created by Rockstar Games for authentication and multiplayer applications within their games.

Rockstar Games Launcher

Rockstar Games released its own games launcher for Windows on September 17, 2019. The launcher integrates with the user’s Social Club account, allowing them to download and buy games that they have previously purchased through Rockstar’s store, as well as launch Rockstar games available from other services, like Steam, from the launcher.^[53]

References

External links

• Official website

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rockstar Games, Inc.

Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Predecessor	BMG Interactive
Founded	December 1998; 24 years ago
Founders	Terry Donovan Gary Foreman Dan Houser Sam Houser Jamie King
Headquarters	New York City , US
Key people	Sam Houser (president) Jennifer Kolbe (vice president)[1]
Products	Grand Theft Auto Manhunt Max Payne Midnight Club Red Dead Bully
Number of employees	>2,000 (2018)
Parent	Take-Two Interactive
Subsidiaries	See § Studios
Website	rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in New York City. The company was established in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Take-Two Interactive, using the assets Take-Two had previously acquired from BMG Interactive. Founding members of the company were Terry Donovan, Gary Foreman, Dan and Sam Houser, and Jamie King, who worked for Take-Two at the time, and of which the Houser brothers were previously executives at BMG Interactive. Sam Houser heads the studio as president.^[2]

Since 1999, several companies acquired by or established under Take-Two have become part of Rockstar Games, such as Rockstar Canada (later renamed Rockstar Toronto) becoming the first one in 1999, and Rockstar Dundee the most recent in 2020. All companies organized under Rockstar Games bear the «Rockstar» name and logo. In this context, Rockstar Games is sometimes also referred to as Rockstar New York, Rockstar NY or Rockstar NYC. Rockstar Games also sports a motion capture studio in Bethpage, New York.^[2]

Rockstar Games predominantly publishes games in the action-adventure genre, while racing games also saw success for the company. One of such action-adventure game franchises is Grand Theft Auto, which Rockstar Games took over from BMG Interactive, which published the series’ original 1997 entry. The most recent main game in the series, Grand Theft Auto V, has sold over 170 million copies since its release in September 2013, making it the second-best-selling video game of all time. Other popular franchises published by Rockstar Games are Red Dead, Midnight Club, Max Payne and Manhunt.^[3]

History

On March 12, 1998, Take-Two Interactive announced its acquisition of the assets of dormant British video game publisher BMG Interactive from BMG Entertainment (a unit of Bertelsmann). In exchange, Take-Two was to issue 1.85 million shares (around 16%) of its common stock to BMG Entertainment.^[4][5] Through this acquisition, Take-Two obtained several of BMG Interactive’s former intellectual properties, including DMA Design’s Grand Theft Auto and Space Station Silicon Valley.^[6][7] The deal was announced to have closed on March 25.^[8] Three BMG Interactive executives—Dan Houser, Sam Houser, and Jamie King—as well as Gary Foreman of BMG Interactive and Terry Donovan of BMG Entertainment’s Arista Records record label, subsequently moved to New York City to work for Take-Two Interactive.^[6][9][10] In a restructuring announced that April, Sam Houser was appointed as Take-Two’s «vice president of worldwide product development».^[11] In December 1998, the Houser brothers, Donovan and King established Rockstar Games as the «high-end» publishing label of Take-Two.^{[6][12][13][14]} The formation was formally announced on January 22, 1999.^[15]

In January 2007, Take-Two announced that Donovan, until then managing director for Rockstar Games, had left the company following a four-month leave of absence.^[16] He was succeeded by Gary Dale, who became chief operating officer.^[17] Dale previously worked with the Houser brothers and King at BMG Interactive, but left the company when it was acquired by Take-Two Interactive, and joined Capcom’s European operations as managing director in 2003.^[18][19]

As of February 2014, Rockstar Games titles have shipped more than 250 million copies,^[20] the largest franchise being the Grand Theft Auto series, which alone has shipments of at least 250 million as of November 2016.^[21] Grand Theft Auto V shipped the highest number of units within the series’ and the company’s history, with over 170 million copies,^[22] making it the second best-selling video game of all time.^[23]

At the 10th British Academy Games Awards in March 2014, Rockstar Games was honored with the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award for «creating intricately layered interactive worlds that have kept the company at the forefront of the gaming industry for over a decade, both critically and commercially».^[24][25] Jennifer Kolbe, who started at the front desk of Take-Two, acts as Rockstar Games’ head of publishing and oversees all development studios.^[2][26] Simon Ramsey is the company’s head of PR and communications.^[26]

In May 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they were acquiring Dhruva Interactive from Starbreeze Studios for $7.9 million, with the sale being finalized later that month and the Dhruva team merged into Rockstar India.^[27][28]

In September 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they had released their own game launcher, a digital distribution, digital rights management, multiplayer and communications service.^[29] After having taken an extended break following the release of Red Dead Redemption 2 in early 2019, Dan Houser left Rockstar Games on March 11, 2020.^[30]

The company acquired the Scottish studio Ruffian Games in October 2020, rebranding the studio as Rockstar Dundee.^[31]

In September 2022, Rockstar was the target of a data breach in which 90 videos from the development of the upcoming Grand Theft Auto game were leaked.^[32][33] Rockstar described the leak as a «network intrusion», and noted that it was «extremely disappointed» by the manner in which the game was first demonstrated, but that it did not anticipate long-term effects on development.^[34]

Company philosophy

In October 2011, Dan Houser told Famitsu that Rockstar Games was intentionally avoiding developing games in the first-person shooter genre, because «it is in our DNA to avoid doing what other companies are doing … the goalpoint of Rockstar is to have the players really feel what we’re trying to do.»^[35][36] Houser went on to say «Our games up to now have been different from any genre that existed at the time; we made new genres by ourselves with games like the GTA series. We didn’t rely on testimonials in a business textbook to do what we’ve done. … If we make the sort of games we want to play, then we believe people are going to buy them.»^[37]

The company has been involved with charitable work ranging from supporting Movember and offering appearances in games as a raffle prize, to charity live streams.^[38][39]

Games

Other projects

Rockstar Loft

In 1999, Donovan and Sam Houser cooperated with John Davis to establish the Rockstar Loft club night. Davis had co-founded and been the promoter for Body & Soul, a «no-guestlist, no velvet rope party» held weekly at Tribeca’s Club Vinyl. When Rockstar Games’ founder originally arrived in New York City, former DJ Donovan was particularly impressed with Body & Soul, and they became close with the club night’s team, including Davis and its other founder, DJ François K. Davis had sought to establish further such events, while Donovan and Houser wanted to get publicity for the young Rockstar Games, thus they established Rockstar Loft. According to Donovan, the event was to serve as an alternative those that were overly expensive or had attendees «bulldozed by security». He precluded video game installations at the venue to focus on the music and highlight the artists.^[40]

As it could not afford frequent television advertisements, Rockstar Games resorted to guerrilla marketing teams distributing fly posters and stickers. Tickets for Rockstar Loft were not sold in advance. Instead, potential guests were to call a phone number and face seven questions regarding their personality. If answered to the liking of the operator, the caller would receive their entry ticket in the mail.^[40] The first Rockstar Loft was held in western Chelsea, Manhattan, on October 30, 1999, with Andi Hanley (a regular of Body & Soul), Bob Sinclar, and Dimitri from Paris as headlining DJs.^[40][41] Thereafter, it was held «every few months», with one happening on February 19, 2000.^[40][42] Later that year, Rockstar Loft was wound down.^[40]

Films

Kirk Ewing—a friend of the Houser brothers who had worked with Rockstar Games on State of Emergency—stated that, around the release of Grand Theft Auto III in 2001, Rockstar Games had been offered $5 million for a film based on the Grand Theft Auto franchise. He had received a phone call from a producer in Los Angeles requesting the rights for a film to be directed by Tony Scott of Top Gun and starring rapper Eminem. When he relaid this proposal to Sam Houser, Houser said that he was not interested.^[43] In 2004, Rockstar Games produced the sports drama film The Football Factory. Based on the book of the same name by John King, the film revolves around organized football hooliganism in the United Kingdom.^[44] The company also produced Sunday Driver, a documentary about the Majestics Lowrider Club in Compton, California, and The Introduction, an animated film that details the events leading up to Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Both were bundled with the game’s special edition released in 2005.^[45]

CircoLoco Records

In May 2021, Rockstar Games launched the record label CircoLoco Records in collaboration with Circoloco, an Ibiza-based dance party. The collaboration grew from a friendship between Sam Houser and Circoloco’s promoter, Antonio Carbonaro. According to Nick Benedetti, the party’s manager, Rockstar Games and Circoloco intended to «contribute something new and meaningful» to the dance music scene, which had faced hardships because of the lockdowns brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.^[46] CircoLoco Records’ first release, Monday Dreamin’, was released as a series of extended plays starting in June 2021.^[40][46]

Studios

Outside of its New York City headquarters, Rockstar Games operates nine subsidiary studios.^[47][48] All studios use the Rockstar Games logo with individual colors.^[49] As of 2018, the company employs more than 2,000 people across all offices.^[50] The studios frequently collaborate and are sometimes collectively credited as Rockstar Studios, as is the case in Max Payne 3 and Red Dead Redemption 2.^[47][51]

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Notes
	Rockstar Dundee	Dundee, Scotland	2008	2020
	Rockstar India	Bangalore, India	2016	—
	Rockstar Leeds	Leeds, England	1997	2004	Developer of Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, Liberty City Stories, and Vice City Stories
	Rockstar Lincoln	Lincoln, England	1992	2002	Handles localization and quality assurance
	Rockstar London	London, England	2005	—	Developer of Manhunt 2 and Midnight Club: L.A. Remix
	Rockstar New England	Andover, Massachusetts, US	1999	2008	Developer of Bully: Scholarship Edition
	Rockstar North	Edinburgh, Scotland	1987	2002	Developer of the Grand Theft Auto series and Manhunt
	Rockstar San Diego	Carlsbad, California, US	1984	2002	Developer of the Red Dead, Smuggler’s Run, and Midnight Club series
	Rockstar Toronto	Oakville, Ontario, Canada	Early 1980s	1999	Developer of The Warriors and several Windows ports

Former

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Closed	Notes
	Rockstar Vancouver	Vancouver, Canada	1998	2002	2012	Developer of Bully and Max Payne 3; merged into Rockstar Toronto in July 2012.
	Rockstar Vienna	Vienna, Austria	1993	2003	2006	Developer of several Xbox ports; closed down in May 2006

Software

RAGE

Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) is a game engine developed by the Rockstar San Diego-internal RAGE Technology Group, created to facilitate game development on all platforms since 2006.^[52]

Rockstar Games Social Club is an online gaming service created by Rockstar Games for authentication and multiplayer applications within their games.

Rockstar Games Launcher

Rockstar Games released its own games launcher for Windows on September 17, 2019. The launcher integrates with the user’s Social Club account, allowing them to download and buy games that they have previously purchased through Rockstar’s store, as well as launch Rockstar games available from other services, like Steam, from the launcher.^[53]

References

External links

• Official website

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rockstar Games, Inc.

Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Video games
Predecessor	BMG Interactive
Founded	December 1998; 24 years ago
Founders	Terry Donovan Gary Foreman Dan Houser Sam Houser Jamie King
Headquarters	New York City , US
Key people	Sam Houser (president) Jennifer Kolbe (vice president)[1]
Products	Grand Theft Auto Manhunt Max Payne Midnight Club Red Dead Bully
Number of employees	>2,000 (2018)
Parent	Take-Two Interactive
Subsidiaries	See § Studios
Website	rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in New York City. The company was established in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Take-Two Interactive, using the assets Take-Two had previously acquired from BMG Interactive. Founding members of the company were Terry Donovan, Gary Foreman, Dan and Sam Houser, and Jamie King, who worked for Take-Two at the time, and of which the Houser brothers were previously executives at BMG Interactive. Sam Houser heads the studio as president.^[2]

Since 1999, several companies acquired by or established under Take-Two have become part of Rockstar Games, such as Rockstar Canada (later renamed Rockstar Toronto) becoming the first one in 1999, and Rockstar Dundee the most recent in 2020. All companies organized under Rockstar Games bear the «Rockstar» name and logo. In this context, Rockstar Games is sometimes also referred to as Rockstar New York, Rockstar NY or Rockstar NYC. Rockstar Games also sports a motion capture studio in Bethpage, New York.^[2]

Rockstar Games predominantly publishes games in the action-adventure genre, while racing games also saw success for the company. One of such action-adventure game franchises is Grand Theft Auto, which Rockstar Games took over from BMG Interactive, which published the series’ original 1997 entry. The most recent main game in the series, Grand Theft Auto V, has sold over 170 million copies since its release in September 2013, making it the second-best-selling video game of all time. Other popular franchises published by Rockstar Games are Red Dead, Midnight Club, Max Payne and Manhunt.^[3]

History

On March 12, 1998, Take-Two Interactive announced its acquisition of the assets of dormant British video game publisher BMG Interactive from BMG Entertainment (a unit of Bertelsmann). In exchange, Take-Two was to issue 1.85 million shares (around 16%) of its common stock to BMG Entertainment.^[4][5] Through this acquisition, Take-Two obtained several of BMG Interactive’s former intellectual properties, including DMA Design’s Grand Theft Auto and Space Station Silicon Valley.^[6][7] The deal was announced to have closed on March 25.^[8] Three BMG Interactive executives—Dan Houser, Sam Houser, and Jamie King—as well as Gary Foreman of BMG Interactive and Terry Donovan of BMG Entertainment’s Arista Records record label, subsequently moved to New York City to work for Take-Two Interactive.^[6][9][10] In a restructuring announced that April, Sam Houser was appointed as Take-Two’s «vice president of worldwide product development».^[11] In December 1998, the Houser brothers, Donovan and King established Rockstar Games as the «high-end» publishing label of Take-Two.^{[6][12][13][14]} The formation was formally announced on January 22, 1999.^[15]

In January 2007, Take-Two announced that Donovan, until then managing director for Rockstar Games, had left the company following a four-month leave of absence.^[16] He was succeeded by Gary Dale, who became chief operating officer.^[17] Dale previously worked with the Houser brothers and King at BMG Interactive, but left the company when it was acquired by Take-Two Interactive, and joined Capcom’s European operations as managing director in 2003.^[18][19]

As of February 2014, Rockstar Games titles have shipped more than 250 million copies,^[20] the largest franchise being the Grand Theft Auto series, which alone has shipments of at least 250 million as of November 2016.^[21] Grand Theft Auto V shipped the highest number of units within the series’ and the company’s history, with over 170 million copies,^[22] making it the second best-selling video game of all time.^[23]

At the 10th British Academy Games Awards in March 2014, Rockstar Games was honored with the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award for «creating intricately layered interactive worlds that have kept the company at the forefront of the gaming industry for over a decade, both critically and commercially».^[24][25] Jennifer Kolbe, who started at the front desk of Take-Two, acts as Rockstar Games’ head of publishing and oversees all development studios.^[2][26] Simon Ramsey is the company’s head of PR and communications.^[26]

In May 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they were acquiring Dhruva Interactive from Starbreeze Studios for $7.9 million, with the sale being finalized later that month and the Dhruva team merged into Rockstar India.^[27][28]

In September 2019, Rockstar Games announced that they had released their own game launcher, a digital distribution, digital rights management, multiplayer and communications service.^[29] After having taken an extended break following the release of Red Dead Redemption 2 in early 2019, Dan Houser left Rockstar Games on March 11, 2020.^[30]

The company acquired the Scottish studio Ruffian Games in October 2020, rebranding the studio as Rockstar Dundee.^[31]

In September 2022, Rockstar was the target of a data breach in which 90 videos from the development of the upcoming Grand Theft Auto game were leaked.^[32][33] Rockstar described the leak as a «network intrusion», and noted that it was «extremely disappointed» by the manner in which the game was first demonstrated, but that it did not anticipate long-term effects on development.^[34]

Company philosophy

In October 2011, Dan Houser told Famitsu that Rockstar Games was intentionally avoiding developing games in the first-person shooter genre, because «it is in our DNA to avoid doing what other companies are doing … the goalpoint of Rockstar is to have the players really feel what we’re trying to do.»^[35][36] Houser went on to say «Our games up to now have been different from any genre that existed at the time; we made new genres by ourselves with games like the GTA series. We didn’t rely on testimonials in a business textbook to do what we’ve done. … If we make the sort of games we want to play, then we believe people are going to buy them.»^[37]

The company has been involved with charitable work ranging from supporting Movember and offering appearances in games as a raffle prize, to charity live streams.^[38][39]

Games

Other projects

Rockstar Loft

In 1999, Donovan and Sam Houser cooperated with John Davis to establish the Rockstar Loft club night. Davis had co-founded and been the promoter for Body & Soul, a «no-guestlist, no velvet rope party» held weekly at Tribeca’s Club Vinyl. When Rockstar Games’ founder originally arrived in New York City, former DJ Donovan was particularly impressed with Body & Soul, and they became close with the club night’s team, including Davis and its other founder, DJ François K. Davis had sought to establish further such events, while Donovan and Houser wanted to get publicity for the young Rockstar Games, thus they established Rockstar Loft. According to Donovan, the event was to serve as an alternative those that were overly expensive or had attendees «bulldozed by security». He precluded video game installations at the venue to focus on the music and highlight the artists.^[40]

As it could not afford frequent television advertisements, Rockstar Games resorted to guerrilla marketing teams distributing fly posters and stickers. Tickets for Rockstar Loft were not sold in advance. Instead, potential guests were to call a phone number and face seven questions regarding their personality. If answered to the liking of the operator, the caller would receive their entry ticket in the mail.^[40] The first Rockstar Loft was held in western Chelsea, Manhattan, on October 30, 1999, with Andi Hanley (a regular of Body & Soul), Bob Sinclar, and Dimitri from Paris as headlining DJs.^[40][41] Thereafter, it was held «every few months», with one happening on February 19, 2000.^[40][42] Later that year, Rockstar Loft was wound down.^[40]

Films

Kirk Ewing—a friend of the Houser brothers who had worked with Rockstar Games on State of Emergency—stated that, around the release of Grand Theft Auto III in 2001, Rockstar Games had been offered $5 million for a film based on the Grand Theft Auto franchise. He had received a phone call from a producer in Los Angeles requesting the rights for a film to be directed by Tony Scott of Top Gun and starring rapper Eminem. When he relaid this proposal to Sam Houser, Houser said that he was not interested.^[43] In 2004, Rockstar Games produced the sports drama film The Football Factory. Based on the book of the same name by John King, the film revolves around organized football hooliganism in the United Kingdom.^[44] The company also produced Sunday Driver, a documentary about the Majestics Lowrider Club in Compton, California, and The Introduction, an animated film that details the events leading up to Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Both were bundled with the game’s special edition released in 2005.^[45]

CircoLoco Records

In May 2021, Rockstar Games launched the record label CircoLoco Records in collaboration with Circoloco, an Ibiza-based dance party. The collaboration grew from a friendship between Sam Houser and Circoloco’s promoter, Antonio Carbonaro. According to Nick Benedetti, the party’s manager, Rockstar Games and Circoloco intended to «contribute something new and meaningful» to the dance music scene, which had faced hardships because of the lockdowns brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.^[46] CircoLoco Records’ first release, Monday Dreamin’, was released as a series of extended plays starting in June 2021.^[40][46]

Studios

Outside of its New York City headquarters, Rockstar Games operates nine subsidiary studios.^[47][48] All studios use the Rockstar Games logo with individual colors.^[49] As of 2018, the company employs more than 2,000 people across all offices.^[50] The studios frequently collaborate and are sometimes collectively credited as Rockstar Studios, as is the case in Max Payne 3 and Red Dead Redemption 2.^[47][51]

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Notes
	Rockstar Dundee	Dundee, Scotland	2008	2020
	Rockstar India	Bangalore, India	2016	—
	Rockstar Leeds	Leeds, England	1997	2004	Developer of Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, Liberty City Stories, and Vice City Stories
	Rockstar Lincoln	Lincoln, England	1992	2002	Handles localization and quality assurance
	Rockstar London	London, England	2005	—	Developer of Manhunt 2 and Midnight Club: L.A. Remix
	Rockstar New England	Andover, Massachusetts, US	1999	2008	Developer of Bully: Scholarship Edition
	Rockstar North	Edinburgh, Scotland	1987	2002	Developer of the Grand Theft Auto series and Manhunt
	Rockstar San Diego	Carlsbad, California, US	1984	2002	Developer of the Red Dead, Smuggler’s Run, and Midnight Club series
	Rockstar Toronto	Oakville, Ontario, Canada	Early 1980s	1999	Developer of The Warriors and several Windows ports

Former

Logo	Name	Location	Founded	Acquired	Closed	Notes
	Rockstar Vancouver	Vancouver, Canada	1998	2002	2012	Developer of Bully and Max Payne 3; merged into Rockstar Toronto in July 2012.
	Rockstar Vienna	Vienna, Austria	1993	2003	2006	Developer of several Xbox ports; closed down in May 2006

Software

RAGE

Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) is a game engine developed by the Rockstar San Diego-internal RAGE Technology Group, created to facilitate game development on all platforms since 2006.^[52]

Rockstar Games Social Club is an online gaming service created by Rockstar Games for authentication and multiplayer applications within their games.

Rockstar Games Launcher

Rockstar Games released its own games launcher for Windows on September 17, 2019. The launcher integrates with the user’s Social Club account, allowing them to download and buy games that they have previously purchased through Rockstar’s store, as well as launch Rockstar games available from other services, like Steam, from the launcher.^[53]

References

External links

• Official website

Rockstar NYC
Тип	Частная компания
Год основания	1998
Расположение	Нью-Йорк, США
Ключевые фигуры	Сэм Хаузер, Терри Донован, Дэн Хаузер, Джейми Кинг, Гэри Формен
Отрасль	Индустрия компьютерных игр
Продукция	серия Grand Theft Auto серия Midnight Club серия Manhunt серия Max Payne серия Red Dead и другое…
Материнская компания	Take-Two Interactive
Сайт	http://www.rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games (также известная, как Rockstar NYC) — компания по разработке видеоигр корпорации Take-Two Interactive, расположенная в США. Бренд компании широко известен по серии Grand Theft Auto , Midnight Club (англ.) и Max Payne (версии PS2, Xbox и GBA).

Многие студии в составе Take-Two Interactive были позже переименованы и стали частью Rockstar Games.

Rockstar Games была создана в 1998 году Сэмом Хаузером, Терри Донованом, Дэном Хаузером, Джейми Кингом и Гэри Форменом.^[1]

Студии Rockstar

Логотип	Название	Примечание
	Rockstar North	Самая известная студия Rockstar, основанная в Эдинбурге, Шотландия. Прежде были известны, как DMA Design. Стали известны благодаря созданной ими серии Grand Theft Auto.
	Rockstar Japan	Студия по локализации в Японии.
	Rockstar Leeds	Ранее известная, как Mobius Entertainment и расположенная в Станниглей, Лидс. Студия создала серию портативных игр Grand Theft Auto. Ответственна за портирование L.A.Noire на РС.
	Rockstar Lincoln	Студия по локализации, ранее именовавшаяся «Tarantula Studios».
	Rockstar New England	Прежде известная, как Mad Doc Software.
	Rockstar London	Сформирована в ноябре 2005. Разработала игру Manhunt 2.
	Rockstar San Diego	Изначально «Angel Studios». Разработали Midnight Club, Red Dead Revolver и Red Dead Redemption.
	Rockstar Toronto	Домашняя студия Take-Two, прежде известная, как Rockstar Canada. Их наиболее известная игра — адаптация культового фильма The Warriors, а также портированием игр на PC (прим. Grand Theft Auto).
	Rockstar Vancouver	Прежде известные, как Barking Dog Studios. Они разработали игры Bully и Max Payne 3. Студия упразднена 9 июля 2012.
	Rockstar Vienna	Прежде известные, как neo Software. Cтудия была закрыта 11 мая 2006.[2]

Другие компании, разрабатывающие игры для Rockstar Games

• Bungie, разработавшие популярный шутер Halo и создавшие для Rockstar Oni. Перед тем, как Bungie была куплена Microsoft, «Halo» была выпущена на Mac и PC с Rockstar в качестве издателя.
• Capcom разрабатывали в качестве Rockstar San Diego игру Red Dead Revolver и также имеют права на издание серии Grand Theft Auto в Японии.
• Dubtitled и Мик Ньюманн работали над State of Emergency и серией Grand Theft Auto.
• Digital Eclipse Software в сотрудничестве с Rockstar North работали над Grand Theft Auto Advance.
• Edge of Reality разработали Monster Truck Madness 64.
• Opus, в сотрудничестве ASCII Entertainment разработали Surfing H3O.
• Pixelogic разработали The Italian Job.
• Remedy Entertainment разработали Max Payne и Max Payne 2.
• Team Bondi разработали L.A. Noire для Rockstar.
• VIS Entertainment разрабатывали State of Emergency.
• Z-Axis разработали Thrasher presents Skate and Destroy.

Игры

Игра	Год	Платформы
Grand Theft Auto	1997	PlayStation, Microsoft Windows, Game Boy Color
Earthworm Jim 3D	1999	Nintendo 64
Grand Theft Auto: London, 1969	1999	PlayStation, Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto: London, 1961	1999	Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto 2	1999	PlayStation, Dreamcast, Game Boy Color, Microsoft Windows
Thrasher Presents Skate And Destroy	1999	PlayStation
Austin Powers: Oh Behave	2000	Game Boy Color
Austin Powers: Welcome to My Underground Lair!	2000	Game Boy Color
Wild Metal: Reclaim the Future	2000	Dreamcast
Midnight Club: Street Racing	2000	PlayStation 2
Surfing H3O	2000	PlayStation 2
Smuggler’s Run	2000	PlayStation 2
Smuggler’s Run 2: Hostile Territory	2001	PlayStation 2
Oni	2001	PlayStation 2, Microsoft Windows
Max Payne	2001	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Game Boy Advance, Xbox 360, iOS, Android
Grand Theft Auto III	2001	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, iOS, Android, PlayStation 3
The Italian Job	2002	PlayStation, Microsoft Windows
State of Emergency	2002	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows
Smuggler’s Run Warzones	2002	Nintendo GameCube
Grand Theft Auto: Vice City	2002	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, iOS, Android
Midnight Club 2	2003	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows
Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne	2003	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows
Manhunt	2003	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows
Red Dead Revolver	2004	PlayStation 2, Xbox
Grand Theft Auto Advance	2004	Game Boy Advance
Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas	2004	PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X
Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition	2005	PlayStation 2, Xbox, PlayStation Portable
The Warriors	2005	PlayStation 2, Xbox, PlayStation Portable
Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories	2005	PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 2
Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition Remix	2006	PlayStation 2, Xbox
Table Tennis	2006	Xbox 360, Wii
Bully	2006	PlayStation 2
Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories	2006	PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 2
Manhunt 2	2007	PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 2, Wii, MS Windows
Bully: Scholarship Edition	2008	Xbox 360, Wii, Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto IV	2008	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows
Midnight Club: Los Angeles	2008	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PSP
Midnight Club: L.A. Remix	2008	PlayStation Portable
Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned	2009	Xbox 360, Playstation 3, Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars	2009	Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable, iOS
Beaterator	2009	PlayStation Portable, PlayStation Network, iOS
Grand Theft Auto IV: The Ballad of Gay Tony	2009	Xbox 360, Playstation 3, Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto: Episodes from Liberty City	2009	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows
Red Dead Redemption	2010	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
Red Dead Redemption: Undead Nightmare	2010	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
L.A. Noire	2011	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows
Max Payne 3	2012	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows
Grand Theft Auto V	2013	PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
Agent	TBA	PlayStation 3

Технологии

• Rockstar Advanced Game Engine
• Rockstar Games Social Club

Примечания

Ссылки

	Rockstar Games на Викискладе?

• Rockstar Games
• Take-Two Interactive
• Rockstar Games на MobyGames

Студии

• Rockstar Japan
• Rockstar London
• Rockstar San Diego
• Rockstar New England
• Rockstar North
• Rockstar Toronto
• Rockstar Leeds
• Rockstar San Diego
• Rockstar Lincoln
• Rockstar Vancouver

Сообщества

• RockstarWatch
• Официальный фан-сайт Rockstar Games в России

Take-Two Interactive
Rockstar Games	Существующие студии Rockstar Japan · Rockstar Leeds · Rockstar Lincoln · Rockstar London · Rockstar New England · Rockstar North · Rockstar San Diego · Rockstar Toronto Бывшие студии Rockstar Vancouver · Rockstar Vienna
2K Games	Подразделения 2K Play · 2K Sports Существующие студии 2K Czech · 2K Marin · 2K China · Cat Daddy Games · Firaxis Games · Irrational Games · Visual Concepts Бывшие студии Frog City Software · Indie Built · Kush Games · PAM Development · PopTop Software · Venom Games
Бывшие бренды	Gathering of Developers • Global Star Software • Gotham Games • TalonSoft
Другие компании	Take-Two Licensing (объединена с Global Star) • Jack of All Games (продана)

Rockstar Games
Существующие студии	Rockstar Japan • Rockstar Leeds • Rockstar Lincoln • Rockstar London • Rockstar New England • Rockstar North • Rockstar San Diego • Rockstar Toronto
Закрытые студии	Rockstar Vancouver • Rockstar Vienna
Технологии	Rockstar Advanced Game Engine • Social Club
Связанные статьи	Дэн Хаузер • Сэм Хаузер

Серия Grand Theft Auto
Игры	Двухмерные Grand Theft Auto (London 1969, London 1961) · Grand Theft Auto 2 · Advance Трёхмерные Grand Theft Auto III · Vice City · San Andreas · Liberty City Stories · Vice City Stories · Grand Theft Auto IV (The Lost and Damned, The Ballad of Gay Tony) · Chinatown Wars · Grand Theft Auto V
Сборники	The Classics Collection · Double Pack · The Trilogy · Liberty City Stories & Vice City Stories 2 Pack · Episodes from Liberty City · GTA IV: The Complete Edition
Протагонисты	Клод Спид · Клод · Томми Версетти · Карл Джонсон · Майк · Тони Сиприани · Виктор Вэнс · Нико Беллик · Джонни Клебитц · Ли Хуан · Луис Лопез
Персонажи	Grand Theft Auto III · Vice City · San Andreas · Advance · Liberty City Stories · Vice City Stories · Grand Theft Auto IV (The Lost and Damned, The Ballad of Gay Tony) · Chinatown Wars
Локации	Anywhere City · Либерти-Сити · Вайс-Сити · Сан-Андреас (Лос-Сантос · Сан-Фиерро · Лас-Вентурас) ·
Саундтреки	Grand Theft Auto (London 1969) · Grand Theft Auto 2 · Grand Theft Auto III · Vice City · San Andreas · Liberty City Stories · Vice City Stories · Grand Theft Auto IV (The Lost and Damned, The Ballad of Gay Tony) · Chinatown Wars
Маркетинг	Grand Theft Auto V
Другое	Multi Theft Auto · San Andreas Multiplayer · Список группировок серии игр Grand Theft Auto

Rockstar Games, Inc.
законная форма	Корпорация
основание	1998 г.
Сиденье	Нью-Йорк , Нью-Йорк , США
управление	Сэм Хаузер
Количество работников	более 2000
Ветка	Разработка программного обеспечения
Веб-сайт	www.rockstargames.com

Rockstar Games, Inc. (часто называемая просто Rockstar или сокращенно R * ) — американский издатель компьютерных игр, отвечающий за производство и маркетинг таких игровых серий, как Grand Theft Auto , Max Payne , Red Dead , Midnight Club , Bully , Manhunt , и Воины . Компания является дочерней компанией американского издателя компьютерных игр Take 2 Interactive и возникла в результате приобретения Take 2 компании BMG Interactive.

Rockstar была основана в 1998 году в Нью-Йорке Сэмом Хаузером , Дэном Хаузером и Терри Донованом, Джейми Кингом и Гэри Дж. Форманом . Все пять членов-основателей ранее работали вместе в BMG Interactive и Take 2.

В целом

Игры Rockstar в основном разрабатываются приобретенными студиями-разработчиками , которые вошли в семейство Rockstar, такими как Rockstar North или Rockstar San Diego . Однако некоторые из них были созданы как отдельные работы по заказу Rockstar, например, State of Emergency от VIS Entertainment или Oni от Bungie West.

Однако на начальном этапе попытки также выступить в качестве разработчика была основана новая студия: Rockstar Canada, которая была переименована в Rockstar Toronto с приобретением Barking Dog Studios (ныне Rockstar Vancouver ) .

Благодаря привлечению рок-звезд в области музыки в виде наборов саундтреков к фильмам Grand Theft Auto: Vice City и Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas , соответственно, в качестве сопродюсера фильма The Football Factory и продюсера. из документального воскресенье водителя , компания часто называют Rockstar Entertainment .

Основатель Дэн Хаузер покинул Rockstar Games 11 марта 2020 года после долгого перерыва после выпуска Red Dead Redemption 2.

состав

Студии

логотип	Фамилия	место	Год как Rockstar Division	события
	Рок-звезда Данди	Данди , Шотландия	2020 — сегодня	Ранее Ruffian Games Limited
	Rockstar International	Лондон , Англия	2003 — сегодня	Международная штаб-квартира издательской деятельности Rockstars в помещении Rockstar London.
	Технологическая группа RAGE	Карлсбад , США	2004 — сегодня	Рабочая группа по внутренним технологиям для дальнейшего развития внутреннего движка RAGE , созданная Rockstar San Diego.
	Rockstar India	Бангалор , Индия	2016 — сегодня	отвечает за сотрудничество с Rockstar Dedicated Unit (RDU) индийской анимационной компании Technicolor India.
	Рок-звезда Лидс	Лидс , Англия	2004 — сегодня	Liberty City Stories , Vice City Stories , Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars , Beaterator , Max Payne для Game Boy Advance ,версия LA Noire для Microsoft Windows .
	Рок-звезда Линкольн	Линкольн , Англия	1999 — сегодня	Отвечает за локализацию и обеспечение качества большинства игр Rockstar.
	Рок-звезда Лондон	Лондон , Англия	2005 — сегодня	Manhunt 2 , портативная версия Midnight Club: Los Angeles .
	Рок-звезда Новой Англии	Андовер (Массачусетс) , США	2008 — сегодня	Порты Wii, Xbox 360 и ПК от Bully .
	Rockstar North	Эдинбург , Шотландия	1999 — сегодня	Основанная в 1988 году как DMA Design, широко известная благодаря Lemmings и Body Harvest . Разрабатывает серии Grand Theft Auto и Manhunt .
	Рок-звезда Сан-Диего	Карлсбад , США	2003 — сегодня	Серии Midnight Club , Red Dead Revolver , Red Dead Redemption и Red Dead Redemption 2 .
	Рок-звезда Торонто	Оквилл , Канада	1999 — сегодня	Воины , версии Grand Theft Auto IV , Grand Theft Auto: Episodes from Liberty City и Grand Theft Auto V для ПК .

Бывшие студии

логотип	Фамилия	место	Год как Rockstar Division	события
	Рок-звезда Ванкувер	Ванкувер , Канада	2002–2012	PlayStation 2 названия Bully и Max Payne 3 .
	Rockstar Вена	Вена , Австрия	2003-2006 гг.	Серия Max Payne для консолей, Manhunt 2 и порт Grand Theft Auto III и Grand Theft Auto: Vice City для Xbox .

Известные продукты

Серия Grand Theft Auto

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
1997 г.	Grand Theft Auto	21 октября 1997 г.	PS: 2 300 000 ГБ ПК:?
1999 г.	Великий угонщик авто 2	1 января 1999 г.	ОКРУГ КОЛУМБИЯ:? PS: 3 400 000 ГБ ПК:?
2001 г.	Великий угонщик авто III	23 октября 2001 г.	XB PS2: 11,600,000 PS3 PS4 ПК:? Итого: 14 500 000
2002 г.	Grand Theft Auto: Vice City	28 октября 2002 г.	XB PS2: 14 200 000 PS3 PS4 ПК:? Итого: 17 500 000
2004 г.	Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas	26 октября 2004 г.	XB: 2 000 000 PS2: 19 000 000 X360 PS3 XOne PS4 ПК: 1 000 000 Всего: 27 500 000
Grand Theft Auto Advance	26 октября 2004 г.	GBA
2005 г.	Grand Theft Auto: Истории Либерти-Сити	25 октября 2005 г.	PS2: 3 400 000 PSP: 6 400 000 Всего: 9 800 000
2006 г.	Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories	31 октября 2006 г.	PS2: 800 000 PSP: 3 900 000 Всего: 4 700 000
2008 г.	Grand Theft Auto IV	29 апреля 2008 г.	X360: 9 200 000 PS3: 8 300 000 Всего: 25 000 000
2009 г.	Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars	20 марта 2009 г.	PSP: 700 000 NDS: 1 200 000 Всего: 1 900 000
Grand Theft Auto IV: Потерянные и проклятые	17 февраля 2009 г.	X360 PS3 XOne ПК:?
Grand Theft Auto: Баллада о Гей Тони	29 октября 2009 г.	X360 PS3 XOne ПК:?
2013/15	Grand Theft Auto V.	17 сен 2013	X360 PS3 XOne PS4: 34000000 ПК: 15800000 Всего: 140000000

Самой успешной игрой в серии Grand Theft Auto является Grand Theft Auto: V — продано более 140000000 копий (по состоянию на декабрь 2020 года). По состоянию на сентябрь 2015 года вся серия была продана более 220 миллионов раз.

Body Harvest

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
1998 г.	Body Harvest	20 октября 1998 г.	N64: 200 000

Серия Midnight Club

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2000 г.	Полуночный клуб: Уличные гонки	25 октября 2000 г.	PS2: 2 300 000 ГБA
2003 г.	Полуночный клуб II	2 мая 2003 г.	XB: 500 000 PS2: 1,400 000 ПК Итого: 1 900 000
2005 г.	Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition	11 апреля 2005 г.	XB: 700,000 PS2: 1,500,000 PSP: 1,700,000 Всего: 3,900,000
2006 г.	Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition Ремикс	13 марта 2006 г.	XB PS2: 1000000
2008 г.	Midnight Club: Лос-Анджелес	20 октября 2008 г.	X360: 1,600,000 PS3: 1,500,000 Всего: 3,100,000
Полуночный клуб: Лос-Анджелес Ремикс	20 октября 2008 г.	PSP: 800 000

Самая успешная игра из серии Midnight Club — Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition, продано около 3,9 миллиона копий. Вся серия была продана 13 миллионов раз.

Они

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2001 г.	Они	29 января 2001 г.	PS2 ПК:?

Серия Max Payne

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2001 г.	Макс Пэйн	25 июля 2001 г.	XB: 1,100,000 PS2: 3,200,000 ГБA ПК:? Итого: 4 300 000
2003 г.	Max Payne 2: Падение Макса Пейна	14 октября 2003 г.	XB: 650 000 PS2 ПК:?
2012 г.	Макс Пейн 3	18 мая 2012 г.	X360 PS3 ПК:? Итого: 3 000 000

На данный момент сериал был продан более восьми миллионов раз.

Серия Manhunt

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2003 г.	Охота	18 нояб.2003 г.	XB PS2 ПК:?
2007 г.	Охота 2	29 октября 2007 г.	PS2: 280 000 PSP: 40 000 Wii: 260 000 ПК Итого: 580 000

На данный момент серия Manhunt была продана 1,7 миллиона раз.

Red Dead серия

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2004 г.	Red Dead Revolver	8 июня 2004 г.	XB: 500 000 PS2
2010 г.	Red Dead Redemption	18 мая 2010 г.	X360:> 4 100 000 PS3:> 3 500 000 XOne Итого:> 7,600,000
Red Dead Redemption: Undead Nightmare (спин-офф)	26 ноя.2010	X360: 600 000 PS3: 500 000 Всего: 1 100 000
2018 г.	Red Dead Redemption 2	26 октября 2018 г.	36 000 000

Вся серия Red Dead была продана более 50 миллионов раз. В октябре 2016 года было официально анонсировано Red Dead Redemption 2. Игра была выпущена 26 октября 2018 года. С октября по декабрь 2018 года Red Dead Redemption 2 была продана более 23 миллионов раз по всему миру и стала самой успешной игрой 2018 года в США.

Настольный теннис

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2006 г.	Rockstar Games представляет настольный теннис	26 мая 2006 г.	X360: 700 000 Wii: 900 000 Всего: 1,600 000

Серия хулиганов

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2006 г.	Canis Canem Править	25 октября 2006 г.	PS2: 800 000
2008 г.	Хулиган: круг почета	4 марта 2008 г.	X360: 1 000 000 Wii: 460 000 ПК Итого: 1,460,000

На данный момент сериал Bully был продан 2,3 миллиона раз.

Черный

год	заглавие	Первый выпуск	Продажи
2011/17	Черный	17 мая 2011 г.	X360: 2,460,000 PS3: 2,830,000 ПК: 140,000 PS4 XBO Выключатель:? Итого: 5,430,000
2017 г.	LA Noire: Материалы дела VR	15 декабря 2017 г.	PS4 ПК:?

Многопользовательский сервис для игр Rockstar Games с апреля 2008 года предоставляется собственным сервисом Social Club . В версии для ПК управление играми осуществлялось через одноименный клиент, который в сентябре 2019 года был заменен на Rockstar Games Launcher .

Мелочи

В феврале 2014 года Карен Гравано, дочь бывшего члена мафии Сэмми Гравано , подала в суд на Rockstar Games о возмещении ущерба в размере 40 миллионов долларов, по 20 миллионов каждая в качестве компенсации и компенсации. Ее обвиняли в том, что Rockstar Games в Grand Theft Auto 5 неоправданно включила историю ее жизни в ход игры персонажа «Антония Боттино». С тех пор иск был отклонен вместе с аналогичным иском Линдси Лохан , которая также считала, что ее неблагоприятно изображали в игре.

веб ссылки

• Официальный сайт Rockstar Games
• Rockstar Games на MobyGames (английском языке)
• Rockstar Games в базе данных фильмов в Интернете (на английском языке)
  

Индивидуальные доказательства

1. ↑ Джеймс Бэтчелор: Аналитик ожидает, что братья Хаузер получат огромные гонорары Red Dead. В: GamesIndustry.biz. 26 октября 2018, доступ к 5 сентября 2020 .
2. ↑ Колин Кэмпбелл: соучредитель Rockstar Games Дэн Хаузер покидает компанию. 4 февраля 2020, доступ к 6 февраля 2020 года .
3. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com
4. ↑ Rockstar Games сообщает о 140 миллионах продаж GTA 9 февраля 2021 года, по состоянию на 9 февраля 2021 года .
5. ↑ Grand Theft Auto 5: Легендарный бренд с рекордными продажами ( воспоминание от 30 сентября 2011 г. в Интернет-архиве )
6. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com
7. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
8. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
9. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
10. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
11. ↑ Уильям Д’Анджело: Объем продаж GTAV превысил 140 миллионов, объем продаж RDR 2 — 36 миллионов, объем продаж NBA 2K21 — 8 миллионов. 8 февраля 2021 г., по состоянию на 10 февраля 2021 г. (американский английский).
12. ↑ Red Dead Redemption 2 выйдет весной 2018 года — Rockstar Games . В: Rockstar Games . ( rockstargames.com [доступ 22 мая 2017 г.]).
13. ↑ Дубль 2: Даже Red Dead Redemption 2 не сталкивается с Fortnite — Golem.de. Проверено 7 февраля, 2019 (на немецком языке).
14. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
15. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
16. ↑ gamrreview.vgchartz.com/
17. ^ «Сегодня открывается регистрация в Rockstar Social Club». Проверено 21 мая 2020 года .
18. ↑ Rockstar Games: запустите свой собственный лаунчер — игра для ПК бесплатно в течение ограниченного времени. 18 сентября 2019, доступ к 20 мая 2020 .
19. ↑ Катарина Шелл: Rockstar Games подала в суд на дочь мафии. В: inside-digital.de . 28 февраля 2014 г., по состоянию на 3 марта 2014 г.
20. ↑ Иск Линдси Лохан по поводу GTA 5 был отклонен . В: pcgamer . ( pcgamer.com [доступ 27 января 2017 г.]).