Как пишется валюта бат

«Baht» redirects here. For the unit of mass, see Tical (unit). For the river in Morocco, see Baht River. For the town in Uzbekistan, see Baxt.

Thai baht

บาทไทย (Thai)
Baht banknotes and coins issued by the Bank of Thailand
ISO 4217
Code	THB (numeric: 764)
Subunit	0.01
Unit
Plural	The language(s) of this currency do(es) not have a morphological plural distinction.
Symbol	฿‎
Denominations
Subunit
1⁄100	satang
Banknotes
Freq. used	฿20, ฿50, ฿100, ฿500, ฿1000
Coins
Freq. used	25, 50 satang, ฿1, ฿2, ฿5, ฿10
Rarely used	1, 5, 10 satang
Demographics
Official user(s)	Thailand
Unofficial user(s)	Cambodia Laos Myanmar Vietnam
Issuance
Central bank	Bank of Thailand
Website	www.bot.or.th
Printer	Note Printing Works of the Bank of Thailand
Mint	Royal Thai Mint
Website	www.royalthaimint.net
Valuation
Inflation	1.0%
Source	Inflation (annual %), World Bank, 2011–2015

The baht (; Thai: บาท, pronounced [bàːt]; sign: ฿; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand. It is divided into 100 satang (สตางค์, pronounced [sà.tāːŋ]). The issuance of currency is the responsibility of the Bank of Thailand. SWIFT ranked the Thai baht as the 10th-most-frequently used world payment currency as of January 2019.^[1]

History[edit]

The Thai baht, like the pound, originated from a traditional unit of mass. Its currency value was originally expressed as that of silver of corresponding weight (now defined as 15 grams), and was in use probably as early as the Sukhothai period in the form of bullet coins known in Thai as phot duang.^[2] These were pieces of solid silver cast to various weights corresponding to a traditional system of units related by simple fractions and multiples, one of which is the baht. These are listed in the following table:^[3][4]

Unit (RTGS)	Thai spelling	Relative value	Value relative to baht	Notes
Bia	เบี้ย	1⁄100 at	1⁄6400	Bia is Thai for cowry, the shell of which was used as a trade medium of the same value.
Solot	โสฬส	1⁄16 fueang	1⁄128	Solot here literally means «sixteen» or sixteenth, referring to the fractional amount relative to a fueang.
At	อัฐ	1⁄8 fueang	1⁄64	Likewise, at literally means eight.
Siao/Phai	เสี้ยว/ไพ	1⁄4 fueang	1⁄32	Siao means quarter.
Sik	ซีก	1⁄2 fueang	1⁄16	Sik means half.
Fueang	เฟื้อง	1⁄8 baht	1⁄8	The smallest silver bullet coins available in the market.
Salueng	สลึง	1⁄4 baht (0.25 baht, 25 satang	1⁄4	Thai version of the Mace (unit).
Song salueng	สองสลึง	1⁄2 baht (0.50 baht, 50 satang)	1⁄2
Baht	บาท		1
Tamlueng	ตำลึง	4 baht	4	Thai version of the tael.
Chang	ชั่ง	20 tamlueng	80	Thai version of the catty.

That system was in use up until 1897, when the decimal system devised by Prince Jayanta Mongkol, in which one baht = 100 satang, was introduced by his half-brother King Chulalongkorn along with the demonetization of silver bullet coins on 28 October 1904 after the end of silver bullet coin production by the opening of Sitthikarn Royal Mint in 1857.^[5] However, coins denominated in the old units were issued until 1910, and the amount of 25 satang is still commonly referred to as a salueng, as is the 25-satang coin.

Until 27 November 1902, the baht was fixed on a purely silver basis, with 15 grams of silver to the baht. This caused the value of the currency to vary relative to currencies on a gold standard. From 1856 to 1864, the values of certain foreign silver coins were fixed by law, with 5 baht = 3 Spanish dollar = 7 Indian rupees.^[6] Before 1880 the exchange rate was fixed at 8 baht per pound sterling, falling to 10 to the pound during the 1880s.

In 1902, the government began to increase the value of the baht by following all increases in the value of silver against gold but not reducing it when the silver price fell. Beginning at 21.75 baht per pound sterling, the currency rose in value until, in 1908, a fixed peg to the British pound sterling was established of 13 baht per pound. This was revised to 12 baht in 1919 and then, after a period of instability, to 11 baht in 1923. During World War II, the baht was fixed at a value of one Japanese yen on 22 April 1942.^[7][8]

From 1956 until 1973, the baht was pegged to the US dollar at an exchange rate of 20.8 baht = one dollar and at 20 baht = 1 dollar until 1978.^[9]
[10] A strengthening US economy caused Thailand to re-peg its currency at 25 to the dollar from 1984 until 2 July 1997, when the country was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The baht was floated and halved in value, reaching its lowest rate of 56 to the dollar in January 1998. It rose to 30 per dollar in January 2021.

The baht was originally known to foreigners by the term tical,^[11] which was used in English language text on banknotes until the series 2 1925.^[12][13]

Coins[edit]

Cowrie shells from the Mekong River had been used as currency for small amounts since the Sukhothai period. Before 1860, Thailand did not produce coins using modern methods. Instead, a so-called «bullet» coinage was used, consisting of bars of metal, thicker in the middle, bent round to form a complete circle on which identifying marks were stamped.^[14][15] Denominations issued included 1⁄128, 1⁄64, 1⁄32, 1⁄16, 1⁄8, 1⁄2, 1, 1+1⁄2, 2, 2+1⁄2, 4, 4+1⁄2, 8, 10, 20, 40 and 80 baht in silver and 1⁄32, 1⁄16, 1⁄8, 1⁄2, 1, 1+1⁄2, 2 and 4 baht in gold. One gold baht was generally worth 16 silver baht. Between 1858 and 1860, foreign trade coins were also stamped by the government for use in Thailand.

Rama III (1824–1851) was the first king to consider the use of a flat coin. He did so not for the convenience of traders, but because he was disturbed that the creatures living in the cowrie shells were killed. When he learned of the use of flat copper coins in Singapore in 1835, he contacted a Scottish trader, who had two types of experimental coins struck in England. The king rejected both designs. The name of the country put on these first coins was Muang Thai, not Siam.^[16][17]

In 1860, modern style coins were introduced. These were silver 1 sik, 1 fuang, 1 and 2 salung, 1, 2 and 4 baht, with the baht weighing 15.244 grams and the others weight-related. Tin 1 solot and 1 att followed in 1862, with gold 2+1⁄2, 4 and 8 baht introduced in 1863 and copper 2 and 4 att in 1865. Copper replaced tin in the 1 solot and 1 att in 1874, with copper 4 att introduced in 1876. The last gold coins were struck in 1895.

In 1897, the first coins denominated in satang were introduced, cupronickel 2+1⁄2, 5, 10 and 20 satang. However, 1 solot, 1 and 2 att coins were struck until 1905 and 1 fuang coins were struck until 1910. In 1908, holed 1, 5 and 10 satang coins were introduced, with the 1 satang in bronze and the 5 and 10 satang in nickel. The 1 and 2 salung were replaced by 25 and 50 satang coins in 1915. In 1937, holed, bronze 1⁄2 satang were issued.

In 1941, a series of silver coins was introduced in denominations of 5, 10 and 20 satang, due to a shortage of nickel caused by World War II. The next year, tin coins were introduced for 1, 5 and 10 satang, followed by 20 satang in 1945 and 25 and 50 satang in 1946. In 1950, aluminium bronze 5, 10, 25 and 50 satang were introduced whilst, in 1957, bronze 5 and 10 satang were issued, along with 1-baht coins struck in an unusual alloy of copper, nickel, silver and zinc. Several Thai coins were issued for many years without changing the date. These include the tin 1942 1 satang and the 1950 5 and 10 satang, struck until 1973, the tin 1946 25 satang struck until 1964, the tin 50 satang struck until 1957, and the aluminium bronze 1957 5, 10, 25 and 50 satang struck until the 1970s. Cupronickel 1-baht coins were introduced in 1962 and struck without date change until 1982.

In 1972, cupronickel 5-baht coins were introduced, switching to cupronickel-clad copper in 1977. Between 1986 and 1988, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium 1, 5 and 10 satang, aluminium-bronze 25 and 50 satang, cupronickel 1 baht, cupronickel-clad-copper 5 baht and bimetallic 10 baht. Cupronickel-clad-steel 2 baht were introduced in 2005.

In 2008, the Ministry of Finance and the Royal Thai Mint announced the 2009 coin series, which included changes in materials to reduce production costs as well as an update of the image on the obverse to a more recent portrait of the king. The two-baht coin, confusingly similar in color and size to the one-baht coin, was changed from nickel-clad low-carbon steel to aluminium bronze. New two-baht coin was the first of the new series released on February 3, 2009, followed by a satang coin in April, a five-baht coin in May, a ten-baht coin in June, and a one-baht coin in July 2009.

In 2018, the Royal Thai Mint and the Ministry of Finance issued a new series of general circulation coins, featuring the same standard specifications, but feature a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama IX) [2] [3] (in Thai)
Value	Technical parameters	Description	Date of first minting
Diameter	Mass	Composition	Obverse	Reverse
1 satang 1	15 mm	0.5 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Hariphunchai, Lamphun	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
5 satang 1	16 mm	0.6 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra Pathom Chedi, Nakhon Pathom	1987
16.5 mm	99% Aluminium	2008
10 satang 1	17.5 mm	0.8 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra That Choeng Chum, Sakon Nakhon	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
25 satang	16 mm	1.9 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	1987
16 mm	1.9 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	2008
50 satang	18 mm	2.4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	1987
18 mm	2.4 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	2008
1 baht	20 mm	3.4 g	Cupronickel (1986–2008)	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok	1986
3 g	Nickel-plated steel (2008–present)	2008
2 baht	21.75 mm	4.4 g	Nickel-plated low-carbon steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2005
21.75 mm	4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2008
5 baht	24 mm	7.5 g	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok	1988
6 g	2008
10 baht	26 mm	8.5 g	Outer Ring: Copper-nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Arun, Bangkok	1988
2008

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama X)
Image	Value	Composition	Description	Date of minting
Obverse	Reverse	Obverse	Reverse
		1 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		25 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		50 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		1 baht	Nickel-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		2 baht	Aluminum bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 baht	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 baht	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018

[edit]

1. The 1, 5 and 10 satang are used only internally between banks and are not in circulation.^[18]
2. Older coins, some of which are still in circulation, had only Thai numerals, but newer designs also have Arabic numerals.
3. The standard-issue 10-baht coin has, at the 12 o’clock position on the reverse, raised dots corresponding to Braille cell dot 1 and dots 2-4-5, which correspond to the number 10.
4. 10-baht coins are very similar to 2-euro coins in size, shape and weight, and are likewise bi-metallic, although they are worth only 25 eurocents. Vending machines not equipped with up-to-date coin detectors might therefore accept them as €2 coins or old Italian 500 lira coins as well.^[19]
5. Many commemorative 1-, 2-, 5- and 10-baht coins have been made for special events. There also are 20-, 50-, 100-baht base metal commemorative coins and higher-denomination precious metal coins as well.^[which?]

In February 2010 the Treasury Department of Thailand stated that it has been planning a new circulation 20-baht coin.^[20]

Banknotes[edit]

In 1851, the government issued notes for 1⁄8, 1⁄4, 3⁄8, 1⁄2 and 1 tical, followed by 3, 4, 6 and 10 tamlueng in 1853. After 1857, notes for 20 and 40 ticals were issued, also bearing their values in Straits dollars and Indian rupees. Undated notes were also issued before 1868 for 5, 7, 8, 12 and 15 tamlueng, and 1 chang. One att notes were issued in 1874.

In 1892, the treasury issued notes for 1, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, 400 and 800 ticals, called «baht» in the Thai text.

On September 19, 1902, the government introduced notes which were printed by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited, England, during the reigns of kings Rama V and Rama VI, denominated 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 ticals, still called baht in the Thai text — each denomination having many types,^[21] with 1 and 50 tical notes following in 1918. In 1925, notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 baht with the denomination in both Arabic and Thai numerals without English text;^[22] English speakers continued to refer to these as «ticals».^[23]

On 27 July 2010, the Bank of Thailand announced that the 16th-series banknotes would enter circulation in December 2010.^[24][25] On 9 August 2012, the Bank of Thailand issued a new denomination banknote, 80 baht, to commemorate queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday.^[26] It was the first Thai banknote that featured Crane’s Motion security thread.

In 2017, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes in remembrance of its late king Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). The notes are the same size and dimensions as the «Series 16» banknotes, with the front designs as before, but the back designs featuring images of the king’s life in infancy, adolescence and maturity. The new family of banknotes were issued on September 20.^[27]

In 2018, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes featuring a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.
The main colors and dimensions of the notes are the same as before, with the back designs featuring images of the Kings of Thailand from past to present. The 20, 50 and 100 baht banknotes were issued on Chakri Memorial Day, April 6, 2018. The final two denominations, 500 and 1,000 baht were issued on the anniversary of the birth of King Maha Vajiralongkorn, July 28, 2018.^[28]

Images of banknotes have been removed lest they infringe copyright,^[29] but may be viewed at the Thai-language article linked in the margin.

15th series banknotes[30]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the armed forces	King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	3 March 2003
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Mongkut (Rama IV)	19 March 2004
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	21 October 2005
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	King Nangklao (Rama III)	1 August 2001
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Bhumibol Adulyadej; Pa Sak Jolasid Dam	25 November 2005
16th series banknotes**[30]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht[31]	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the Royal House of Chakri gown	King Ram Khamhaeng the Great on the Manangkhasila Asana Throne monument; invention of the Thai script; Ramkhamhaeng stele	1 April 2013[32]
50 baht[33]	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Naresuan the Great pouring water for declaration of independence monument; Statue of king Naresuan the Great on war elephant; Phra Chedi Chai Mongkol temple	18 January 2012[34]
100 baht[35]	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Taksin the Great monument in Wongwian Yai circle; Phra Ratchawang Doem (King Taksin’s palace); Wichai Prasit Fortress Thonburi	26 February 2015[36]
500 baht[37]	156 × 72 mm	Violet	King Buddha Yodfa Chulalok the Great (King Rama I) monument; Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Wat Pho); Phra Sumen Fort (Bangkok city wall)	12 May 2014[38]
1,000 baht[39]	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Chunla Chom Klao the Great (King Rama V) monument; Ananta Samakhom throne hall, Dusit palace ground king’s monument, end of slavery in Siam	21 August 2015[40]
17th series banknotes [41]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Maha Vajiralongkorn in the uniform of the commander of the Royal Thai Air Force and wearing Order of the Nine Gems	Kings Phra Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) and Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II)	6 April 2018
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	Kings Nangklao (Rama III) and Mongkut (Rama IV)	6 April 2018
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	Kings Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	6 April 2018
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	Kings Prajadhipok (Rama VII) and Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	28 July 2018
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	Kings Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and Maha Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)	28 July 2018

Money and unit of mass[edit]

Ngoen (เงิน) is Thai for «silver» as well as the general term for money, reflecting the fact that the baht (or tical) is foremost a unit of weight for precious metals and gemstones. One baht = 15.244 grams.^[42] Since the standard purity of Thai gold is 96.5 percent, the actual gold content of one baht by weight is 15.244 × 0.965 = 14.71046 grams; equivalent to about 0.473 troy ounces. 15.244 grams is used for bullion; in the case of jewellery, one baht should be more than 15.16 grams.

Exchange rates[edit]

The Bank of Thailand adopted a series of exchange controls on 19 December 2006, which resulted in a significant divergence between offshore and onshore exchange rates, with spreads of up to 10 percent between the two markets. Controls were broadly lifted on 3 March 2008 and there is now no significant difference between offshore and onshore exchange rates.^[43]

Year	USD/THB average exchange rate
1999	41.34
2000	40.24
2001	40.26
2002	37.92
2003	32.34
2004	32.99
2005	34.34
2006	31.73
2007	30.48
2008	31.07
2009	30.71
2010	32.48
2011	34.25
2012	35.28
2013	33.91
2014	32.48
2015	34.25
2016	35.30
2017	33.94
2018	32.31
2019	31.05
2020	31.30

(Source 1999–2013: usd.fx-exchange.com)

(Source 2014–2020: Bank of Thailand) [4]

Current THB exchange rates

From Google Finance:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From Yahoo! Finance:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From XE.com:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From OANDA:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD

See also[edit]

• Economy of Thailand
• Stock Exchange of Thailand

References[edit]

Sources

External links[edit]

• (in Thai) Compare exchange rates of the Thai Baht from many bank in Thailand.
• (in English, German, and French) The banknotes of Thailand

«Baht» redirects here. For the unit of mass, see Tical (unit). For the river in Morocco, see Baht River. For the town in Uzbekistan, see Baxt.

Thai baht

บาทไทย (Thai)
Baht banknotes and coins issued by the Bank of Thailand
ISO 4217
Code	THB (numeric: 764)
Subunit	0.01
Unit
Plural	The language(s) of this currency do(es) not have a morphological plural distinction.
Symbol	฿‎
Denominations
Subunit
1⁄100	satang
Banknotes
Freq. used	฿20, ฿50, ฿100, ฿500, ฿1000
Coins
Freq. used	25, 50 satang, ฿1, ฿2, ฿5, ฿10
Rarely used	1, 5, 10 satang
Demographics
Official user(s)	Thailand
Unofficial user(s)	Cambodia Laos Myanmar Vietnam
Issuance
Central bank	Bank of Thailand
Website	www.bot.or.th
Printer	Note Printing Works of the Bank of Thailand
Mint	Royal Thai Mint
Website	www.royalthaimint.net
Valuation
Inflation	1.0%
Source	Inflation (annual %), World Bank, 2011–2015

The baht (; Thai: บาท, pronounced [bàːt]; sign: ฿; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand. It is divided into 100 satang (สตางค์, pronounced [sà.tāːŋ]). The issuance of currency is the responsibility of the Bank of Thailand. SWIFT ranked the Thai baht as the 10th-most-frequently used world payment currency as of January 2019.^[1]

History[edit]

The Thai baht, like the pound, originated from a traditional unit of mass. Its currency value was originally expressed as that of silver of corresponding weight (now defined as 15 grams), and was in use probably as early as the Sukhothai period in the form of bullet coins known in Thai as phot duang.^[2] These were pieces of solid silver cast to various weights corresponding to a traditional system of units related by simple fractions and multiples, one of which is the baht. These are listed in the following table:^[3][4]

Unit (RTGS)	Thai spelling	Relative value	Value relative to baht	Notes
Bia	เบี้ย	1⁄100 at	1⁄6400	Bia is Thai for cowry, the shell of which was used as a trade medium of the same value.
Solot	โสฬส	1⁄16 fueang	1⁄128	Solot here literally means «sixteen» or sixteenth, referring to the fractional amount relative to a fueang.
At	อัฐ	1⁄8 fueang	1⁄64	Likewise, at literally means eight.
Siao/Phai	เสี้ยว/ไพ	1⁄4 fueang	1⁄32	Siao means quarter.
Sik	ซีก	1⁄2 fueang	1⁄16	Sik means half.
Fueang	เฟื้อง	1⁄8 baht	1⁄8	The smallest silver bullet coins available in the market.
Salueng	สลึง	1⁄4 baht (0.25 baht, 25 satang	1⁄4	Thai version of the Mace (unit).
Song salueng	สองสลึง	1⁄2 baht (0.50 baht, 50 satang)	1⁄2
Baht	บาท		1
Tamlueng	ตำลึง	4 baht	4	Thai version of the tael.
Chang	ชั่ง	20 tamlueng	80	Thai version of the catty.

That system was in use up until 1897, when the decimal system devised by Prince Jayanta Mongkol, in which one baht = 100 satang, was introduced by his half-brother King Chulalongkorn along with the demonetization of silver bullet coins on 28 October 1904 after the end of silver bullet coin production by the opening of Sitthikarn Royal Mint in 1857.^[5] However, coins denominated in the old units were issued until 1910, and the amount of 25 satang is still commonly referred to as a salueng, as is the 25-satang coin.

Until 27 November 1902, the baht was fixed on a purely silver basis, with 15 grams of silver to the baht. This caused the value of the currency to vary relative to currencies on a gold standard. From 1856 to 1864, the values of certain foreign silver coins were fixed by law, with 5 baht = 3 Spanish dollar = 7 Indian rupees.^[6] Before 1880 the exchange rate was fixed at 8 baht per pound sterling, falling to 10 to the pound during the 1880s.

In 1902, the government began to increase the value of the baht by following all increases in the value of silver against gold but not reducing it when the silver price fell. Beginning at 21.75 baht per pound sterling, the currency rose in value until, in 1908, a fixed peg to the British pound sterling was established of 13 baht per pound. This was revised to 12 baht in 1919 and then, after a period of instability, to 11 baht in 1923. During World War II, the baht was fixed at a value of one Japanese yen on 22 April 1942.^[7][8]

From 1956 until 1973, the baht was pegged to the US dollar at an exchange rate of 20.8 baht = one dollar and at 20 baht = 1 dollar until 1978.^[9]
[10] A strengthening US economy caused Thailand to re-peg its currency at 25 to the dollar from 1984 until 2 July 1997, when the country was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The baht was floated and halved in value, reaching its lowest rate of 56 to the dollar in January 1998. It rose to 30 per dollar in January 2021.

The baht was originally known to foreigners by the term tical,^[11] which was used in English language text on banknotes until the series 2 1925.^[12][13]

Coins[edit]

Cowrie shells from the Mekong River had been used as currency for small amounts since the Sukhothai period. Before 1860, Thailand did not produce coins using modern methods. Instead, a so-called «bullet» coinage was used, consisting of bars of metal, thicker in the middle, bent round to form a complete circle on which identifying marks were stamped.^[14][15] Denominations issued included 1⁄128, 1⁄64, 1⁄32, 1⁄16, 1⁄8, 1⁄2, 1, 1+1⁄2, 2, 2+1⁄2, 4, 4+1⁄2, 8, 10, 20, 40 and 80 baht in silver and 1⁄32, 1⁄16, 1⁄8, 1⁄2, 1, 1+1⁄2, 2 and 4 baht in gold. One gold baht was generally worth 16 silver baht. Between 1858 and 1860, foreign trade coins were also stamped by the government for use in Thailand.

Rama III (1824–1851) was the first king to consider the use of a flat coin. He did so not for the convenience of traders, but because he was disturbed that the creatures living in the cowrie shells were killed. When he learned of the use of flat copper coins in Singapore in 1835, he contacted a Scottish trader, who had two types of experimental coins struck in England. The king rejected both designs. The name of the country put on these first coins was Muang Thai, not Siam.^[16][17]

In 1860, modern style coins were introduced. These were silver 1 sik, 1 fuang, 1 and 2 salung, 1, 2 and 4 baht, with the baht weighing 15.244 grams and the others weight-related. Tin 1 solot and 1 att followed in 1862, with gold 2+1⁄2, 4 and 8 baht introduced in 1863 and copper 2 and 4 att in 1865. Copper replaced tin in the 1 solot and 1 att in 1874, with copper 4 att introduced in 1876. The last gold coins were struck in 1895.

In 1897, the first coins denominated in satang were introduced, cupronickel 2+1⁄2, 5, 10 and 20 satang. However, 1 solot, 1 and 2 att coins were struck until 1905 and 1 fuang coins were struck until 1910. In 1908, holed 1, 5 and 10 satang coins were introduced, with the 1 satang in bronze and the 5 and 10 satang in nickel. The 1 and 2 salung were replaced by 25 and 50 satang coins in 1915. In 1937, holed, bronze 1⁄2 satang were issued.

In 1941, a series of silver coins was introduced in denominations of 5, 10 and 20 satang, due to a shortage of nickel caused by World War II. The next year, tin coins were introduced for 1, 5 and 10 satang, followed by 20 satang in 1945 and 25 and 50 satang in 1946. In 1950, aluminium bronze 5, 10, 25 and 50 satang were introduced whilst, in 1957, bronze 5 and 10 satang were issued, along with 1-baht coins struck in an unusual alloy of copper, nickel, silver and zinc. Several Thai coins were issued for many years without changing the date. These include the tin 1942 1 satang and the 1950 5 and 10 satang, struck until 1973, the tin 1946 25 satang struck until 1964, the tin 50 satang struck until 1957, and the aluminium bronze 1957 5, 10, 25 and 50 satang struck until the 1970s. Cupronickel 1-baht coins were introduced in 1962 and struck without date change until 1982.

In 1972, cupronickel 5-baht coins were introduced, switching to cupronickel-clad copper in 1977. Between 1986 and 1988, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium 1, 5 and 10 satang, aluminium-bronze 25 and 50 satang, cupronickel 1 baht, cupronickel-clad-copper 5 baht and bimetallic 10 baht. Cupronickel-clad-steel 2 baht were introduced in 2005.

In 2008, the Ministry of Finance and the Royal Thai Mint announced the 2009 coin series, which included changes in materials to reduce production costs as well as an update of the image on the obverse to a more recent portrait of the king. The two-baht coin, confusingly similar in color and size to the one-baht coin, was changed from nickel-clad low-carbon steel to aluminium bronze. New two-baht coin was the first of the new series released on February 3, 2009, followed by a satang coin in April, a five-baht coin in May, a ten-baht coin in June, and a one-baht coin in July 2009.

In 2018, the Royal Thai Mint and the Ministry of Finance issued a new series of general circulation coins, featuring the same standard specifications, but feature a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama IX) [2] [3] (in Thai)
Value	Technical parameters	Description	Date of first minting
Diameter	Mass	Composition	Obverse	Reverse
1 satang 1	15 mm	0.5 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Hariphunchai, Lamphun	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
5 satang 1	16 mm	0.6 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra Pathom Chedi, Nakhon Pathom	1987
16.5 mm	99% Aluminium	2008
10 satang 1	17.5 mm	0.8 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra That Choeng Chum, Sakon Nakhon	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
25 satang	16 mm	1.9 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	1987
16 mm	1.9 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	2008
50 satang	18 mm	2.4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	1987
18 mm	2.4 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	2008
1 baht	20 mm	3.4 g	Cupronickel (1986–2008)	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok	1986
3 g	Nickel-plated steel (2008–present)	2008
2 baht	21.75 mm	4.4 g	Nickel-plated low-carbon steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2005
21.75 mm	4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2008
5 baht	24 mm	7.5 g	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok	1988
6 g	2008
10 baht	26 mm	8.5 g	Outer Ring: Copper-nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Arun, Bangkok	1988
2008

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama X)
Image	Value	Composition	Description	Date of minting
Obverse	Reverse	Obverse	Reverse
		1 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		25 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		50 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		1 baht	Nickel-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		2 baht	Aluminum bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 baht	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 baht	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018

[edit]

1. The 1, 5 and 10 satang are used only internally between banks and are not in circulation.^[18]
2. Older coins, some of which are still in circulation, had only Thai numerals, but newer designs also have Arabic numerals.
3. The standard-issue 10-baht coin has, at the 12 o’clock position on the reverse, raised dots corresponding to Braille cell dot 1 and dots 2-4-5, which correspond to the number 10.
4. 10-baht coins are very similar to 2-euro coins in size, shape and weight, and are likewise bi-metallic, although they are worth only 25 eurocents. Vending machines not equipped with up-to-date coin detectors might therefore accept them as €2 coins or old Italian 500 lira coins as well.^[19]
5. Many commemorative 1-, 2-, 5- and 10-baht coins have been made for special events. There also are 20-, 50-, 100-baht base metal commemorative coins and higher-denomination precious metal coins as well.^[which?]

In February 2010 the Treasury Department of Thailand stated that it has been planning a new circulation 20-baht coin.^[20]

Banknotes[edit]

In 1851, the government issued notes for 1⁄8, 1⁄4, 3⁄8, 1⁄2 and 1 tical, followed by 3, 4, 6 and 10 tamlueng in 1853. After 1857, notes for 20 and 40 ticals were issued, also bearing their values in Straits dollars and Indian rupees. Undated notes were also issued before 1868 for 5, 7, 8, 12 and 15 tamlueng, and 1 chang. One att notes were issued in 1874.

In 1892, the treasury issued notes for 1, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, 400 and 800 ticals, called «baht» in the Thai text.

On September 19, 1902, the government introduced notes which were printed by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited, England, during the reigns of kings Rama V and Rama VI, denominated 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 ticals, still called baht in the Thai text — each denomination having many types,^[21] with 1 and 50 tical notes following in 1918. In 1925, notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 baht with the denomination in both Arabic and Thai numerals without English text;^[22] English speakers continued to refer to these as «ticals».^[23]

On 27 July 2010, the Bank of Thailand announced that the 16th-series banknotes would enter circulation in December 2010.^[24][25] On 9 August 2012, the Bank of Thailand issued a new denomination banknote, 80 baht, to commemorate queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday.^[26] It was the first Thai banknote that featured Crane’s Motion security thread.

In 2017, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes in remembrance of its late king Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). The notes are the same size and dimensions as the «Series 16» banknotes, with the front designs as before, but the back designs featuring images of the king’s life in infancy, adolescence and maturity. The new family of banknotes were issued on September 20.^[27]

In 2018, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes featuring a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.
The main colors and dimensions of the notes are the same as before, with the back designs featuring images of the Kings of Thailand from past to present. The 20, 50 and 100 baht banknotes were issued on Chakri Memorial Day, April 6, 2018. The final two denominations, 500 and 1,000 baht were issued on the anniversary of the birth of King Maha Vajiralongkorn, July 28, 2018.^[28]

Images of banknotes have been removed lest they infringe copyright,^[29] but may be viewed at the Thai-language article linked in the margin.

15th series banknotes[30]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the armed forces	King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	3 March 2003
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Mongkut (Rama IV)	19 March 2004
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	21 October 2005
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	King Nangklao (Rama III)	1 August 2001
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Bhumibol Adulyadej; Pa Sak Jolasid Dam	25 November 2005
16th series banknotes**[30]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht[31]	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the Royal House of Chakri gown	King Ram Khamhaeng the Great on the Manangkhasila Asana Throne monument; invention of the Thai script; Ramkhamhaeng stele	1 April 2013[32]
50 baht[33]	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Naresuan the Great pouring water for declaration of independence monument; Statue of king Naresuan the Great on war elephant; Phra Chedi Chai Mongkol temple	18 January 2012[34]
100 baht[35]	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Taksin the Great monument in Wongwian Yai circle; Phra Ratchawang Doem (King Taksin’s palace); Wichai Prasit Fortress Thonburi	26 February 2015[36]
500 baht[37]	156 × 72 mm	Violet	King Buddha Yodfa Chulalok the Great (King Rama I) monument; Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Wat Pho); Phra Sumen Fort (Bangkok city wall)	12 May 2014[38]
1,000 baht[39]	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Chunla Chom Klao the Great (King Rama V) monument; Ananta Samakhom throne hall, Dusit palace ground king’s monument, end of slavery in Siam	21 August 2015[40]
17th series banknotes [41]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Maha Vajiralongkorn in the uniform of the commander of the Royal Thai Air Force and wearing Order of the Nine Gems	Kings Phra Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) and Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II)	6 April 2018
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	Kings Nangklao (Rama III) and Mongkut (Rama IV)	6 April 2018
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	Kings Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	6 April 2018
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	Kings Prajadhipok (Rama VII) and Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	28 July 2018
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	Kings Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and Maha Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)	28 July 2018

Money and unit of mass[edit]

Ngoen (เงิน) is Thai for «silver» as well as the general term for money, reflecting the fact that the baht (or tical) is foremost a unit of weight for precious metals and gemstones. One baht = 15.244 grams.^[42] Since the standard purity of Thai gold is 96.5 percent, the actual gold content of one baht by weight is 15.244 × 0.965 = 14.71046 grams; equivalent to about 0.473 troy ounces. 15.244 grams is used for bullion; in the case of jewellery, one baht should be more than 15.16 grams.

Exchange rates[edit]

The Bank of Thailand adopted a series of exchange controls on 19 December 2006, which resulted in a significant divergence between offshore and onshore exchange rates, with spreads of up to 10 percent between the two markets. Controls were broadly lifted on 3 March 2008 and there is now no significant difference between offshore and onshore exchange rates.^[43]

Year	USD/THB average exchange rate
1999	41.34
2000	40.24
2001	40.26
2002	37.92
2003	32.34
2004	32.99
2005	34.34
2006	31.73
2007	30.48
2008	31.07
2009	30.71
2010	32.48
2011	34.25
2012	35.28
2013	33.91
2014	32.48
2015	34.25
2016	35.30
2017	33.94
2018	32.31
2019	31.05
2020	31.30

(Source 1999–2013: usd.fx-exchange.com)

(Source 2014–2020: Bank of Thailand) [4]

Current THB exchange rates

From Google Finance:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From Yahoo! Finance:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From XE.com:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD
From OANDA:	AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY TWD

See also[edit]

• Economy of Thailand
• Stock Exchange of Thailand

References[edit]

Sources

External links[edit]

• (in Thai) Compare exchange rates of the Thai Baht from many bank in Thailand.
• (in English, German, and French) The banknotes of Thailand

В данный момент прочитало: 2 736

Сегодня я постараюсь вам более подробно и простыми словами рассказать про Тайский бат — это государственная денежная единица Таиланда. Она имеет буквенное обозначение THB, и значок ฿. 1 бат = 100 сатангов, где бат можно считать эквивалентом российского рубля, а сатанги – эквивалентом копеек.

История Тайского бата

Если углубиться в историю, то «бат» упоминался в тайской литературе в XIV в., но официальной валютой королевства до 1928 г. был сиамский тикаль. Эти деньги использовали для покупок, следующие страны:

• Бирма;
• Сиам;
• Лаос;
• Камбоджа.

Важно знать! До XIX в. жители королевства Таиланда при расчёте денежных единиц использовали двоичную систему счисления. В 1898 г. власти Сиама внедрили в стране десятичную систему счета денег, а по истечении 30 лет у образованного Королевства Таиланд появились свои деньги, которые были названы батом. Местное население при общении, называют деньги по старому, в двоичной системе. К примеру, 25 сатангов — это четверть бата.

Как меняются деньги в Таиланде

Баты на валютной бирже не торгуются за рубли, так как нет такой пары RUB – THB (как, собственно и пар THB – KZT или THB – UAH), именно поэтому валюты конвертируются так: RUB в USD по курсу, после чего USD в THB также по настоящему курсу. Поэтому с российскими, украинскими и казахскими деньгами в Тай лучше не ехать, так как при конвертациях сильно много теряется.

Как выглядят Тайские баты

В Королевстве Таиланд используются как монеты, так и бумажные купюры. Минимальной банкнотой является купюра в 20฿, максимальной – 1000฿. Из монет с самым наименьшим номиналом– 25 сатангов, а с самым большим – 10฿.

Монеты

На сегодняшний день в ходу желтые монеты с номиналом:

• 25 сатангов с изображением буддийского храма в г. Накхонситхаммарат;
• 50 сатангов с крупным буддийским храмом в г. Накхонситхаммарат.

Никелевые монеты с изображениями:

• 1฿ — трех пагод и дворец короля;
• 2฿ — дворца королей;
• 5฿ — Мраморного храма в столице.

Самая большая по номиналу монета – 10฿, желтого цвета с белой окантовкой, чем-то напоминающая наши юбилейные 10 руб. На ней изображен дворец.

Также Центробанк Таиланда (The Bank of Thailand) иногда выпускает юбилейные монеты, которые приурочены к знаменательным датам.

Купюры

В Таиланде было выпущено 17 серий денежных знаков и 19 юбилейных, которые были приурочены к важным, для Королевства, датам и событиям. Сегодня в ходу банковские билеты номиналом: 20฿, 50฿, 100฿, 500฿, 1000฿.

На банкнотах этой серии изображен ныне действующий король – Маха Вачиралонгкорн (Рама X), который взошел на престол 13.10.2016, после того как ушел из жизни его отец. На тысячной купюре изображены два короля: отец и сын.

Стоит знать! Сейчас так же не выведены из обращения денежные знаки 15 и 16 серии, на которых изображен покойный король Пхумипона Адульядета (Рамы IX), который правил Королевством 70 лет.

Кто, не знаком с тайским языком и иероглифами, на всех купюрах написаны арабские цифры, сверху в правом углу лицевой стороны банкноты. Так же все денежные знаки разного цвета, поэтому чтобы их перепутать нужно постараться.

Чем платят в Тае

Покупки в стране тысячи улыбок оплачиваются батами. Долларами можно оплатить только в больших сувенирных магазинах. При помощи американских «рублей» можно оплачивать экскурсии, но не у всех местных тур операторов.

Стоит знать! Местное население ничего вам не продаст, если вы с ними захотите рассчитаться иностранной валютой.

В банках, банкоматах и обменных пунктах можно быстро поменять евро, доллары, китайские юани и другие иностранные валюты. Некоторые пункты принимают рубли и гривны, но как уже говорил выше — это будет абсолютно не выгодно.

Американские доллары

Меняются они в этой стране чуть ли не на каждом углу, но нужно знать некоторые нюансы:

1. Выгодно менять 100$ купюру – это будет самый лучший курс.
2. Покупая американскую валюту нужно удостовериться, что деньги не мятые и не порванные и не грязные. В противном случае не примут или обменяют по очень низкому курсу.
3. Если доллар выпущен до 1993 г. включительно, его не возьмут ни в банке, ни в обменнике, так как в эти года было зафиксировано много подделок.

Дорожные чеки

Самый выгодный способ расчёта для иностранцев — дорожные чеки (travel check). В РФ такая система еще плохо развита и многие даже не знают что это такое.

Следует знать! Дорожный чек можно получить в Русском Стандарте, Райффайзен-банке, Связь-банке и в еще в нескольких российских банках.

Плюсы travel check:

1. Достаточно высокий обменный курс. При обмене на тайский бат взымается комиссия 30฿ и 3฿ за так называемую проштамповку чека. Также как и с банкнотами, выгодно менять чеки от 100$ и выше.
2. В Тае очень много мелких воришек. Если у вас похитят бумажные деньги, то их можно без каких-либо проблем потратить, а вот чеки им будут бесполезны, так как при операции с ними нужна подпись владельца.

Пластиковые карты

Этот метод оплаты самый популярный в стране 1000 улыбок. Ими можно расплатиться абсолютно везде.

Совет! Из-за того, что Таиланд причислен к странам с высоким риском опасности, прежде чем ехать поставьте на карты лимит, более которого за раз нельзя рассчитаться.

При наличии пластиковой карты со счетом в долларах можно менять на тайский бат с одной конвертацией. Если это будет рублевая карта, то придется заплатить за двойную конвертацию.

Самым простым способом получить тайский бат наличными – воспользоваться банкоматами, которых в Королевстве огромное количество.

Нужно знать! При снятии денег в банкомате у вас банк возьмет комиссию 200฿ с любой суммы + нужно будет заплатить налоги, сборы и проценты. Поэтому нужно снимать сразу большую сумму. Банкомат за раз выдает не более 30 000฿.

Банки Krungsri и Bangkok Bank дают возможность получить наличными тайский бат без комиссии при использовании банковской карты. Но прежде чем осуществлять финансовые операции, необходимо узнать условия, потому что они часто меняются.

Важно! При получении наличных в банке вам понадобится паспорт.

Криптовалюта

Любой банк Таиланда и обменный пункт меняет биткоины на тайский бат. Также криптовалютой можно оплатить любую покупку. От владельца биткоинов понадобится доступ к криптовалютному счёту и загранпаспорт.

Курсы криптовалют разнятся, в каждом месте он разный. Самый выгодный обмен биткоина в банке. В стране тысячи улыбок это является законной сделкой, и ничего противоправного здесь нет.

Отношение тайцев к деньгам

Местных жителей Таиланда нельзя назвать заботливыми и бережливыми. Деньги здесь приносят удовольствие, а работа всех жителей Королевства должна:

• быть «сабай» — удобная, приятная и не вызывающая ощущения дискомфорта;
• способствовать следованию «суэй» — красоте.

А заработная плата необходима только для «санук» — для удовольствия и немного для погашения долгов, образовавшихся при определенном образе жизни.

Практически вся промышленность и банковские сектор Таиланда находится под руководством китайцев, а местное население работает как наемные рабочие, которые добросовестно выполняют свою работу, если она не идет в противоречие с «сабай».

Важно знать! Тайцы никогда не будут работать на износ, и не преследуют цель, дослужиться до начальника. Они не гонятся за большими деньгами, но и не брезгуют зарабатывать на иностранцах. Очень легким видом заработка они считают выигрыш в лотерею.  

Тайский бат «на чай»

В Тае не просят чаевые. Здесь принято самостоятельно их оставлять за работу:

• носильщика (10฿);
• экскурсовода (20฿);
• гувернантки (20฿ в день);
• официантки (10% от суммы чека).

Важно знать! Давать на чай монеты в Таиланде – оскорбительно для местного населения.

Денежные традиции

Плохое отношение к деньгам в Таиланде преследуется законом, даже могут осудить. Потому что на каждой банкноте изображены члены королевской семьи, а местное население с большой любовью относится к королю и его семье, поэтому тайский бат нужно любить и бережно к нему относиться.

Важно знать! Хранить тайский бат, в заднем кармане штанов расценивается, как оскорбление короля. Оплатить покупку рваной, грязной или помятой купюрой – неуважение к продавцу. Оплачивая покупку нужно подавать бумажные деньги двумя руками, так чтобы изображение короля было сверху.

На этом у меня все. Я рассказал вам про тайский бат и надеюсь, что эта статья была вам полезной. До новых встреч на сайте ТОП Денег, где вы узнаете много интересного о мировых валютах.

Бат – денежная единица Таиланда, обозначаемая по классификации ISO буквами THB, и имеющая значок ฿. Валюта Тайланда состоит из ста тайских «копеек» — сатангов.

История валюты

Название «бат» упоминается в тайских литературных источниках ещё с XIV века, хотя вплоть до 1928 года на территории Королевства имела хождение совершенно другая валюта: сиамский тикаль, который использовался для совершения сделок в:

• Сиаме;
• Бирме;
• Лаосе;
• Камбодже.

Примечательно то, что до XIX века нынешние тайцы при денежных расчётах пользовались двоичной системой счисления.

В 1898 году сиамские власти перешли на десятичную систему денежного счёта, а спустя 30 лет новообразованное Королевство Таиланд обзавелось собственной валютой – батом. В разговорном тайском до сих пор сохранились анахронизмы, берущие корни в старой монетной системе. Например, четверть бата (25 сатангов) по-прежнему называется салуенг или салун.

Курс обмена

Курс обмена 1฿ (бат) к рублю, доллару и евро онлайн на текущее время:

Курс валют THB: Сб, 4 Мар.

Валютной пары рубль – бат не существует (как, собственно и пар бат – тенге или бат – гривна), поэтому конвертация одной валюты в другую происходит следующим образом: рубль конвертируется в доллар по текущему курсу – доллар конвертируется в национальную валюту Таиланда по текущему курсу. Бессмысленно брать большое количество национальных денежных знаков России, Казахстана или Украины. Обмен, конечно, будет возможен, но многочисленные конвертации и комиссии значительно сократят бюджет на отдых.

Вид и номинал валюты Таиланда

В денежной системе Королевства используются купюры и монеты. Минимальная номинальная стоимость бумажного банковского билета – 20 бат, максимальная – 1000 бат. Минимальная номинальная стоимость монеты – 25 сатангов, максимальная – 10 бат.

Монеты

Самой маленькой номинальной стоимостью обладают жёлтые тайские монеты в 25 и 50 бат. Далее идут никелевые монеты в 1 бат, 2 бата, 5 бат. Желтая монета с белой окантовкой в 10 бат, которая выглядит почти как российские юбилейные «десятки», имеет самую высокую номинальную стоимость. Помимо этого монетный двор Таиланда периодически выпускает юбилейные монеты, приуроченные к памятным датам.

Купюры

На данный момент в королевстве Тайланд выпущено 17 серий типовых банкнот и 19 юбилейных серий, выпуск которых приурочен к различным памятным событиям. Номиналы купюр: 20 бат, 50 бат, 100 бат, 500 бат и 1000 бат. На лицевой стороне использующихся до сих пор банкнот 15 и 16 серий находится изображение покойного ныне короля Пхумипона Адульядета (Рамы IX), правившего в Тайланде с 1946 по 2016 год.

На лицевую сторону купюр 17 серии помещено изображение нового короля Таиланда – Махи Вачиралонгкорна (Рамы X), взошедшего на престол после смерти отца 13 октября 2016 года. На банкноте номиналом в 1000 бат можно увидеть сразу двух королей – отца и сына.

Туристу не придётся путаться в незнакомых обозначениях чужого языка и думать, как выглядят баты необходимого номинала: ценность купюры в арабских цифрах указана в правом верхнем углу на лицевой стороне каждого бумажного денежного знака. К тому же деньги Тайланда различаются по цветам, так что риск перепутать купюры сводится к минимуму. Исключение составляют бумажки в 100 и 1000 бат – их оформление и цвет схожи, поэтому следует внимательно считать количество нулей при расчёте этими банкнотами.

Тайские деньги на месяц. Сколько нужно и на что

Отдых в Тайланде – относительно бюджетный. На человека в среднем уходит порядка 1000$ за 2 недели. Тем, кто вместо номера в отеле или бунгало снимает квартиру, понадобится в два раза меньше средств. 1000$ в месяц на каждого члена семьи будет вполне достаточно.

• 320-400$ обойдётся жильё;
• Аренда транспортного средства (мотобайка) будет стоить 100$ в месяц;
• 300-400$ — продукты;
• 7$ — сотовая связь;
• Остальное пойдёт на экскурсии, топливо и сувениры.

Чем рассчитаться в Таиланде

Практически все расчёты в Королевстве происходят в батах. Расчёт в долларах возможен только в некоторых крупных сувенирных магазинах. С помощью «зелёных банкнот» можно оплатить некоторые экскурсии. Однако в 99% случаев местное население не будет иметь дел с туристом, если он не протянет продавцу привычные баты.

Местные банки, банкоматы и обменные пункты помогут конвертировать в местную валюту доллары, евро, китайские юани и ещё порядка 10 мировых валют. Можно найти и обменники, предлагающие поменять на баты рубли или, скажем, гривны. К большому сожалению россиян, среди наиболее удобных валют для поездки в Тайланд рубль оказался аутсайдером.

Доллары

Ответом на вопрос — какая самая удобная и популярная валюта для граждан РФ в Таиланде – будет «доллары». Обменять их на баты в стране тысячи улыбок можно повсеместно, особенно если знать три нюанса:

1. Чем крупнее номинал купюры – тем более выгоден курс обмена. Банкноты в 50 и 100 долларов являются наиболее популярным вариантом. Разница в обмене между ними и 1-5 долларовыми банкнотами может колеблется в пределах 2-3%.
2. При покупке долларов необходимо проследить, чтобы купюры не были ветхими, грязными или рваными — поврежденные валютные билеты могут отказаться менять по сниженному курсу.
3. Доллары выпуска до 1993 года включительно могут отказаться принимать не только в обменном пункте, но и в отделении банка. Это связано с большим количеством поддельных банкнот, датированных этими годами.

Дорожные чеки

Оптимальным способом расчёта для путешествия по островам и материковой части Таиланда по многочисленным отзывам являются дорожные чеки (трэвел чеки). Однако в России подобная система развита слабо, и многие путешественники даже не слышали об этом способе оплаты. Приобрести дорожные чеки можно в офисах Райффайзен-банка, Связь-банка, Мастер банка, Русского стандарта и в некоторых других. Преимущества дорожных чеков при поездке в Королевство:

1. Высокий курс обмена. За каждую операцию по обмену валюты в Таиланде придётся заплатить комиссию, которая на середину 2019 года составляла 30 бат + 3 бат за проштамповку чека. Поэтому лучше использовать крупные чеки – номиналом в 100$ или больше.
2. В Тайланде высок риск стать жертвой карманников. Если злоумышленник сможет легко потратить наличность, то дорожными чеками он воспользоваться не сможет, так как для их использования необходима подпись владельца.

Использование пластиковой карты

В Тайланде сложно найти даже крохотный магазинчик, в котором нельзя было бы рассчитаться пластиковой картой. Во избежание блокировки карты банком-эмитентом стоит заранее позвонить в отделение и сообщить о предстоящей поездке, ведь страна тысячи улыбок относится к территории повышенного риска. Оформление карты с долларовым счётом позволит обменивать американскую валюту в Тайланде всего лишь с одной конвертацией, в отличие от рублёвой карты, где средства будут конвертироваться два раза — в доллары и в баты.

Самый простой способ обналичить средства с карты – воспользоваться банкоматами, в изобилии представленными на каждой улице Таиланда. Однако тут есть несколько нюансов. Во-первых, помимо налогов, процентов и сборов, взимаемых банком-эмитентом, с карты спишется около 200 бат за снятие любой суммы. Следовательно, снимать большую сумму выгоднее, чем меньшую. Во-вторых, в банкоматах поставлены ограничения на выдачу наличных. Снять больше 20-30 тысяч бат за одну операцию невозможно.

Многие банки страны тысячи улыбок предлагают обналичить средства с пластиковой карты без комиссии, однако условия в них периодически меняются. Непосредственно перед обменом стоит обойти несколько отделений различных банков в Таиланде и узнать условия снятия денег с карты. Прежде всего, стоит обратить внимание на жёлтый банк Krungsri или голубой Bangkok Bank. Обязательными условиями получения наличных являются наличие паспорта и карты международного образца с прописанным именем и фамилией владельца.

Криптовалюта

Банки Таиланда без проблем обналичивают и принимают к оплате биткоины. Подобными операциями занимаются как крупные банки, так и небольшие обменные пункты. От владельца криптовалюты требуется доступ к счёту и удостоверение личности, которым может служить загранпаспорт.

Где менять валюту

Менять доллары на национальную валюту Таиланда в аэропорту можно, однако в городских банках зачастую более выгодный курс обмена. Разница между «портовым» и «городским» курсом может достигать 1,5-2 бат за доллар. Исключение составляет обменный пункт SuperRich на нижнем уровне Суварнабхуми, аэропорта Бангкока. Здесь курс обмена американской валюты по отношению к бату практически соответствует официальному банковскому.

Обменные пункты валют в отелях, гестасах и гостиницах, как в Бангкоке, так и в провинциях славятся наименее выгодным для туристов курсом обмена. При желании сэкономить – лучше обратиться в отделение банка (режим работы: будни с 8-30 до 20-00) или пункты-представительства крупных банков (режим работы: в среднем с 9-00 до 15-30).

Отношение к деньгам

Самих жителей страны тысячи улыбок нельзя назвать рачительными и бережливыми хозяевами. Деньги в Тайланде должны приносить удовольствие, поэтому работа настоящего тайца должна быть «сабай» — удобной, не приносящей дискомфорта, вызывающей приятные ощущения, и помогать работнику следовать «суэй» — философии красоты, а зарплата нужна исключительно для «санук» — удовольствия и чуть-чуть для того, чтобы гасить неизбежно появляющиеся при подобном образе жизни долги.

Большая часть промышленности и банковская система страны сосредоточена в руках китайцев, а коренное население довольствуется постами наёмных рабочих, выполняющих, однако же, свои обязанности достаточно добросовестно, если они не противоречат «сабай».

Жители Таиланда не стремятся получить высокий пост и зарабатывать баты потом и кровью. Идеальным вариантом стяжать состояние считается крупный выигрыш в лотерею или иной способ лёгкого получения прибыли. Не чураются местные жители и пополнения кошелька крупной купюрой за счёт туристов, поэтому в Тайланде можно и нужно торговаться.

Деньги «на чай»

В Таиланде не требуют чаевых на каждом шагу. Как правило, их оставляют:

• носильщикам (купюру в 5 или 10 бат, что по отношению к российской валюте составляет 11-22 рубля, оставлять на чай монеты у тайцев не принято, а порой даже оскорбительно);
• гидам (приемлемой будет сумма в 10-20 бат за экскурсию);
• горничным (так же от 10 до 20 бат в сутки);
• 10% от счёта в ресторане вполне устроят официанта, если по какой-либо причине стоимость обслуживания в батах не включена в итоговую сумму.

Денежные традиции Таиланда

Неуважение к денежным знакам страны преследуется тайцами вплоть до уголовной ответственности. Это связано с изображением короля Рамы 9 и членов его семьи, расположенных на каждой купюре. Жители страны с большим трепетом относятся к августейшей особе и членам его семьи, поэтому обращаться с тайскими деньгами стоит бережно. Их нельзя рвать, мять, комкать, а уж тем более бросать на землю. Кстати, хранение кошелька с батами в заднем кармане брюк может быть так же расценено как оскорбление памяти монарха.

Расплатиться порванной купюрой в Тайланде значит проявить неуважения к продавцу.

Во время оплаты следует подавать купюру двумя руками, изображением короля вверх.

В 1928 году валюта в Таиланде получила официальное название тайский бат. Однако это понятие встречалось уже в XIV в. Как же так вышло, что только спустя несколько веков тайский бат был признан?

Королевство Сиам (Тайланд)

Как известно, в XIV-XV веках Таиланд как государства еще не существовал. Он появился в результате мирной революции 1939 года. Ранее эту территорию занимало королевство Сиам. С ним европейские державы вели переговоры и заключали торговые сделки. Здесь же и появился будущий тайский бат.

Однако, как и в Великобритании или Китае, таиландский бат прежде был исторически сложившейся единицей измерения денег, чья стоимость зависела от массы одного из монетных металлов. В случае Сиама (Таиланда) его роль отводилась серебру. Название денежной единицы «бат» было местным, а европейские страны называли его иначе: «сиамский тикаль». Тикаль – общеевропейское название для единиц измерения денег в государствах Индокитая, стоимость которых привязана к массе драгоценных металлов. Интересно, что «тикаль» в переводе с санскрита «клейменная серебряная монета» (по одной из версий), а также оно является однокоренным для другой знакомой нам единицы – тенге. Таким образом, бат до 1928 года и после — два разных понятия.

История до 1928 года

Если вернуться к самому началу истории денег Таиланда, то мы вновь встретим, как и в Китае, использование раковин каури. В течении сотен лет они использовались в качестве местных монет. В XIII в. на их место пришла монета под названием p’hot duang (др. khot duang). Это были небольшие кусочки серебра разной массы и размера. Удивительно, что, используя серебро, мастера делали монеты вручную. Они имели форму вдавленного вовнутрь эллипса. Изначально монета имела две метки: первая говорила о династии или просто несла знак королевства, вторая – личный знак монарха. По мере хождения количество отметок на дуанге прибавлялось. Стоимость определялась в тех самых батах или, на европейский манер, тикалях. Дуанги находились в обороте вплоть до 1860 года.

Дуанг (монеты-пули)

В XIX в. между Сиамом и западными странами активно налаживалось дипломатические отношения, что послужило причиной для введения режима свободной торговли. В связи с этим, дуанг перестал справляться с возросшими экономическими потребностями. Для решения этой проблемы начали печатать первые банкноты (1852 г.), но это не увенчалось успехом. Жителям страны было привычнее использовать дуанг. Уже в 1861 году была предпринята вторая попытка справиться с ситуацией: на монетном дворе Бирмингема начали чеканить монеты европейского типа, то есть плоские и круглые: из серебра — 4, 2, 1, ½ и т.д. тикаля), из меди и цинка (1⁄16, 1⁄32 и т.д. тикаля) и золотые 8, 4 и 2½ тикаля. Далее решили ввести новые монеты. У них были номиналы 1 сик, 1 фуанг, 1 и 2 салунга, 1, 2 и 4 бата.

1 фуанг (1902-1908). Король Рама V

1 бат (1876-1908)

В 1874 году медь заменили оловом. Золотые же чеканились до 1895 года. В 1897 году впервые появились монеты номиналом в ½, 5, 10, 20 сатангов.

В 1873 году было отмечено, что население более доверяло той валюте, которую обменивали на деньги в казино. Английские же медные монеты настолько обесценилась, что были изъяты в 1875 году. Правительство не было способно урегулировать сложившуюся ситуацию и поэтому разрешило использовать и выпускать банкноты иностранными коммерческим банкам в 1898 г. В том же году страна перешла на десятичную систему денежного счета. В 1902 году 1 бат равнялся 15 г. и делился на 100 сатангов.

10 сатангов (1918)

В 1908 году появились монеты с отверстиями: 1 сатанг в бронзе, а 5 и 10 сатангов в никеле.

Банкноты население Сиама практически не считало деньгами до 1902 года. Тогда открыли новый департамент при Министерстве финансов, который надзирал за качеством и разработкой технологии печати. Были напечатаны банкноты номиналом в 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 и 1000 батов с арабскими цифрами.

1 бат (1918)

20 батов (1918 г)

1000 батов (1918)

15 апреля 1928 года было объявлено, что теперь бат является официальной валютой Сиама. Был установлен обмен тикалей 1 к 1. Тикаль, существовавший до этого, не был выведен из оборота. Он остался в экономике, но уже в роли второго названия национальный валюты Тайланда. С 1928 года по 1932 год был разрешен свободный обмен батов на золото.

Монеты Таиланда

В период Второй мировой войны все ресурсы страны были направлены на фронт. В 1941 году правительство столкнулось с нехваткой никеля, который активно использовался в производстве аккумуляторов, поэтому ввели серебряные монеты достоинством 5, 10 и 20 сатангов.

5 сатангов (1941)

20 сатангов (1941)

Интересно, что в истории чеканки тайских монет был период, когда монеты шли без изменения дат. Например, на монетах 5 и 10 сатангов до 1973 года ставили дату «1950», а на 25 сатангов до 1964 года – «1946».

Современная серия обиходных монет, чеканившихся Королевским монетным двором Таиланда, началась в 2008 году. Изменилмя материал и/или вес всех позиций монетного ряда за исключением 10 батов. Обновили и портрет короля Таиланда. Появившаяся в 2018 году последняя линейка монет обладает теми же характеристиками. Изменение связано с чеканкой на аверсе портрета нового короля, которым стал Маха Вачиралонгкорн.

1 бат (2018). Король Маха Вачиралонгкорн

Банкноты Таиланда

Банком Таиланда на данный момент выпущено уже 17 серий банкнот.

5 батов (1948-1969). 9 серия

50 батов (1985-1996). 15 серия

Как можно заметить, оформление банкнот различных серий очень похоже. Кроме этого, по номиналам линейки купюр последних серий полностью совпадают. Меняется лишь портрет правителя, поэтому с приходом нового короля обязательно появляется и новая серия тайских купюр. Выпускаются также и памятные банкноты.

500 батов. 90 лет Принцессе-Матери Таиланда (Синакхаринтхра – мать двух королей Таиланда, Рамы VIII и Рамы IX)

50 батов. Купюра посвящена 50-летию правления короля Рамы IX

Другое отличие уже можно наблюдать внутри серий – разные цвета для разных номиналов. Банкноты достоинством в 20 батов окрашены зеленым, 50 – синим, 100 – оранжевым, 500 – розовым, а для 1000 батов – коричневым. На купюрах вы можете видеть тайскую цифру вместе с арабской.

Набор тайских купюр. 17 серия

На ноябрь 2020 года курсы обмены таиландского бата составляют 1 бат = 2.5 рубля и 1 бат = 0.033 доллара США

Куприна Анастасия

The baht (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Lang-th, Template:IPA-th; sign: ฿; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand. It is subdivided into 100 satang ((th), Template:IPA-th). The issuance of currency is the responsibility of the Bank of Thailand.

According to SWIFT, as of February 2017, the Thai baht is ranked as the 10th most frequently used world payment currency.^[1]

According to a report in the South China Morning Post, the China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation produces at least some Thai banknotes and coins.^[2]

History[]

Main article: History of Thai money

The Thai baht,^[3] like the pound, originated from a traditional unit of mass. Its currency value was originally expressed as that of silver of corresponding weight (now defined as 15 grams), and was in use probably as early as the Sukhothai period in the form of bullet coins known in Thai as phot duang (Template:Lang-th). These were pieces of solid silver cast to various weights corresponding to a traditional system of units related by simple fractions and multiples, one of which is the baht. These are listed in the following table:^[4][5]

Unit (RTGS)	Thai spelling	Relative value	Value relative to baht	Notes
Bia	เบี้ย	Template:Fraction อัฐ	Template:Fraction	Bia is Thai for cowry, the shell of which was used as a trade medium of the same value.
Solot	โสฬส	Template:Fraction fueang	Template:Fraction	Solot here literally means «sixteen» or sixteenth, referring to the fractional amount relative to a fueang.
At	อัฐ	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง, Template:Fraction ไพ	Template:Fraction	Likewise, at literally means eight.
Siao/Phai	เสี้ยว/ไพ	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง, Template:Fraction ซีก	Template:Fraction	Siao means quarter.
Sik	ซีก	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง	Template:Fraction	Sik means half.
Fueang	เฟื้อง	Template:Fraction บาท, Template:Fraction สลึง	Template:Fraction
Salueng	สลึง	Template:Fraction บาท (0.25 baht, 25 สตางค์), Template:Fraction มายน	Template:Fraction
Song salueng/Mayon	สองสลึง/มายน	Template:Fraction บาท (0.50 baht, 50 สตางค์)	Template:Fraction
Baht	บาท	Template:Fraction ตำลึง	1
Tamlueng	ตำลึง	4 บาท, Template:Fraction ชั่ง	4	Thai version of the tael.
Chang	ชั่ง	20 ตำลึง, Template:Fraction หาบ	80	Thai version of the catty.

That system was in use up until 1897, when the decimal system devised by Jayanta Mongkol, in which one baht = 100 satang, was introduced by king Chulalongkorn. However, coins denominated in the old units were issued until 1910, and the amount of 25 satang is still commonly referred to as a salueng, as is the 25-satang coin.

Until 27 November 1902, the baht was fixed on a purely silver basis, with 15 grams of silver to the baht. This caused the value of the currency to vary relative to currencies on a gold standard. In 1857, the values of certain foreign silver coins were fixed in law, with the one baht = 0.6 Straits dollar and five baht = seven Indian rupees. Before 1880 the exchange rate was fixed at eight baht per pound sterling, falling to 10 to the pound during the 1880s.

In 1902, the government began to increase the value of the baht by following all increases in the value of silver against gold but not reducing it when the silver price fell. Beginning at 21.75 baht = one pound sterling, the currency rose in value until, in 1908, a fixed peg to the British pound sterling was established of 13 baht = one pound. This was revised to 12 baht in 1919 and then, after a period of instability, to 11 baht in 1923. During World War II, the baht was fixed at a value of one Japanese yen.

From 1956 until 1973, the baht was pegged to the U.S. dollar at an exchange rate of 20.8 baht = one dollar and at 20 baht = 1 dollar until 1978.^[6][7][8] A strengthening US economy caused Thailand to re-peg its currency at 25 to the dollar from 1984 until 2 July 1997, when the country was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The baht was floated and halved in value, reaching its lowest rate of 56 to the dollar in January 1998. It has since risen to about 30 per dollar.

The baht was originally known to foreigners by the term tical,^[9] which was used in English language text on banknotes until 1925.^[10]

Coins[]

Rama III (1824-1851) was the first king to consider the use of a flat coin. He did so not for the convenience of traders, but because he was disturbed that the creatures living in the cowrie shells were killed. When he learned of the use of flat copper coins in Singapore in 1835, he contacted a Scottish trader, who had two types of experimental coins struck in England. The king rejected both designs. The name of the country put on these first coins was Muang Thai, not Siam.^[11][12]
Cowrie shells from the Mekong River had been used as currency for small amounts since the Sukhothai period. Before 1860, Thailand did not produce coins using modern methods. Instead, a so-called «bullet» coinage was used, consisting of bars of metal, thicker in the middle, bent round to form a complete circle on which identifying marks were stamped.^[13]
[14] Denominations issued included ⅟₁₂₈, ⅟₆₄, ⅟₃₂, ⅟₁₆, ⅛, ½, 1, 1 ½, 2, 2 ½, 4, 4 ½, 8, 10, 20, 40, and 80 baht in silver and ⅟₃₂, ⅟₁₆, ⅛, ½, 1, 1 ½, 2, and 4 baht in gold. 1 gold baht was generally worth 16 silver baht. Between 1858 and 1860, foreign trade coins were also stamped by the government for use in Thailand.

In 1860, modern style coins were introduced. These were silver 1 sik, 1 fuang, 1 and 2 salung, 1, 2, and 4 baht, with the baht weighing 15.244 grams and the others weight related. Tin 1 solot and 1 att followed in 1862, with gold 2 ½, 4, and 8 baht introduced in 1863 and copper 2 and 4 att in 1865. Copper replaced tin in the 1 solot and 1 att in 1874, with copper 4 att introduced in 1876. The last gold coins were struck in 1895.

In 1897, the first coins denominated in satang were introduced, cupronickel 2 ½, 5, 10, and 20 satang. However, 1 solot, 1 and 2 att coins were struck until 1905 and 1 fuang coins were struck until 1910. In 1908, holed 1, 5, and 10 satang coins were introduced, with the 1 satang in bronze and the 5 and 10 satang in nickel. The 1 and 2 salung were replaced by 25 and 50 satang coins in 1915. In 1937, holed, bronze ½ satang were issued.

In 1941, a series of silver coins was introduced in denominations of 5, 10, and 20 satang, due to a shortage of nickel caused by World War II. The next year, tin coins were introduced for 1, 5, and 10 satang, followed by 20 satang in 1945 and 25 and 50 satang in 1946. In 1950, aluminium-bronze 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang were introduced whilst, in 1957, bronze 5 and 10 satang were issued, along with 1 baht coins struck in an unusual alloy of copper, nickel, silver, and zinc. Several Thai coins were issued for many years without changing the date. These include the tin 1942 1 satang and the 1950 5 and 10 satang, struck until 1973, the tin 1946 25 satang struck until 1964, the tin 50 satang struck until 1957, and the aluminium bronze 1957 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang struck until the 1970s. Cupronickel 1 baht coins were introduced in 1962 and struck without date change until 1982.

In 1972, cupronickel 5 baht coins were introduced, switching to cupronickel-clad copper in 1977. Between 1986 and 1988, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium 1, 5, and 10 satang, aluminium-bronze 25 and 50 satang, cupronickel 1 baht, cupronickel-clad-copper 5 baht and bimetallic 10 baht. Cupronickel-clad-steel 2 baht were introduced in 2005.

In 2008, the Ministry of Finance and the Royal Thai Mint announced the 2009 coin series, which included changes in materials to reduce production costs as well as an update of the image on the obverse to a more recent portrait of the king. The two-baht coin, confusingly similar in color and size to the one-baht coin, was changed from nickel-clad low-carbon steel to aluminium bronze. New two-baht coin was the first of the new series released on February 3, 2009, followed by a satang coin in April, a five-baht coin in May, a ten-baht coin in June, and a one-baht coin in July 2009.

In 2018, the Royal Thai Mint and the Ministry of Finance issued a new series of general circulation coins, featuring the same standard specifications, but feature a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama IX) [2] [3] Template:Th icon
Value	Technical parameters	Description	Date of first minting
Diameter	Mass	Composition	Obverse	Reverse
1 satang 1	15 mm	0.5 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Hariphunchai, Lamphun	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
5 satang 1	16 mm	0.6 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra Pathom Chedi, Nakhon Pathom	1987
16.5 mm	99% Aluminium	2008
10 satang 1	17.5 mm	0.8 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra That Choeng Chum, Sakon Nakhon	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|25 satang	16 mm	1.9 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	1987
16 mm	1.9 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|50 satang	18 mm	2.4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	1987
18 mm	2.4 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	2008
1 baht	20 mm	3.4 g	Cupronickel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok	1986
3 g	Nickel-plated steel	2008
2 baht	21.75 mm	4.4 g	Nickel-plated low-carbon steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2005
21.75 mm	4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2008
5 baht	24 mm	7.5 g	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok	1988
6 g	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|10 baht	rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|26 mm	8.5 g	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Arun, Bangkok	Template:Coin-silver-color|1988
Template:Coin-silver-color|2008

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama X)
Image	Value	Composition	Description	Date of minting
Obverse	Reverse	Obverse	Reverse
		1 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		25 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		50 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		1 baht	Nickel-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		2 baht	Aluminum bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 baht	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 baht	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018

[]

1. The 1, 5, and 10 satang are very rarely seen in circulation.^[15] Even though the satang-denominated coins are legal tender, small shops usually don’t accept them anymore.
2. Older coins, some of which are still in circulation, had only Thai numerals, but newer designs also have Arabic numerals.
3. The standard-issue 10-baht coin has, at the 12 o’clock position on the reverse, raised dots corresponding to Braille cell dot 1 and dots 2-4-5, which correspond to the number 10.
4. 10-baht coins are very similar to 2–euro coins in size, shape and weight, and are likewise bi-metallic, although they are worth only 25 eurocents. Vending machines not equipped with up-to-date coin detectors might therefore accept them as €2 coins.^[16]
5. Many commemorative 1, 2, 5, and 10 baht coins have been made for special events. There also are 20, 50, 100 baht base metal commemorative coins and higher denomination precious metal coins as well.Template:Which

In February 2010 the Treasury Department of Thailand stated that it has been planning a new circulation 20 baht coin.^[17]

Banknotes[]

In 1851, the government issued notes for ⅛, ¼, ⅜, ½, and 1 tical, followed by 3, 4, 6, and 10 tamlueng in 1853. After 1857, notes for 20 and 40 ticals were issued, also bearing their values in Straits dollars and Indian rupees. Undated notes were also issued before 1868 for 5, 7, 8, 12, and 15 tamlueng, and 1 chang. One att notes were issued in 1874.

In 1892, the treasury issued notes for 1, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, 400, and 800 ticals, called «baht» in the Thai text.

The year 1902 marked the introduction of reforms by prince Jayanta Mongkol after his observations of banking practices in Europe, which became an important landmark in the inauguration of paper money in Thailand.^[18] On September 19, 1902, the government introduced notes which were printed by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited, England, during the reigns of Kings Rama V and Rama VI, denominated 5, 10, 20, 100, and 1000 ticals, still called baht in the Thai text — each denomination having many types,^[19] with 1 and 50 tical notes following in 1918. In 1925, notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100, and 1,000 baht with the denomination in both Arabic and Thai numerals without English text;^[20] English speakers continued to refer to these as «ticals».^[21]

In 1942, the Bank of Thailand was founded and took over responsibility for the issuance of paper money. 50 baht notes were briefly reintroduced in 1945, with 50 satang notes issued in 1946. The one baht note was replaced by a coin in 1957 and the five baht was replaced in 1972. 50 baht notes were again reintroduced in 1985, with the 10 baht note replaced by a coin in 1988. The EURion constellation has been used on the reverse of 100 and 1000 baht notes since 2003. Older notes are occasionally still found in circulation, for example, 10 baht notes, and these can usually be spent without problem. In any case, they can be exchanged for free in banks.

On 27 July 2010, the Bank of Thailand announced that the 16th series banknotes would enter circulation in December 2010.^[22][23] On 9 August 2012, the Bank of Thailand issued a new denomination banknote, 80 baht, to commemorate queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday.^[24] It was the first Thai banknote that featured Crane’s Motion security thread.

In 2017, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes in remembrance of its late king Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). The notes are the same size and dimensions as the «Series 16» banknotes, with the front designs as before, but the back designs featuring images of the king’s life in infancy, adolescence and maturity. The new family of banknotes were issued on September 20.^[25]

In 2018, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes featuring a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.
The main colors and dimensions of the notes are the same as before, with the back designs featuring images of the Kings of Thailand from past to present. The 20, 50 and 100 baht banknotes were issued on Chakri Memorial Day, April 6, 2018. The final two denominations, 500 and 1,000 baht were issued on the anniversary of the birth of King Maha Vajiralongkorn, July 28, 2018.^[26]

Images of banknotes have been removed lest they infringe copyright,^[27] but may be viewed at the Thai-language article linked in the margin.

15th series banknotes [4]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the armed forces	King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	3 March 2003
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Mongkut (Rama IV)	19 March 2004
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	21 October 2005
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	King Nangklao (Rama III)	1 August 2001
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Bhumibol Adulyadej; Pa Sak Jolasid Dam	25 November 2005

16th series banknotes**[28]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht[29]	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the Royal House of Chakri gown	King Ram Khamhaeng the Great on the Manangkhasila Asana Throne monument; invention of the Thai script; Ramkhamhaeng stele	1 April 2013[30]
50 baht[31]	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Naresuan the Great pouring water for declaration of independence monument; Statue of king Naresuan the Great on war elephant; Phra Chedi Chai Mongkol temple	18 January 2012[32]
100 baht[33]	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Taksin the Great monument in Wongwian Yai circle; Phra Ratchawang Doem (King Taksin’s palace); Wichai Prasit Fortress Thonburi	26 February 2015[34]
500 baht[35]	156 × 72 mm	Violet	King Buddha Yodfa Chulalok the Great (King Rama I) monument; Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Wat Pho); Phra Sumen Fort (Bangkok city wall)	12 May 2014[36]
1,000 baht[37]	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Chunla Chom Klao the Great (King Rama V) monument ; Ananta Samakhom throne hall, Dusit palace ground king’s monument, end of slavery in Siam	21 August 2015[38]

17th series banknotes [39]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Maha Vajiralongkorn in the uniform of the commander of the Royal Thai Air Force	Kings Phra Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) and Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II)	6 April 2018
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	Kings Nangklao (Rama III) and Mongkut (Rama IV)	6 April 2018
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	Kings Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	6 April 2018
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	Kings Prajadhipok (Rama VII) and Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	28 July 2018
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	Kings Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and Maha Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)	28 July 2018

Commemorative notes[]

In addition to the banknotes currently in circulation (herinbefore), numerous commemorative notes have been issued:

• 5 baht (1969): Date of the inauguration of the note printing works, Bank of Thailand (commemorative text added to regular 5 baht notes)
• 10 baht (1969): Date of the inauguration of the note printing works, Bank of Thailand (commemorative text added to regular 10 baht notes)
• 60 baht (1987): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 60th birthday
• 50 baht (1990): Princess mother Srinagarindra‘s 90th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 50 baht notes)
• 500 baht (1990): Princess mother Srinagarindra’s 90th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 500 baht notes)
• 1000 baht (1992): Queen Sirikit‘s 60th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 1000 baht notes)
• 10 baht (1996): 120th anniversary of the ministry of finance (commemorative text added to regular 10 baht notes)
• 50 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (polymer note)
• 500 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (polymer note)
• 500 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (a different emblem)
• 1000 baht (1999): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 72nd birthday (a different emblem)
• 50 baht (2000): 50th anniversary of royal wedding of king Bhumibol Adulyadej and queen Sirikit
• 500,000 baht (2000): 50th anniversary of royal wedding of king Bhumibol Adulyadej and queen Sirikit
• 100 baht (2002): The centenary of the issuance of Thai banknotes
• 100 baht (2004): Queen Sirikit’s 72nd birthday
• 60 baht (2006): 60th anniversary celebrations of Bhumibol Adulyadej’s accession to the throne
• 16 baht (2007): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 80th birthday (1, 5, 10 baht)
• 100 baht (2010): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 60th anniversary of coronation day and the 60th anniversary of the wedding of the king and queen Sirikit
• 100 baht (2011): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 84th birthday
• 80 baht (2012): Queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday^[24]
• 100 baht (2012): Crown prince Maha Vajiralongkorn’s 5th Cycle (60th) birthday anniversary^[24]
• 100 baht (2015): Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn’s 5th Cycle (60th) birthday anniversary^[40]
• 70 baht (2016): 70th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s accession to the throne^[41][42][43]
• 500 baht (2016): Queen Sirikit’s 7th cycle (84th) birthday^[44][45]
• 20 to 1,000 baht (2017): In remembrance of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

Money and unit of mass[]

Ngoen (เงิน) is Thai for silver as well as the general term for money, reflecting the fact that the baht (or tical) is foremost a unit of weight for precious metals and gemstones. One baht = 15.244 grams.^[46] Since the standard purity of Thai gold is 96.5%, the actual gold content of one baht by weight is 15.244 × 0.965 = 14.71046 grams; equivalent to about 0.473 troy ounces. 15.244 grams is used for bullion; in the case of jewellery, 1 baht should be more than 15.16 grams.

Exchange rates[]

File:USD rate to THB.svg

File:Euro exchange rate to THB.svg

The Bank of Thailand adopted a series of exchange controls on December 19, 2006, which resulted in a significant divergence between offshore and onshore exchange rates, with spreads of up to 10% between the two markets. Controls were broadly lifted on March 3, 2008 and there is now no significant difference between offshore and onshore exchange rates.^[47]

Year	Average exchange rate
2003	41.34
2004	40.24
2005	40.26
2006	37.92
2007	32.34
2008	32.99
2009	34.34
2010	31.73
2011	30.48
2012	31.07
2013	30.71
2014	32.48
2015	34.25

(Source: usd.fx-exchange.com)
Template:Exchange Rate

See also[]

• Economy of Thailand
• Stock Exchange of Thailand

References[]

Sources

Template:Refbegin

• Cecil Carter eds. Template:Clarify, The Kingdom of Siam 1904, reprint by the Siam Society 1988, Template:ISBN, chapter X Currency and Banking
• Template:Numis cite SCWC
• Template:Numis cite SCWPM

Template:Refend

External links[]

• Template:Th icon Compare exchange rates of the Thai Baht from many bank in Thailand.

Template:Thailand currency and coinage
Template:Thailand topics
Template:Currency signs
Template:Currencies of Asia

The baht (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Lang-th, Template:IPA-th; sign: ฿; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand. It is subdivided into 100 satang ((th), Template:IPA-th). The issuance of currency is the responsibility of the Bank of Thailand.

According to SWIFT, as of February 2017, the Thai baht is ranked as the 10th most frequently used world payment currency.^[1]

According to a report in the South China Morning Post, the China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation produces at least some Thai banknotes and coins.^[2]

History[]

Main article: History of Thai money

The Thai baht,^[3] like the pound, originated from a traditional unit of mass. Its currency value was originally expressed as that of silver of corresponding weight (now defined as 15 grams), and was in use probably as early as the Sukhothai period in the form of bullet coins known in Thai as phot duang (Template:Lang-th). These were pieces of solid silver cast to various weights corresponding to a traditional system of units related by simple fractions and multiples, one of which is the baht. These are listed in the following table:^[4][5]

Unit (RTGS)	Thai spelling	Relative value	Value relative to baht	Notes
Bia	เบี้ย	Template:Fraction อัฐ	Template:Fraction	Bia is Thai for cowry, the shell of which was used as a trade medium of the same value.
Solot	โสฬส	Template:Fraction fueang	Template:Fraction	Solot here literally means «sixteen» or sixteenth, referring to the fractional amount relative to a fueang.
At	อัฐ	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง, Template:Fraction ไพ	Template:Fraction	Likewise, at literally means eight.
Siao/Phai	เสี้ยว/ไพ	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง, Template:Fraction ซีก	Template:Fraction	Siao means quarter.
Sik	ซีก	Template:Fraction เฟื้อง	Template:Fraction	Sik means half.
Fueang	เฟื้อง	Template:Fraction บาท, Template:Fraction สลึง	Template:Fraction
Salueng	สลึง	Template:Fraction บาท (0.25 baht, 25 สตางค์), Template:Fraction มายน	Template:Fraction
Song salueng/Mayon	สองสลึง/มายน	Template:Fraction บาท (0.50 baht, 50 สตางค์)	Template:Fraction
Baht	บาท	Template:Fraction ตำลึง	1
Tamlueng	ตำลึง	4 บาท, Template:Fraction ชั่ง	4	Thai version of the tael.
Chang	ชั่ง	20 ตำลึง, Template:Fraction หาบ	80	Thai version of the catty.

That system was in use up until 1897, when the decimal system devised by Jayanta Mongkol, in which one baht = 100 satang, was introduced by king Chulalongkorn. However, coins denominated in the old units were issued until 1910, and the amount of 25 satang is still commonly referred to as a salueng, as is the 25-satang coin.

Until 27 November 1902, the baht was fixed on a purely silver basis, with 15 grams of silver to the baht. This caused the value of the currency to vary relative to currencies on a gold standard. In 1857, the values of certain foreign silver coins were fixed in law, with the one baht = 0.6 Straits dollar and five baht = seven Indian rupees. Before 1880 the exchange rate was fixed at eight baht per pound sterling, falling to 10 to the pound during the 1880s.

In 1902, the government began to increase the value of the baht by following all increases in the value of silver against gold but not reducing it when the silver price fell. Beginning at 21.75 baht = one pound sterling, the currency rose in value until, in 1908, a fixed peg to the British pound sterling was established of 13 baht = one pound. This was revised to 12 baht in 1919 and then, after a period of instability, to 11 baht in 1923. During World War II, the baht was fixed at a value of one Japanese yen.

From 1956 until 1973, the baht was pegged to the U.S. dollar at an exchange rate of 20.8 baht = one dollar and at 20 baht = 1 dollar until 1978.^[6][7][8] A strengthening US economy caused Thailand to re-peg its currency at 25 to the dollar from 1984 until 2 July 1997, when the country was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The baht was floated and halved in value, reaching its lowest rate of 56 to the dollar in January 1998. It has since risen to about 30 per dollar.

The baht was originally known to foreigners by the term tical,^[9] which was used in English language text on banknotes until 1925.^[10]

Coins[]

Rama III (1824-1851) was the first king to consider the use of a flat coin. He did so not for the convenience of traders, but because he was disturbed that the creatures living in the cowrie shells were killed. When he learned of the use of flat copper coins in Singapore in 1835, he contacted a Scottish trader, who had two types of experimental coins struck in England. The king rejected both designs. The name of the country put on these first coins was Muang Thai, not Siam.^[11][12]
Cowrie shells from the Mekong River had been used as currency for small amounts since the Sukhothai period. Before 1860, Thailand did not produce coins using modern methods. Instead, a so-called «bullet» coinage was used, consisting of bars of metal, thicker in the middle, bent round to form a complete circle on which identifying marks were stamped.^[13]
[14] Denominations issued included ⅟₁₂₈, ⅟₆₄, ⅟₃₂, ⅟₁₆, ⅛, ½, 1, 1 ½, 2, 2 ½, 4, 4 ½, 8, 10, 20, 40, and 80 baht in silver and ⅟₃₂, ⅟₁₆, ⅛, ½, 1, 1 ½, 2, and 4 baht in gold. 1 gold baht was generally worth 16 silver baht. Between 1858 and 1860, foreign trade coins were also stamped by the government for use in Thailand.

In 1860, modern style coins were introduced. These were silver 1 sik, 1 fuang, 1 and 2 salung, 1, 2, and 4 baht, with the baht weighing 15.244 grams and the others weight related. Tin 1 solot and 1 att followed in 1862, with gold 2 ½, 4, and 8 baht introduced in 1863 and copper 2 and 4 att in 1865. Copper replaced tin in the 1 solot and 1 att in 1874, with copper 4 att introduced in 1876. The last gold coins were struck in 1895.

In 1897, the first coins denominated in satang were introduced, cupronickel 2 ½, 5, 10, and 20 satang. However, 1 solot, 1 and 2 att coins were struck until 1905 and 1 fuang coins were struck until 1910. In 1908, holed 1, 5, and 10 satang coins were introduced, with the 1 satang in bronze and the 5 and 10 satang in nickel. The 1 and 2 salung were replaced by 25 and 50 satang coins in 1915. In 1937, holed, bronze ½ satang were issued.

In 1941, a series of silver coins was introduced in denominations of 5, 10, and 20 satang, due to a shortage of nickel caused by World War II. The next year, tin coins were introduced for 1, 5, and 10 satang, followed by 20 satang in 1945 and 25 and 50 satang in 1946. In 1950, aluminium-bronze 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang were introduced whilst, in 1957, bronze 5 and 10 satang were issued, along with 1 baht coins struck in an unusual alloy of copper, nickel, silver, and zinc. Several Thai coins were issued for many years without changing the date. These include the tin 1942 1 satang and the 1950 5 and 10 satang, struck until 1973, the tin 1946 25 satang struck until 1964, the tin 50 satang struck until 1957, and the aluminium bronze 1957 5, 10, 25, and 50 satang struck until the 1970s. Cupronickel 1 baht coins were introduced in 1962 and struck without date change until 1982.

In 1972, cupronickel 5 baht coins were introduced, switching to cupronickel-clad copper in 1977. Between 1986 and 1988, a new coinage was introduced, consisting of aluminium 1, 5, and 10 satang, aluminium-bronze 25 and 50 satang, cupronickel 1 baht, cupronickel-clad-copper 5 baht and bimetallic 10 baht. Cupronickel-clad-steel 2 baht were introduced in 2005.

In 2008, the Ministry of Finance and the Royal Thai Mint announced the 2009 coin series, which included changes in materials to reduce production costs as well as an update of the image on the obverse to a more recent portrait of the king. The two-baht coin, confusingly similar in color and size to the one-baht coin, was changed from nickel-clad low-carbon steel to aluminium bronze. New two-baht coin was the first of the new series released on February 3, 2009, followed by a satang coin in April, a five-baht coin in May, a ten-baht coin in June, and a one-baht coin in July 2009.

In 2018, the Royal Thai Mint and the Ministry of Finance issued a new series of general circulation coins, featuring the same standard specifications, but feature a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama IX) [2] [3] Template:Th icon
Value	Technical parameters	Description	Date of first minting
Diameter	Mass	Composition	Obverse	Reverse
1 satang 1	15 mm	0.5 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra That Hariphunchai, Lamphun	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
5 satang 1	16 mm	0.6 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra Pathom Chedi, Nakhon Pathom	1987
16.5 mm	99% Aluminium	2008
10 satang 1	17.5 mm	0.8 g	97.5% Al, 2.5% Mg	Wat Phra That Choeng Chum, Sakon Nakhon	1987
99% Aluminium	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|25 satang	16 mm	1.9 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	1987
16 mm	1.9 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|50 satang	18 mm	2.4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	1987
18 mm	2.4 g	Copper-plated steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai	2008
1 baht	20 mm	3.4 g	Cupronickel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok	1986
3 g	Nickel-plated steel	2008
2 baht	21.75 mm	4.4 g	Nickel-plated low-carbon steel	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2005
21.75 mm	4 g	Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Saket, Bangkok	2008
5 baht	24 mm	7.5 g	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok	1988
6 g	2008
rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|10 baht	rowspan=2 Template:Coin-silver-color|26 mm	8.5 g	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	Wat Arun, Bangkok	Template:Coin-silver-color|1988
Template:Coin-silver-color|2008

Coins of the Thai baht (Rama X)
Image	Value	Composition	Description	Date of minting
Obverse	Reverse	Obverse	Reverse
		1 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 satang	Aluminum	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		25 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		50 satang	Copper-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		1 baht	Nickel-plated steel	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		2 baht	Aluminum bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		5 baht	Copper nickel-clad copper	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018
		10 baht	Outer Ring: Copper nickel Center Plug: Aluminium bronze	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Monogram of Maha Vajiralongkorn	2018

[]

1. The 1, 5, and 10 satang are very rarely seen in circulation.^[15] Even though the satang-denominated coins are legal tender, small shops usually don’t accept them anymore.
2. Older coins, some of which are still in circulation, had only Thai numerals, but newer designs also have Arabic numerals.
3. The standard-issue 10-baht coin has, at the 12 o’clock position on the reverse, raised dots corresponding to Braille cell dot 1 and dots 2-4-5, which correspond to the number 10.
4. 10-baht coins are very similar to 2–euro coins in size, shape and weight, and are likewise bi-metallic, although they are worth only 25 eurocents. Vending machines not equipped with up-to-date coin detectors might therefore accept them as €2 coins.^[16]
5. Many commemorative 1, 2, 5, and 10 baht coins have been made for special events. There also are 20, 50, 100 baht base metal commemorative coins and higher denomination precious metal coins as well.Template:Which

In February 2010 the Treasury Department of Thailand stated that it has been planning a new circulation 20 baht coin.^[17]

Banknotes[]

In 1851, the government issued notes for ⅛, ¼, ⅜, ½, and 1 tical, followed by 3, 4, 6, and 10 tamlueng in 1853. After 1857, notes for 20 and 40 ticals were issued, also bearing their values in Straits dollars and Indian rupees. Undated notes were also issued before 1868 for 5, 7, 8, 12, and 15 tamlueng, and 1 chang. One att notes were issued in 1874.

In 1892, the treasury issued notes for 1, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, 400, and 800 ticals, called «baht» in the Thai text.

The year 1902 marked the introduction of reforms by prince Jayanta Mongkol after his observations of banking practices in Europe, which became an important landmark in the inauguration of paper money in Thailand.^[18] On September 19, 1902, the government introduced notes which were printed by Thomas De La Rue & Company Limited, England, during the reigns of Kings Rama V and Rama VI, denominated 5, 10, 20, 100, and 1000 ticals, still called baht in the Thai text — each denomination having many types,^[19] with 1 and 50 tical notes following in 1918. In 1925, notes were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100, and 1,000 baht with the denomination in both Arabic and Thai numerals without English text;^[20] English speakers continued to refer to these as «ticals».^[21]

In 1942, the Bank of Thailand was founded and took over responsibility for the issuance of paper money. 50 baht notes were briefly reintroduced in 1945, with 50 satang notes issued in 1946. The one baht note was replaced by a coin in 1957 and the five baht was replaced in 1972. 50 baht notes were again reintroduced in 1985, with the 10 baht note replaced by a coin in 1988. The EURion constellation has been used on the reverse of 100 and 1000 baht notes since 2003. Older notes are occasionally still found in circulation, for example, 10 baht notes, and these can usually be spent without problem. In any case, they can be exchanged for free in banks.

On 27 July 2010, the Bank of Thailand announced that the 16th series banknotes would enter circulation in December 2010.^[22][23] On 9 August 2012, the Bank of Thailand issued a new denomination banknote, 80 baht, to commemorate queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday.^[24] It was the first Thai banknote that featured Crane’s Motion security thread.

In 2017, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes in remembrance of its late king Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). The notes are the same size and dimensions as the «Series 16» banknotes, with the front designs as before, but the back designs featuring images of the king’s life in infancy, adolescence and maturity. The new family of banknotes were issued on September 20.^[25]

In 2018, the Bank of Thailand announced a new family of banknotes featuring a portrait of its current king, Maha Vajiralongkorn.
The main colors and dimensions of the notes are the same as before, with the back designs featuring images of the Kings of Thailand from past to present. The 20, 50 and 100 baht banknotes were issued on Chakri Memorial Day, April 6, 2018. The final two denominations, 500 and 1,000 baht were issued on the anniversary of the birth of King Maha Vajiralongkorn, July 28, 2018.^[26]

Images of banknotes have been removed lest they infringe copyright,^[27] but may be viewed at the Thai-language article linked in the margin.

15th series banknotes [4]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the uniform of the supreme commander of the armed forces	King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	3 March 2003
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Mongkut (Rama IV)	19 March 2004
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and King Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	21 October 2005
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	King Nangklao (Rama III)	1 August 2001
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Bhumibol Adulyadej; Pa Sak Jolasid Dam	25 November 2005

16th series banknotes**[28]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht[29]	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Bhumibol Adulyadej in the Royal House of Chakri gown	King Ram Khamhaeng the Great on the Manangkhasila Asana Throne monument; invention of the Thai script; Ramkhamhaeng stele	1 April 2013[30]
50 baht[31]	144 × 72 mm	Blue	King Naresuan the Great pouring water for declaration of independence monument; Statue of king Naresuan the Great on war elephant; Phra Chedi Chai Mongkol temple	18 January 2012[32]
100 baht[33]	150 × 72 mm	Red	King Taksin the Great monument in Wongwian Yai circle; Phra Ratchawang Doem (King Taksin’s palace); Wichai Prasit Fortress Thonburi	26 February 2015[34]
500 baht[35]	156 × 72 mm	Violet	King Buddha Yodfa Chulalok the Great (King Rama I) monument; Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn (Wat Pho); Phra Sumen Fort (Bangkok city wall)	12 May 2014[36]
1,000 baht[37]	162 × 72 mm	Brown	King Chunla Chom Klao the Great (King Rama V) monument ; Ananta Samakhom throne hall, Dusit palace ground king’s monument, end of slavery in Siam	21 August 2015[38]

17th series banknotes [39]
Value	Dimensions	Main colour	Description	Date of issue
Obverse	Reverse
20 baht	138 × 72 mm	Green	King Maha Vajiralongkorn in the uniform of the commander of the Royal Thai Air Force	Kings Phra Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) and Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II)	6 April 2018
50 baht	144 × 72 mm	Blue	Kings Nangklao (Rama III) and Mongkut (Rama IV)	6 April 2018
100 baht	150 × 72 mm	Red	Kings Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Vajiravudh (Rama VI)	6 April 2018
500 baht	156 × 72 mm	Purple	Kings Prajadhipok (Rama VII) and Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)	28 July 2018
1,000 baht	162 × 72 mm	Brown	Kings Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and Maha Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)	28 July 2018

Commemorative notes[]

In addition to the banknotes currently in circulation (herinbefore), numerous commemorative notes have been issued:

• 5 baht (1969): Date of the inauguration of the note printing works, Bank of Thailand (commemorative text added to regular 5 baht notes)
• 10 baht (1969): Date of the inauguration of the note printing works, Bank of Thailand (commemorative text added to regular 10 baht notes)
• 60 baht (1987): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 60th birthday
• 50 baht (1990): Princess mother Srinagarindra‘s 90th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 50 baht notes)
• 500 baht (1990): Princess mother Srinagarindra’s 90th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 500 baht notes)
• 1000 baht (1992): Queen Sirikit‘s 60th birthday (commemorative text added to regular 1000 baht notes)
• 10 baht (1996): 120th anniversary of the ministry of finance (commemorative text added to regular 10 baht notes)
• 50 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (polymer note)
• 500 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (polymer note)
• 500 baht (1996): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th anniversary of accession to the throne (a different emblem)
• 1000 baht (1999): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 72nd birthday (a different emblem)
• 50 baht (2000): 50th anniversary of royal wedding of king Bhumibol Adulyadej and queen Sirikit
• 500,000 baht (2000): 50th anniversary of royal wedding of king Bhumibol Adulyadej and queen Sirikit
• 100 baht (2002): The centenary of the issuance of Thai banknotes
• 100 baht (2004): Queen Sirikit’s 72nd birthday
• 60 baht (2006): 60th anniversary celebrations of Bhumibol Adulyadej’s accession to the throne
• 16 baht (2007): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 80th birthday (1, 5, 10 baht)
• 100 baht (2010): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 60th anniversary of coronation day and the 60th anniversary of the wedding of the king and queen Sirikit
• 100 baht (2011): King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 84th birthday
• 80 baht (2012): Queen Sirikit’s 80th birthday^[24]
• 100 baht (2012): Crown prince Maha Vajiralongkorn’s 5th Cycle (60th) birthday anniversary^[24]
• 100 baht (2015): Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn’s 5th Cycle (60th) birthday anniversary^[40]
• 70 baht (2016): 70th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s accession to the throne^[41][42][43]
• 500 baht (2016): Queen Sirikit’s 7th cycle (84th) birthday^[44][45]
• 20 to 1,000 baht (2017): In remembrance of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

Money and unit of mass[]

Ngoen (เงิน) is Thai for silver as well as the general term for money, reflecting the fact that the baht (or tical) is foremost a unit of weight for precious metals and gemstones. One baht = 15.244 grams.^[46] Since the standard purity of Thai gold is 96.5%, the actual gold content of one baht by weight is 15.244 × 0.965 = 14.71046 grams; equivalent to about 0.473 troy ounces. 15.244 grams is used for bullion; in the case of jewellery, 1 baht should be more than 15.16 grams.

Exchange rates[]

File:USD rate to THB.svg

File:Euro exchange rate to THB.svg

The Bank of Thailand adopted a series of exchange controls on December 19, 2006, which resulted in a significant divergence between offshore and onshore exchange rates, with spreads of up to 10% between the two markets. Controls were broadly lifted on March 3, 2008 and there is now no significant difference between offshore and onshore exchange rates.^[47]

Year	Average exchange rate
2003	41.34
2004	40.24
2005	40.26
2006	37.92
2007	32.34
2008	32.99
2009	34.34
2010	31.73
2011	30.48
2012	31.07
2013	30.71
2014	32.48
2015	34.25

(Source: usd.fx-exchange.com)
Template:Exchange Rate

See also[]

• Economy of Thailand
• Stock Exchange of Thailand

References[]

Sources

Template:Refbegin

• Cecil Carter eds. Template:Clarify, The Kingdom of Siam 1904, reprint by the Siam Society 1988, Template:ISBN, chapter X Currency and Banking
• Template:Numis cite SCWC
• Template:Numis cite SCWPM

Template:Refend

External links[]

• Template:Th icon Compare exchange rates of the Thai Baht from many bank in Thailand.

Template:Thailand currency and coinage
Template:Thailand topics
Template:Currency signs
Template:Currencies of Asia