Как правильно написать пальма де майорка

Не все знают, как писать название одного из Балеарских островов – «Мальорка» или «Майорка»? Нормативное написание с «ль» или «й»? Воспользуемся специальными справочниками, чтобы ответить на этот вопрос.

Как пишется правильно: «Мальорка» или «Майорка»?

Верным считается следующее написание – «Мальорка» и «Майорка».

Какое правило применяется?

Рассматриваемое слово – это топоним, т.е. имя собственное, обозначающее название какого-либо географического объекта. В данном случае мы говорим об острове, который расположен в Средиземном море (принадлежит Испании). В испанском языке название острова пишется так – «Mallorca». Если писать имя собственное с согласной «л» в середине, то такой вариант будет соотноситься с оригинальным написанием. В свою очередь, написание слова с «й» будет отвечать испанскому произношению («ll» читается как «й»). Исходя их этого, «Мальорка» и «Майорка» – это нормативные варианты.

Как видим, выбрать правильное написание топонимов непросто, поэтому лучше обращаться за помощью к словарям.

Примеры предложений

• Мы целый месяц отдыхали на острове Майорка.
• Остров Мальорка из окна самолёта казался крошечным.

Как неправильно писать

Некорректно: «Мольорка», «Мойорка», «Малльорка».

Содержание

1. Как правильно пишется
2. Какое правило применяется
3. Примеры предложений
4. Как неправильно писать

Сомневаетесь, как писать «Мальорка» или «Майорка»? Нам необходимо воспользоваться специальными словарями, чтобы сделать правильный выбор и запомнить норму правописания. Давайте вместе к ним обратимся.

Как правильно пишется

Орфографические словари фиксируют оба варианта существительного – Мальорка и Майорка.

Какое правило применяется

Данное слово является топонимом, т.е. обозначает название географического объекта (острова). Топонимы плохо подчиняются правил русского языка, их написание нужно проверять по словарям имен собственных. Если мы его откроем, то убедимся, что оба варианта верны. В испанском языке это слово имеет следующий вид – Mallorca. Вариант с согласной «л» соответствует оригинальному написанию, а варрант с буквой «й» соответствуют испанскому произношению, ведь сочетание «ll» в этом языке произносится как «й». Таким образом, вы можете употреблять оба слова.

Примеры предложений

• Остров Мальорка расположен в Средиземном море.
• Майорка – место, о котором у меня останутся наилучшие воспоминания.

Проверь себя: «Сжог» или «сжёг» как пишется?

Как неправильно писать

Неверного варианта тут не представлено.

( 1 оценка, среднее 5 из 5 )

«Мальорка» или «Майорка» как пишется?

Сомневаетесь, как писать «Мальорка» или «Майорка»? Нам необходимо воспользоваться специальными словарями, чтобы сделать правильный выбор и запомнить норму правописания. Давайте вместе к ним обратимся.

Как правильно пишется

Орфографические словари фиксируют оба варианта существительного – Мальорка и Майорка.

Какое правило применяется

Данное слово является топонимом, т.е. обозначает название географического объекта (острова). Топонимы плохо подчиняются правил русского языка, их написание нужно проверять по словарям имен собственных. Если мы его откроем, то убедимся, что оба варианта верны. В испанском языке это слово имеет следующий вид – Mallorca. Вариант с согласной «л» соответствует оригинальному написанию, а варрант с буквой «й» соответствуют испанскому произношению, ведь сочетание «ll» в этом языке произносится как «й». Таким образом, вы можете употреблять оба слова.

Всё о Майорке

Путеводитель по Майорке на русском

….Если страдаешь неврастенией или думаешь,что ей страдаешь; если чувствуешь головокружение от шума города ; если с тоской думаешь о том, что снова надо куда-то торопиться и прибыть первым туда, где нечего делать, следуй за мной на остров, где всегда спокойно, где люди никуда не спешат, где женщины никогда не стареют, где не тратят лишних слов, где солнце долго не заходит и даже луна двигается лениво. Этот остров — Майорка. Сантьяго Русиньол

Все что нужно знать тем кто впервые едет на остров

5 часов на самолёте от Москвы, 4 из Киева или 13 из Новосибирска и Вы — в Раю.
Белоснежные пляжи, фантастические лазурные заливы, кристальные водохранилища с чистейшей водой (на острове нет ни одной реки!), горы, склоны которых покрыты сосновыми лесами. Дубовые рощи, плантации столетних олив, бесконечные виноградники — Вся Майорка может уложиться в одно точное определение — ОСТРОВ МЕЧТЫ.

Один из самых популярных курортов Средиземноморья расположен практически посреди западного бассейна Средиземного моря —15 минут чистого полетного времени или 180 км до Иберийского побережья и 272 до побережья Алжира.
Будучи частью Балеарского архипелага, остров, в итоге многочисленных исторических перипетий, стала частью Королевства Испании.
Но не официально считается «немецкой вотчиной», потому как среди миллионов туристов более 40% отдыхающих и свыше 30% резидентов — немцы. Которые, кстати, знают толк в «качестве жизни» и умеют делать хороший выбор. Кстати, многие немцы уверены, что фактически Мальорка это «17й Бундесланд» (федеральная земля) Германии.

Остров Майорка, Испания – полезная информация для туристов

● Мальорка или Майорка — самый большой остров Испании, его площадь — 3640,16 км²
● Протяженность берега, пожалуй, тоже одна из самых внушительных — 554,3 км.
● Самая высокая гора Пуч-Майор (Puig Mayor) 1442 метра, закрытая военная зона, изначально была выше. Но когда американцы строили станцию слежения НАТО верхушку пика пришлось спилить на 3 метра, чтобы освободить место для площадки радара.
● На острове проживают 923.608 жителей. Это наиболее густонаселенный из Балеарских остров и второй по численности обитателей остров в Испании, после Тенерифе на архипелаге Канарских островов.
● Остров имеет свой гимн Балангера «La Balanguera» и флаг

● Пальма-де-Майорка – самый большой город не только на острове, но и на всем архипелаге. Помимо того, что Пальма является административным центром острова, она же – столица автономного сообщества островов Балеарского архипелага.
● В столице средиземноморской жемчужины Пальма-де-Майорка живет 409.661 человек (2019 год).
● Островной совет Мальорки управляет в административном плане шестью камарками (районами): Пальма, Пла де Мальорка, Сьерра де Трамонтана, Райгер, Миджёрн, Левант.
● Второй по величине город острова Манакор, столица камарки Левант, в нем проживает 42.631

«Мальорка» или «Майорка» – как правильно?

Не все знают, как писать название одного из Балеарских островов – «Мальорка» или «Майорка»? Нормативное написание с «ль» или «й»? Воспользуемся специальными справочниками, чтобы ответить на этот вопрос.

Как пишется правильно: «Мальорка» или «Майорка»?

Верным считается следующее написание – «Мальорка» и «Майорка».

Какое правило применяется?

Рассматриваемое слово – это топоним, т.е. имя собственное, обозначающее название какого-либо географического объекта. В данном случае мы говорим об острове, который расположен в Средиземном море (принадлежит Испании). В испанском языке название острова пишется так – «Mallorca». Если писать имя собственное с согласной «л» в середине, то такой вариант будет соотноситься с оригинальным написанием. В свою очередь, написание слова с «й» будет отвечать испанскому произношению («ll» читается как «й»). Исходя их этого, «Мальорка» и «Майорка» – это нормативные варианты.

Как видим, выбрать правильное написание топонимов непросто, поэтому лучше обращаться за помощью к словарям.

Всего найдено: 2

Как склоняется Пальма-де-Майорка?

Ответ справочной службы русского языка

Словари рекомендуют написание: Пальма-де-Мальорка. Основной вариант названия города в русском языке – Пальма, со склонением этого слова проблем нет: из Пальмы, в Пальме. Если всё же использовать полное название, склонять следует только вторую часть: из Пальма-де-Мальорки.

Как правильно написать название острова «Майорка» или «Мальорка» и почему?

Ответ справочной службы русского языка

В словарях зафиксированы оба варианта написания.

Русский[править]

Морфологические и синтаксические свойства[править]

Па̀льма-де-Мальо́рка

Существительное, неодушевлённое, женский род (тип склонения ?? по классификации А. А. Зализняка).

Имя собственное, топоним.

Корень: —.

Произношение[править]

• МФА: [ˌpalʲmə dɛ mɐˈlʲjɵrkə]

Семантические свойства[править]

Значение[править]

1. то же, что Пальма; город в Испании на острове Мальорка ◆ Отсутствует пример употребления (см. рекомендации).

Синонимы[править]

Антонимы[править]

Гиперонимы[править]

Гипонимы[править]

Родственные слова[править]

Ближайшее родство

Этимология[править]

От ??

Фразеологизмы и устойчивые сочетания[править]

Перевод[править]

Список переводов

Библиография[править]

• Агеенко Ф. Л. Пальма-де-Мальорка // Собственные имена в русском языке: Словарь ударений. — М. : Изд-во НЦ ЭНАС, 2001.

Для улучшения этой статьи желательно: Уточнить парадигму словоизменения, используя более конкретный шаблон словоизменения Добавить описание морфемного состава с помощью {{морфо-ru}} Добавить пример словоупотребления для значения с помощью {{пример}} Добавить синонимы в секцию «Семантические свойства» Добавить гиперонимы в секцию «Семантические свойства» Добавить сведения об этимологии в секцию «Этимология» Добавить хотя бы один перевод в секцию «Перевод»

Main	Births etc

Palma
—  City and Municipality  —
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Ciutat de Mallorca (commonly shortened to Ciutat)
Palma shown within Mallorca
Sovereign state	Spain
Autonomous community	Balearic Islands
Province	Balearic Islands
Island	Template:Country data Majorca
Comarca	Palma
Judicial district	Palma
Founded	124 BC
Administrative HQ	Palma
Government
• Type	Municipal corporation
• Body	Ajuntament de Palma
• Mayor	José Hila (PSOE)
Area
• City and Municipality	208.63 km2 (80.55 sq mi)
Elevation	13 m (43 ft)
Population (Template:Spain metadata Wikidata)Template:Spain metadata Wikidata
• City and Municipality	Template:Spain metadata Wikidata
• Urban	550,000[1]
Demonym	palmesà, -ana (ca) palmesano, -na (es)
Time zone	Central European Time (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
Postal code	070XX
Dialing code	971
Website	www.palma.cat

Palma, unofficially known as Palma de Mallorca^[2] ( /ˈpɑːlmə/ or /ˈpɑːmə/, Catalan: [ˈpalmə], Spanish: [ˈpalma]), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain.^[3] It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is administratively considered part of the municipality. As of 2018, Palma Airport serves over 29 million passengers per year.

History[]

See also: Timeline of Palma de Mallorca

Palma was founded as a Roman camp upon the remains of a Talaiotic settlement. The city was subjected to several Vandal raids during the fall of the Western Roman Empire, then reconquered by the Byzantine Empire, then colonised by the Moors (who called it Medina Mayurqa) and, in the 13th century, by James I of Aragon.

Roman period[]

After the conquest of Mallorca, the city was loosely incorporated into the province of Tarraconensis by 123 BC; the Romans founded two new cities: Palma on the south of the island, and Pollentia in the northeast – on the site of a Phoenician settlement. Whilst Pollentia acted as a port to Roman cities on the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Palma was the port used for destinations in Africa, such as Carthage, and Hispania, such as Saguntum, Gades and Carthago Nova. Though present-day Palma has no significant remains from this period, occasional archaeological finds are made in city centre excavations. For example, the remains of the Roman Wall can be seen at Can Bordils, the Municipal Archive, and below it, at the Maimó ben Faraig Center.^[4]

Byzantine period[]

Though the period between the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Muslim conquest is not well understood (due to lack of documents), there is clear evidence of a Byzantine presence in the city, as indicated by mosaics found in the oldest parts of the Cathedral, which was in early medieval times part of a paleo-Christian temple.

Muslim period[]

Between 902 and 1229, the city was under Islamic control. It remained the capital of the island and it was known as Medina Mayurqa, which in Arabic means «City of Majorca».

Under the Emirate of Córdoba[]

The arrival of the Moors in the Balearic Islands occurred at the beginning of the 8th century. During this period, the population developed an economy based on self-sufficiency and piracy, and even showed evidence of a relative hierarchy. The dominant groups took advantage of the Byzantine withdrawal due to Islamic expansion across the Mediterranean, to reinforce their domination upon the rest of the population, thus ensuring their power and the gradual abandonment of Imperial political structures.

In 707, a Muslim fleet, under the command of Abd Allgaht ibn Musa, son of the governor of Ifriqiya, Musa ibn Nusayr, stopped off at the island. It appears that Abd Allah convinced the powers of the city to accept a peace treaty. This treaty was granted in exchange for a tax, respect for social, economic and political structures to the communities that subscribed to it, as well as the continuity of their religious beliefs.

After 707, the city was inhabited by Christians who were nominally in allegiance to the sovereignty of the Umayyad Caliphate, yet who, de facto, enjoyed absolute autonomy. The city, being in Mallorca, constituted an enclave between western Christian and Islamic territories, and this attracted and encouraged increased levels of piracy in the surrounding waters. For wide sectors of the city’s population, the sacking of ships (whether Muslim or Christian) which passed through Balearic waters was a source of riches over the next fifteen decades. Eventually, continued piracy in the region lead to a retaliation by Al-Andalus which launched a naval fleet against the city and the whole of the Islands.
The Islands were defended by the emperor Charlemagne in 799 from a Muslim pirate incursion.

In 848 (maybe 849), four years after the first Viking incursions had sacked the whole island, an attack from Córdoba forced the authorities to ratify the treaty to which the city had submitted in 707. As the city still occupied an eccentric position regarding the commerce network established by the Moors in the western Mediterranean, the enclave was not immediately incorporated into Al-Andalus.

While the Emirate of Córdoba reinforced its influence upon the Mediterranean, Al-Andalus increased its interest in the city. The consequence of this was the substitution of the submission treaty for the effective incorporation of the islands to the Islamic state. A squad under the command of Isam al-Jawlani took advantage of instability caused by several Viking incursions and disembarked in Mallorca, and after destroying any resistance, incorporated Mallorca, with Palma as its capital, to the Córdoban state.

The incorporation of the city into the Emirate set the basis for a new society. Commerce and manufacturing developed in a manner that was previously unknown. This caused considerable demographic growth, thereby establishing Medina Mayurqa as one of the major ports for trading goods in and out of the Emirate of Córdoba.

Dénia—Balearic taifa (1015–1087)[]

The Umayyad regime, despite its administrative centralisation, mercenary army and struggle to gain wider social support, could neither harmonise the various ethnic groups inside al-Andalus nor dissolve the old tribes which still organised sporadic ethnic fighting. During the 11th century, the Caliphate’s control waned considerably. Provinces broke free from the central Cordoban administration, and became effectively sovereign states — taifas — under the same governors that had been named by the last Umayyad Caliphs. According to their origin, these «taifas» can be grouped under three broad categories: people of Arab, Berber or Slavic origin.Template:Needs citation

Palma was part of the taifa of Dénia. The founder of this state was a client of the Al-Mansur family, Muyahid ibn Yusuf ibn Ali, who could profit from the progressive crumbling of the Caliphate’s superstructure to gain control over the province of Dénia. Subsequently, Muyahid organised a campaign throughout the Balearic Islands to consolidate the district and incorporated it into their «taifa» in early 1015.

During the following years Palma became the main port from where attacks on Christian vessels and coasts could be launched. Palma was the base from where a campaign against Sardinia was launched between 1016 and 1017, which caused the Pisans and Genoese forces to intervene. Later, this intervention set the basis for Italian mercantile penetration of the city.

The Denian dominion lasted until 1087, a period during which the city, as well as the rest of the islands, was relatively peaceful. Their supremacy at sea was still not rivalled by the Italian merchant republics, thus there were few external threats.

Balearic Taifa (1087–1115) and Western Mediterranean[]

The Banu Hud conquest of Dénia and its incorporation to the Eastern district of the taifa of Zaragoza meant the destruction of the legacy of Muyahid. The islands were freed from mainland dominion and briefly enjoyed independence, during which Medina Mayurqa was the capital.

The economy during this period depended on both agriculture and piracy. In the latter 11th century, Christian commercial powers took the initiative at sea against the Muslims. After centuries of fighting defensively in the face of Islamic pressure, Italians, Catalans and Occitans took offensive action. Consequently, the benefits of piracy diminished causing severe economic stress on the city.

The clearest proof of the new ruling relation of forces, from 1090, is the Crusade organised by the most important mercantile cities of the Christian states against the Islands. This effort was destined to finally eradicate Muslim piracy mainly based in Palma and surrounding havens. In 1115, Palma was sacked and later abandoned by an expedition commanded by Ramon Berenguer III the Great, count of Barcelona and Provence, which was composed of Catalans, Pisans and other Italians, and soldiers from Provence, Corsica, and Sardinia, in a struggle to end Almoravid control.

After this, the Islands became part of the Almoravid dynasty. The inglobementTemplate:Typo help inline of all the taifa to a larger state helped to re-establish a balance along the frontier that separated western Christian states from the Muslim world.

Period of the Banu Ganiya (1157–1203)[]

The situation changed in the mid-12th century, when the Almoravids were displaced from al-Andalus and western Maghreb by the Almohad. Almoravid dominions, from 1157 on, were restricted to the Balearic Islands, with Palma again acting as the capital, governed by Muhammad ibn Ganiya. Massive arrival of al-Andalus refugees contributed to reinforce the positions of the last Almoravid legitimatists, the Banu Ganiya, who, conscious of their weakness in the Western Mediterranean context, started to get closer to the growing powers represented by Italian maritime republics. Genoa and Pisans obtained in this period their first commercial concessions in the city and the rest of the islands.

The Banu Ganiya, taking advantage of the great loss suffered by Abu Yuqub Yusuf in the Siege of Santarém, attacked Ifriqiya, where the Almohad dominion had not been consolidated yet, in the same year. However, this attack was repelled and the Almohad authorities encouraged anti-Almoravid revolts in the Islands. The city was captured by the Almohads in 1203.

Christian reconquest and late Middle Ages[]

On 31 December 1229, after three months of siege, the city was reconquered by James I of Aragon and was renamed Ciutat de Mallorca (Mallorca City). In addition to being kept as capital of the Kingdom of Majorca, it was given a municipality that comprised the whole island. The governing arm was the University of the City and Kingdom of Majorca.

After the death of James I of Aragon, Palma became joint capital of the Kingdom of Majorca, together with Perpignan. His son, James II of Majorca, championed the construction of statues and monuments in the city: Bellver Castle, the churches of St. Francesc and St. Domingo, reformed the Palace of Almudaina and began the construction of the Cathedral of Majorca.

In 1391, anti-Jewish riots broke out. The Jewish community of Inca was completely wiped out, as were those of Sóller, Sineu, and Alcudia. In spite of the governor’s prohibition on leaving the island, many Jews fled to North Africa. The remaining Jews were forced to convert under threat of death.^[5]

Abraham Cresques was a 14th-century Jewish cartographer of the Majorcan cartographic school from Palma; Cresques is credited with the authorship of the famous Catalan Atlas.

The river that cut through the city gave rise to two distinct areas within the city; the «Upper town» and «Lower town», depending upon which side of the river one was situated.

The city’s advantageous geographical location allowed it extensive commerce with Catalonia, Valencia, Provence, the Maghreb, the Italian republics and the dominions of the Great Turk, which heralded a golden age for the city.

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Rebellion of the Brotherhoods (a peasant uprising against Charles V’s administration) and the frequent attack of Turkish and Berber pirates caused a reduction of commercial activities and a huge inversion in defensive structures. As a consequence, the city entered a period of decadence that would last till the end of the 17th century.

17th to 19th centuries[]

The 17th century was characterised by the division of the city into two sides or gangs, named Canamunts and Canavalls (from Majorcan Catalan «the ones from the upper/lower side»), with severe social and economic repercussions. During this period, the port became a haven for pirates. During the last quarter of the century, the Inquisition continued its persecution of the city’s Jews, locally called xuetes.

The fall of Barcelona in 1714 meant the end of the War of the Spanish Succession and the defeat and destruction of the Crown of Aragon, and this was reflected on the Nueva Planta decrees, issued by Philip V of Spain in 1715. These occupation decrees changed the government of the island and separated it from the municipality’s government of Palma, which became the official city name. By the end of the 19th century, the name Palma de Mallorca was generalised in written Spanish, although it is still colloquially named Ciutat («city») in Catalan. In the 18th century Charles III of Spain removed interdiction of commerce with Spanish colonies in America and the port and commercial activity of the city grew once again.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Palma became a refuge for many who had exiled themselves from the Napoleonic occupation of Catalonia and Valencia; during this period freedom flourished, until the absolutist restoration. With the establishment of contemporary Spanish state administrative organization, Palma became the capital of the new Balearic Islands province in the 1833 territorial division of Spain. The French occupation of Algeria in the 19th century ended the fear of Maghrebi attacks in Majorca, which favoured the expansion of new maritime routes, and consequently, the economic growth of the city.

Modern period[]

Since the advent of mass tourism in the 1950s, the city has been transformed into a tourist destination and has attracted many workers from mainland Spain. This has contributed to a huge change in the city’s traditions, its language, and its economic power.

The boom in tourism has caused Palma to grow significantly. In 1960, Mallorca received 500,000 visitors, in 1997 it received more than 6,739,700. In 2001 more than 19,200,000 people passed through Son Sant Joan airport near Palma, with an additional 1.5 million coming by sea.

In the 21st century, urban redevelopment, by the so-called Pla Mirall (English «Mirror Plan»), had attracted groups of immigrant workers from outside the European Union, especially from Africa and South America.

More than half of the population works in tourism, approximately 80%, therefore being the main economic portal of Palma. Tourism has affected the rapid economic growth of Palma, making the island of Mallorca wealthier compared to other regions in Spain.

The second economic portal of Palma is agriculture. Main exports of Palma’s agriculture are, almonds, oranges, lemons and olives. The island is also gifted with a wide variety of natural resources, such as mines of copper, lead and marble.^[6]

The city also has several surrounding neighborhood communities including Establiments, Nord, Son Espanyol, Ces Cases Noves, and Sa Creu Vermella.^[7]

Geography[]

Palma is a major city and seaport located in the southwest of Mallorca, a western mediterranean island belonging to the Balearic Islands archipelago. The land area of the city is about 21.355 square kilometres (8.245 sq mi) with an altitude of 13 metres (43 feet) above sea level.

The city center of Palma is located north of the homonymous bay (Badia de Palma in the local Catalan language). The area that extends eastwards is mostly a flat fertile plain known as Es Pla. To the north and west, the city borders the Serra de Tramuntana, the island’s major mountain range and a Unesco World Heritage site.

Population[]

As of 2009 census, the population of the city of Palma proper was 401,270, and the population of the entire urban area was 550,000,^[1] making it the twelfth largest urban area of Spain. By the start of 2019 the population of the city had risen to 416,065.^[8] Almost half of the total population of Mallorca lives in Palma.

As of 2017 over 60,000 non-Spanish foreigners registered with the town hall lived in Palma; the registered foreign population from 2016 to 2017 declined by 832, the numerically highest decline in the Balearics.^[9]

Climate[]

Palma has a Mediterranean climate, the climate classification named after the sea surrounding the city. There is a significant maritime influence to the mild winters, but summers are warmed by the surrounding continental landmasses. These warm up the offshore sea surface temperatures compared to in an ocean and as a result the small confines of Mallorca are still able to build up and sustain heat in spite of being on an island. There is vast seasonal lag, especially in late summer courtesy of the sea water peaking in temperatures long after the summer solstice.

Climate data for Palma de Mallorca, Port (1981-2010) (Satellite view) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 22.4 (72.3) 24.4 (75.9) 26.6 (79.9) 28.0 (82.4) 32.0 (89.6) 36.5 (97.7) 38.0 (100.4) 37.6 (99.7) 35.5 (95.9) 31.2 (88.2) 27.6 (81.7) 23.0 (73.4) 38.0 (100.4) Average high °C (°F) 15.4 (59.7) 15.5 (59.9) 17.2 (63.0) 19.2 (66.6) 22.5 (72.5) 26.5 (79.7) 29.4 (84.9) 29.8 (85.6) 27.1 (80.8) 23.7 (74.7) 19.3 (66.7) 16.5 (61.7) 21.8 (71.2) Daily mean °C (°F) 11.9 (53.4) 11.9 (53.4) 13.4 (56.1) 15.5 (59.9) 18.8 (65.8) 22.7 (72.9) 25.7 (78.3) 26.2 (79.2) 23.5 (74.3) 20.2 (68.4) 15.8 (60.4) 13.1 (55.6) 18.2 (64.8) Average low °C (°F) 8.3 (46.9) 8.4 (47.1) 9.6 (49.3) 11.7 (53.1) 15.1 (59.2) 18.9 (66.0) 21.9 (71.4) 22.5 (72.5) 19.9 (67.8) 16.6 (61.9) 12.3 (54.1) 9.7 (49.5) 14.6 (58.3) Record low °C (°F) 0.0 (32.0) 0.6 (33.1) 1.6 (34.9) 4.4 (39.9) 8.0 (46.4) 11.0 (51.8) 16.4 (61.5) 15.8 (60.4) 10.0 (50.0) 8.4 (47.1) 3.8 (38.8) 2.5 (36.5) 0.0 (32.0) Precipitation mm (inches) 43 (1.69) 37 (1.46) 28 (1.1) 39 (1.54) 36 (1.42) 11 (0.43) 6 (0.24) 22 (0.87) 52 (2.05) 69 (2.72) 59 (2.32) 48 (1.89) 449 (17.68) Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 2 5 7 6 7 53 Mean monthly sunshine hours 167 170 205 237 284 315 346 316 227 205 161 151 2,779 Percent possible sunshine 54 55 55 61 66 70 75 73 63 60 54 54 62 Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[10]

Climate data for Palma Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average sea temperature °C (°F) 14.4 (57.9) 13.9 (57.0) 14.1 (57.4) 15.9 (60.7) 18.9 (66.1) 22.5 (72.5) 24.9 (76.7) 26.0 (78.8) 25.0 (77.1) 22.7 (72.9) 19.7 (67.4) 16.3 (61.4) 19.5 (67.2) Mean daily daylight hours 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 12.2 Average Ultraviolet index 2 3 5 6 8 9 9 8 6 4 2 2 5.3 Source: seatemperature.org [11] Source: Weather Atlas [12]

Main sights[]

Plaça d’Espanya[]

The Plaça d’Espanya is the transport hub of Palma. The Estació Intermodal caters for buses and trains (the latter controlled by TIB). The two old buildings are home to the tourist information centre and several cafés sit either side of the two large escalators which lead into the Estació, which sits underneath a large and popular park. On the lawns are several glass boxes, which let in light and ventilation to the station below ground. There are also train-themed playing structures, each one shaped like a train carriage and named after towns along the line of the Ferrocarril de Sóller, a railway dating back to 1911 which has its Palma Station right next to the park. Just down the street from here a new bus station is under construction. At the centre of the plaza is a statue of James I, Conquistador of Majorca.^[13]

Cathedral area[]

Palma is famous for La Seu, its vast cathedral built on a previous mosque which was built atop an original Christian church. Although construction of the present Cathedral began in 1229, it did not finish until 1601. Local architect Antoni Gaudí was drafted in to restore the building in 1901. The Parc de la Mar (Park of the Sea) lies just south, overlooked by the great building which sits above it on the city’s stone foundations. Between the two are the town walls.

The Rocks[]

The rocks located a short walk from the cathedral are a place of calm and tranquility.

Old city[]

The Old City (in the south-east area of Palma behind the cathedral) is a maze of streets clearly hinting at an Arab past. With the exception of a few streets and squares which allow traffic and are populated with tourists most of the time, the walkways of this city quarter are fairly narrow, quiet streets, surrounded by a diverse range of interesting buildings, the architecture of which is comparable to cities such as Florence. The majority are private houses, some of which are open to the public as discreet museums or galleries. The Old City is also home to the Ajuntament (or Town Hall), the Convent of the Cathedral and the Banys Àrabs.

Banys Àrabs[]

The Banys Àrabs, or Arab Baths, one of the few remnants of Palma’s Moorish past,^[14] are accessed via the quiet Ca’n Serra street near the Convent of the Cathedral, and include the lush gardens of Ca’n Fontirroig, home to Sardinian warblers, house sparrows, cacti, palm trees and a wide range of flowers and ferns. The small two-roomed brick building that once housed the baths is of Byzantine origin, dating back to the 11th century and possibly once part of the home of a Muslim nobleman. The bathroom has a cupola with five oculi which let in dazzling light. The twelve columns holding up the small room were pillaged from an earlier Roman construction. The floor over the hypocaust has been worn away by people standing in the centre, mainly to photograph the entrance and the garden beyond it. The whole room is in a rather dilapidated condition. The other room is a brick cube with a small model of the baths as they once were in the corner.

Notable people[]

Notable people who were born in the city include the following individuals.

• Álex Abrines, basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder
• Marco Asensio, footballer for Real Madrid
• Concha Buika, singer
• Rudy Fernández, basketball player for Real Madrid
• Ramon Llull, philosopher and writer
• Jorge Lorenzo, motorcyclist and five time MotoGP champion
• Joan Mir, motorcyclist and Moto 3 and MotoGP champion
• Guillermo Pont, footballer
• Luis Salom, motorcyclist
• Agustí Villaronga, filmmaker
• Rossy de Palma, actress

Sports[]

Football is the most popular sport on the island, led by the Palma-based Segunda División club Real Mallorca, who play at the Estadi de Son Moix, and Segunda División B club CD Atlético Baleares.

Basketball is also a popular sport. Palma’s top team is CB Bahía San Agustín, which plays its home games at the 5,076 capacity Palau Municipal d’Esports Son Moix.

Because of its maritime location all sea sports have also a big presence in Palma. Maybe the most important sporting event in the city is the Ciutat de Palma Prizes.

Road cycling is very popular in Mallorca. An international race for professional cyclists, the Vuelta a Mallorca, is held in February, the first day of which consists of a circuit race around the streets of Palma. The city is also home to the Palma Arena, a multi-platinum venue featuring a velodrome. The arena also hosted the Battle of Surfaces tennis event.

In June 2016, the city of Palma participated in the First World Company Sports Games which included five days of culture, sport and inclusivity within the community of Mallorca as a whole. It was operated through the World Federation Company Sport and was promoted for both local people and tourists to come together in the city. It became a large business venture by offering packages including accommodations close to the events and additional tourism information for future events.

Transport[]

• Palma de Mallorca Metro
• Majorca rail network
• Palma de Mallorca Airport
• The city bus system, which includes a loop line through the historic centre, is run by the EMT (See external link below).
• There is also a bus system run by the TIB. This includes routes to and from the municipalities Calvià and Palma.
• In the City of Palma there is a fleet of 1246 taxis. All equipped with air conditioning and most of them have a radiotelephone station, with four existing companies: Taxis Palma Radio, Radio-Taxi Ciutat, Taxi Teléfono and Taxis adapted for users with reduced mobility. Until the change of colour regulated through the Municipal Decree No. 19985 of 15 October 1999, the taxis of Palma for 50 years had been of the characteristic black and ivory colours. Currently they are white.

Twin towns – sister cities[]

Palma de Mallorca is twinned with Portofino, Italy, Alghero,Italy and Naples, Italy^[15]

See also[]

• Duchess of Palma de Mallorca
• Edwin Lewis Snyder, «Spain’s Magic Island», The Architect and Engineer, 110:10, 37–45, August 1932
• List of municipalities in Balearic Islands

Notes[]

Bibliography[]

See also: Bibliography of the history of Palma

External links[]

• Palma sightseeing guide
• Palma de Mallorca´s city council
• Official Website for Tourism in Mallorca

Main	Births etc

Palma
—  City and Municipality  —
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Ciutat de Mallorca (commonly shortened to Ciutat)
Palma shown within Mallorca
Sovereign state	Spain
Autonomous community	Balearic Islands
Province	Balearic Islands
Island	Template:Country data Majorca
Comarca	Palma
Judicial district	Palma
Founded	124 BC
Administrative HQ	Palma
Government
• Type	Municipal corporation
• Body	Ajuntament de Palma
• Mayor	José Hila (PSOE)
Area
• City and Municipality	208.63 km2 (80.55 sq mi)
Elevation	13 m (43 ft)
Population (Template:Spain metadata Wikidata)Template:Spain metadata Wikidata
• City and Municipality	Template:Spain metadata Wikidata
• Urban	550,000[1]
Demonym	palmesà, -ana (ca) palmesano, -na (es)
Time zone	Central European Time (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
Postal code	070XX
Dialing code	971
Website	www.palma.cat

Palma, unofficially known as Palma de Mallorca^[2] ( /ˈpɑːlmə/ or /ˈpɑːmə/, Catalan: [ˈpalmə], Spanish: [ˈpalma]), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain.^[3] It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is administratively considered part of the municipality. As of 2018, Palma Airport serves over 29 million passengers per year.

History[]

See also: Timeline of Palma de Mallorca

Palma was founded as a Roman camp upon the remains of a Talaiotic settlement. The city was subjected to several Vandal raids during the fall of the Western Roman Empire, then reconquered by the Byzantine Empire, then colonised by the Moors (who called it Medina Mayurqa) and, in the 13th century, by James I of Aragon.

Roman period[]

After the conquest of Mallorca, the city was loosely incorporated into the province of Tarraconensis by 123 BC; the Romans founded two new cities: Palma on the south of the island, and Pollentia in the northeast – on the site of a Phoenician settlement. Whilst Pollentia acted as a port to Roman cities on the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Palma was the port used for destinations in Africa, such as Carthage, and Hispania, such as Saguntum, Gades and Carthago Nova. Though present-day Palma has no significant remains from this period, occasional archaeological finds are made in city centre excavations. For example, the remains of the Roman Wall can be seen at Can Bordils, the Municipal Archive, and below it, at the Maimó ben Faraig Center.^[4]

Byzantine period[]

Though the period between the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Muslim conquest is not well understood (due to lack of documents), there is clear evidence of a Byzantine presence in the city, as indicated by mosaics found in the oldest parts of the Cathedral, which was in early medieval times part of a paleo-Christian temple.

Muslim period[]

Between 902 and 1229, the city was under Islamic control. It remained the capital of the island and it was known as Medina Mayurqa, which in Arabic means «City of Majorca».

Under the Emirate of Córdoba[]

The arrival of the Moors in the Balearic Islands occurred at the beginning of the 8th century. During this period, the population developed an economy based on self-sufficiency and piracy, and even showed evidence of a relative hierarchy. The dominant groups took advantage of the Byzantine withdrawal due to Islamic expansion across the Mediterranean, to reinforce their domination upon the rest of the population, thus ensuring their power and the gradual abandonment of Imperial political structures.

In 707, a Muslim fleet, under the command of Abd Allgaht ibn Musa, son of the governor of Ifriqiya, Musa ibn Nusayr, stopped off at the island. It appears that Abd Allah convinced the powers of the city to accept a peace treaty. This treaty was granted in exchange for a tax, respect for social, economic and political structures to the communities that subscribed to it, as well as the continuity of their religious beliefs.

After 707, the city was inhabited by Christians who were nominally in allegiance to the sovereignty of the Umayyad Caliphate, yet who, de facto, enjoyed absolute autonomy. The city, being in Mallorca, constituted an enclave between western Christian and Islamic territories, and this attracted and encouraged increased levels of piracy in the surrounding waters. For wide sectors of the city’s population, the sacking of ships (whether Muslim or Christian) which passed through Balearic waters was a source of riches over the next fifteen decades. Eventually, continued piracy in the region lead to a retaliation by Al-Andalus which launched a naval fleet against the city and the whole of the Islands.
The Islands were defended by the emperor Charlemagne in 799 from a Muslim pirate incursion.

In 848 (maybe 849), four years after the first Viking incursions had sacked the whole island, an attack from Córdoba forced the authorities to ratify the treaty to which the city had submitted in 707. As the city still occupied an eccentric position regarding the commerce network established by the Moors in the western Mediterranean, the enclave was not immediately incorporated into Al-Andalus.

While the Emirate of Córdoba reinforced its influence upon the Mediterranean, Al-Andalus increased its interest in the city. The consequence of this was the substitution of the submission treaty for the effective incorporation of the islands to the Islamic state. A squad under the command of Isam al-Jawlani took advantage of instability caused by several Viking incursions and disembarked in Mallorca, and after destroying any resistance, incorporated Mallorca, with Palma as its capital, to the Córdoban state.

The incorporation of the city into the Emirate set the basis for a new society. Commerce and manufacturing developed in a manner that was previously unknown. This caused considerable demographic growth, thereby establishing Medina Mayurqa as one of the major ports for trading goods in and out of the Emirate of Córdoba.

Dénia—Balearic taifa (1015–1087)[]

The Umayyad regime, despite its administrative centralisation, mercenary army and struggle to gain wider social support, could neither harmonise the various ethnic groups inside al-Andalus nor dissolve the old tribes which still organised sporadic ethnic fighting. During the 11th century, the Caliphate’s control waned considerably. Provinces broke free from the central Cordoban administration, and became effectively sovereign states — taifas — under the same governors that had been named by the last Umayyad Caliphs. According to their origin, these «taifas» can be grouped under three broad categories: people of Arab, Berber or Slavic origin.Template:Needs citation

Palma was part of the taifa of Dénia. The founder of this state was a client of the Al-Mansur family, Muyahid ibn Yusuf ibn Ali, who could profit from the progressive crumbling of the Caliphate’s superstructure to gain control over the province of Dénia. Subsequently, Muyahid organised a campaign throughout the Balearic Islands to consolidate the district and incorporated it into their «taifa» in early 1015.

During the following years Palma became the main port from where attacks on Christian vessels and coasts could be launched. Palma was the base from where a campaign against Sardinia was launched between 1016 and 1017, which caused the Pisans and Genoese forces to intervene. Later, this intervention set the basis for Italian mercantile penetration of the city.

The Denian dominion lasted until 1087, a period during which the city, as well as the rest of the islands, was relatively peaceful. Their supremacy at sea was still not rivalled by the Italian merchant republics, thus there were few external threats.

Balearic Taifa (1087–1115) and Western Mediterranean[]

The Banu Hud conquest of Dénia and its incorporation to the Eastern district of the taifa of Zaragoza meant the destruction of the legacy of Muyahid. The islands were freed from mainland dominion and briefly enjoyed independence, during which Medina Mayurqa was the capital.

The economy during this period depended on both agriculture and piracy. In the latter 11th century, Christian commercial powers took the initiative at sea against the Muslims. After centuries of fighting defensively in the face of Islamic pressure, Italians, Catalans and Occitans took offensive action. Consequently, the benefits of piracy diminished causing severe economic stress on the city.

The clearest proof of the new ruling relation of forces, from 1090, is the Crusade organised by the most important mercantile cities of the Christian states against the Islands. This effort was destined to finally eradicate Muslim piracy mainly based in Palma and surrounding havens. In 1115, Palma was sacked and later abandoned by an expedition commanded by Ramon Berenguer III the Great, count of Barcelona and Provence, which was composed of Catalans, Pisans and other Italians, and soldiers from Provence, Corsica, and Sardinia, in a struggle to end Almoravid control.

After this, the Islands became part of the Almoravid dynasty. The inglobementTemplate:Typo help inline of all the taifa to a larger state helped to re-establish a balance along the frontier that separated western Christian states from the Muslim world.

Period of the Banu Ganiya (1157–1203)[]

The situation changed in the mid-12th century, when the Almoravids were displaced from al-Andalus and western Maghreb by the Almohad. Almoravid dominions, from 1157 on, were restricted to the Balearic Islands, with Palma again acting as the capital, governed by Muhammad ibn Ganiya. Massive arrival of al-Andalus refugees contributed to reinforce the positions of the last Almoravid legitimatists, the Banu Ganiya, who, conscious of their weakness in the Western Mediterranean context, started to get closer to the growing powers represented by Italian maritime republics. Genoa and Pisans obtained in this period their first commercial concessions in the city and the rest of the islands.

The Banu Ganiya, taking advantage of the great loss suffered by Abu Yuqub Yusuf in the Siege of Santarém, attacked Ifriqiya, where the Almohad dominion had not been consolidated yet, in the same year. However, this attack was repelled and the Almohad authorities encouraged anti-Almoravid revolts in the Islands. The city was captured by the Almohads in 1203.

Christian reconquest and late Middle Ages[]

On 31 December 1229, after three months of siege, the city was reconquered by James I of Aragon and was renamed Ciutat de Mallorca (Mallorca City). In addition to being kept as capital of the Kingdom of Majorca, it was given a municipality that comprised the whole island. The governing arm was the University of the City and Kingdom of Majorca.

After the death of James I of Aragon, Palma became joint capital of the Kingdom of Majorca, together with Perpignan. His son, James II of Majorca, championed the construction of statues and monuments in the city: Bellver Castle, the churches of St. Francesc and St. Domingo, reformed the Palace of Almudaina and began the construction of the Cathedral of Majorca.

In 1391, anti-Jewish riots broke out. The Jewish community of Inca was completely wiped out, as were those of Sóller, Sineu, and Alcudia. In spite of the governor’s prohibition on leaving the island, many Jews fled to North Africa. The remaining Jews were forced to convert under threat of death.^[5]

Abraham Cresques was a 14th-century Jewish cartographer of the Majorcan cartographic school from Palma; Cresques is credited with the authorship of the famous Catalan Atlas.

The river that cut through the city gave rise to two distinct areas within the city; the «Upper town» and «Lower town», depending upon which side of the river one was situated.

The city’s advantageous geographical location allowed it extensive commerce with Catalonia, Valencia, Provence, the Maghreb, the Italian republics and the dominions of the Great Turk, which heralded a golden age for the city.

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Rebellion of the Brotherhoods (a peasant uprising against Charles V’s administration) and the frequent attack of Turkish and Berber pirates caused a reduction of commercial activities and a huge inversion in defensive structures. As a consequence, the city entered a period of decadence that would last till the end of the 17th century.

17th to 19th centuries[]

The 17th century was characterised by the division of the city into two sides or gangs, named Canamunts and Canavalls (from Majorcan Catalan «the ones from the upper/lower side»), with severe social and economic repercussions. During this period, the port became a haven for pirates. During the last quarter of the century, the Inquisition continued its persecution of the city’s Jews, locally called xuetes.

The fall of Barcelona in 1714 meant the end of the War of the Spanish Succession and the defeat and destruction of the Crown of Aragon, and this was reflected on the Nueva Planta decrees, issued by Philip V of Spain in 1715. These occupation decrees changed the government of the island and separated it from the municipality’s government of Palma, which became the official city name. By the end of the 19th century, the name Palma de Mallorca was generalised in written Spanish, although it is still colloquially named Ciutat («city») in Catalan. In the 18th century Charles III of Spain removed interdiction of commerce with Spanish colonies in America and the port and commercial activity of the city grew once again.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Palma became a refuge for many who had exiled themselves from the Napoleonic occupation of Catalonia and Valencia; during this period freedom flourished, until the absolutist restoration. With the establishment of contemporary Spanish state administrative organization, Palma became the capital of the new Balearic Islands province in the 1833 territorial division of Spain. The French occupation of Algeria in the 19th century ended the fear of Maghrebi attacks in Majorca, which favoured the expansion of new maritime routes, and consequently, the economic growth of the city.

Modern period[]

Since the advent of mass tourism in the 1950s, the city has been transformed into a tourist destination and has attracted many workers from mainland Spain. This has contributed to a huge change in the city’s traditions, its language, and its economic power.

The boom in tourism has caused Palma to grow significantly. In 1960, Mallorca received 500,000 visitors, in 1997 it received more than 6,739,700. In 2001 more than 19,200,000 people passed through Son Sant Joan airport near Palma, with an additional 1.5 million coming by sea.

In the 21st century, urban redevelopment, by the so-called Pla Mirall (English «Mirror Plan»), had attracted groups of immigrant workers from outside the European Union, especially from Africa and South America.

More than half of the population works in tourism, approximately 80%, therefore being the main economic portal of Palma. Tourism has affected the rapid economic growth of Palma, making the island of Mallorca wealthier compared to other regions in Spain.

The second economic portal of Palma is agriculture. Main exports of Palma’s agriculture are, almonds, oranges, lemons and olives. The island is also gifted with a wide variety of natural resources, such as mines of copper, lead and marble.^[6]

The city also has several surrounding neighborhood communities including Establiments, Nord, Son Espanyol, Ces Cases Noves, and Sa Creu Vermella.^[7]

Geography[]

Palma is a major city and seaport located in the southwest of Mallorca, a western mediterranean island belonging to the Balearic Islands archipelago. The land area of the city is about 21.355 square kilometres (8.245 sq mi) with an altitude of 13 metres (43 feet) above sea level.

The city center of Palma is located north of the homonymous bay (Badia de Palma in the local Catalan language). The area that extends eastwards is mostly a flat fertile plain known as Es Pla. To the north and west, the city borders the Serra de Tramuntana, the island’s major mountain range and a Unesco World Heritage site.

Population[]

As of 2009 census, the population of the city of Palma proper was 401,270, and the population of the entire urban area was 550,000,^[1] making it the twelfth largest urban area of Spain. By the start of 2019 the population of the city had risen to 416,065.^[8] Almost half of the total population of Mallorca lives in Palma.

As of 2017 over 60,000 non-Spanish foreigners registered with the town hall lived in Palma; the registered foreign population from 2016 to 2017 declined by 832, the numerically highest decline in the Balearics.^[9]

Climate[]

Palma has a Mediterranean climate, the climate classification named after the sea surrounding the city. There is a significant maritime influence to the mild winters, but summers are warmed by the surrounding continental landmasses. These warm up the offshore sea surface temperatures compared to in an ocean and as a result the small confines of Mallorca are still able to build up and sustain heat in spite of being on an island. There is vast seasonal lag, especially in late summer courtesy of the sea water peaking in temperatures long after the summer solstice.

Climate data for Palma de Mallorca, Port (1981-2010) (Satellite view) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 22.4 (72.3) 24.4 (75.9) 26.6 (79.9) 28.0 (82.4) 32.0 (89.6) 36.5 (97.7) 38.0 (100.4) 37.6 (99.7) 35.5 (95.9) 31.2 (88.2) 27.6 (81.7) 23.0 (73.4) 38.0 (100.4) Average high °C (°F) 15.4 (59.7) 15.5 (59.9) 17.2 (63.0) 19.2 (66.6) 22.5 (72.5) 26.5 (79.7) 29.4 (84.9) 29.8 (85.6) 27.1 (80.8) 23.7 (74.7) 19.3 (66.7) 16.5 (61.7) 21.8 (71.2) Daily mean °C (°F) 11.9 (53.4) 11.9 (53.4) 13.4 (56.1) 15.5 (59.9) 18.8 (65.8) 22.7 (72.9) 25.7 (78.3) 26.2 (79.2) 23.5 (74.3) 20.2 (68.4) 15.8 (60.4) 13.1 (55.6) 18.2 (64.8) Average low °C (°F) 8.3 (46.9) 8.4 (47.1) 9.6 (49.3) 11.7 (53.1) 15.1 (59.2) 18.9 (66.0) 21.9 (71.4) 22.5 (72.5) 19.9 (67.8) 16.6 (61.9) 12.3 (54.1) 9.7 (49.5) 14.6 (58.3) Record low °C (°F) 0.0 (32.0) 0.6 (33.1) 1.6 (34.9) 4.4 (39.9) 8.0 (46.4) 11.0 (51.8) 16.4 (61.5) 15.8 (60.4) 10.0 (50.0) 8.4 (47.1) 3.8 (38.8) 2.5 (36.5) 0.0 (32.0) Precipitation mm (inches) 43 (1.69) 37 (1.46) 28 (1.1) 39 (1.54) 36 (1.42) 11 (0.43) 6 (0.24) 22 (0.87) 52 (2.05) 69 (2.72) 59 (2.32) 48 (1.89) 449 (17.68) Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 2 5 7 6 7 53 Mean monthly sunshine hours 167 170 205 237 284 315 346 316 227 205 161 151 2,779 Percent possible sunshine 54 55 55 61 66 70 75 73 63 60 54 54 62 Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[10]

Climate data for Palma Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average sea temperature °C (°F) 14.4 (57.9) 13.9 (57.0) 14.1 (57.4) 15.9 (60.7) 18.9 (66.1) 22.5 (72.5) 24.9 (76.7) 26.0 (78.8) 25.0 (77.1) 22.7 (72.9) 19.7 (67.4) 16.3 (61.4) 19.5 (67.2) Mean daily daylight hours 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 12.2 Average Ultraviolet index 2 3 5 6 8 9 9 8 6 4 2 2 5.3 Source: seatemperature.org [11] Source: Weather Atlas [12]

Main sights[]

Plaça d’Espanya[]

The Plaça d’Espanya is the transport hub of Palma. The Estació Intermodal caters for buses and trains (the latter controlled by TIB). The two old buildings are home to the tourist information centre and several cafés sit either side of the two large escalators which lead into the Estació, which sits underneath a large and popular park. On the lawns are several glass boxes, which let in light and ventilation to the station below ground. There are also train-themed playing structures, each one shaped like a train carriage and named after towns along the line of the Ferrocarril de Sóller, a railway dating back to 1911 which has its Palma Station right next to the park. Just down the street from here a new bus station is under construction. At the centre of the plaza is a statue of James I, Conquistador of Majorca.^[13]

Cathedral area[]

Palma is famous for La Seu, its vast cathedral built on a previous mosque which was built atop an original Christian church. Although construction of the present Cathedral began in 1229, it did not finish until 1601. Local architect Antoni Gaudí was drafted in to restore the building in 1901. The Parc de la Mar (Park of the Sea) lies just south, overlooked by the great building which sits above it on the city’s stone foundations. Between the two are the town walls.

The Rocks[]

The rocks located a short walk from the cathedral are a place of calm and tranquility.

Old city[]

The Old City (in the south-east area of Palma behind the cathedral) is a maze of streets clearly hinting at an Arab past. With the exception of a few streets and squares which allow traffic and are populated with tourists most of the time, the walkways of this city quarter are fairly narrow, quiet streets, surrounded by a diverse range of interesting buildings, the architecture of which is comparable to cities such as Florence. The majority are private houses, some of which are open to the public as discreet museums or galleries. The Old City is also home to the Ajuntament (or Town Hall), the Convent of the Cathedral and the Banys Àrabs.

Banys Àrabs[]

The Banys Àrabs, or Arab Baths, one of the few remnants of Palma’s Moorish past,^[14] are accessed via the quiet Ca’n Serra street near the Convent of the Cathedral, and include the lush gardens of Ca’n Fontirroig, home to Sardinian warblers, house sparrows, cacti, palm trees and a wide range of flowers and ferns. The small two-roomed brick building that once housed the baths is of Byzantine origin, dating back to the 11th century and possibly once part of the home of a Muslim nobleman. The bathroom has a cupola with five oculi which let in dazzling light. The twelve columns holding up the small room were pillaged from an earlier Roman construction. The floor over the hypocaust has been worn away by people standing in the centre, mainly to photograph the entrance and the garden beyond it. The whole room is in a rather dilapidated condition. The other room is a brick cube with a small model of the baths as they once were in the corner.

Notable people[]

Notable people who were born in the city include the following individuals.

• Álex Abrines, basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder
• Marco Asensio, footballer for Real Madrid
• Concha Buika, singer
• Rudy Fernández, basketball player for Real Madrid
• Ramon Llull, philosopher and writer
• Jorge Lorenzo, motorcyclist and five time MotoGP champion
• Joan Mir, motorcyclist and Moto 3 and MotoGP champion
• Guillermo Pont, footballer
• Luis Salom, motorcyclist
• Agustí Villaronga, filmmaker
• Rossy de Palma, actress

Sports[]

Football is the most popular sport on the island, led by the Palma-based Segunda División club Real Mallorca, who play at the Estadi de Son Moix, and Segunda División B club CD Atlético Baleares.

Basketball is also a popular sport. Palma’s top team is CB Bahía San Agustín, which plays its home games at the 5,076 capacity Palau Municipal d’Esports Son Moix.

Because of its maritime location all sea sports have also a big presence in Palma. Maybe the most important sporting event in the city is the Ciutat de Palma Prizes.

Road cycling is very popular in Mallorca. An international race for professional cyclists, the Vuelta a Mallorca, is held in February, the first day of which consists of a circuit race around the streets of Palma. The city is also home to the Palma Arena, a multi-platinum venue featuring a velodrome. The arena also hosted the Battle of Surfaces tennis event.

In June 2016, the city of Palma participated in the First World Company Sports Games which included five days of culture, sport and inclusivity within the community of Mallorca as a whole. It was operated through the World Federation Company Sport and was promoted for both local people and tourists to come together in the city. It became a large business venture by offering packages including accommodations close to the events and additional tourism information for future events.

Transport[]

• Palma de Mallorca Metro
• Majorca rail network
• Palma de Mallorca Airport
• The city bus system, which includes a loop line through the historic centre, is run by the EMT (See external link below).
• There is also a bus system run by the TIB. This includes routes to and from the municipalities Calvià and Palma.
• In the City of Palma there is a fleet of 1246 taxis. All equipped with air conditioning and most of them have a radiotelephone station, with four existing companies: Taxis Palma Radio, Radio-Taxi Ciutat, Taxi Teléfono and Taxis adapted for users with reduced mobility. Until the change of colour regulated through the Municipal Decree No. 19985 of 15 October 1999, the taxis of Palma for 50 years had been of the characteristic black and ivory colours. Currently they are white.

Twin towns – sister cities[]

Palma de Mallorca is twinned with Portofino, Italy, Alghero,Italy and Naples, Italy^[15]

See also[]

• Duchess of Palma de Mallorca
• Edwin Lewis Snyder, «Spain’s Magic Island», The Architect and Engineer, 110:10, 37–45, August 1932
• List of municipalities in Balearic Islands

Notes[]

Bibliography[]

See also: Bibliography of the history of Palma

External links[]

• Palma sightseeing guide
• Palma de Mallorca´s city council
• Official Website for Tourism in Mallorca