Как правильно пишется хеллоу китти

Hello Kitty
Sanrio character
First appearance	March 1975 (created 1974)
Created by	Yuko Shimizu
Voiced by	Megumi Hayashibara (1990–present), others[a]
Full name	Kitty White[5]
In-universe information
Species	Anthropomorphic cat
Gender	Female
Family	Mimmy (twin sister) George (father) Mary (mother) Anthony (grandfather) Margaret (grandmother) Charmmy Kitty (pet cat) Dear Daniel (boyfriend)
Nationality	British

Hello Kitty (Japanese: ハロー・キティ, Hepburn: Harō Kiti),^[6] also known by her real name Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito),^[5] is a fictional character created by Yuko Shimizu, currently designed by Yuko Yamaguchi, and owned by the Japanese company Sanrio.^[7][8][9] Sanrio depicts Hello Kitty as an anthropomorphized white cat with a red bow and no visible mouth.^[10][11] According to her backstory, she lives in a London suburb with her family, and is close to her twin sister Mimmy, who is depicted with a yellow bow.^[5][12]

Hello Kitty was created in 1974 and the first item, a vinyl coin purse, was introduced in 1975.^[13][14] Originally Hello Kitty was only marketed towards pre-teenage girls, but beginning in the 1990s, the brand found commercial success among teenage and adult consumers as well.^[15] Hello Kitty’s popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii (cute) culture.^[16] The brand went into decline in Japan after the 1990s, but continued to grow in the international market.^[17] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a «global marketing phenomenon».^[17] By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $8 billion a year.^[18]

UNICEF has appointed Hello Kitty children’s ambassador and the Japanese government appointed her ambassador of tourism.^[15] There are Sanrio theme parks based on Hello Kitty: Harmonyland in Hiji, Ōita, Japan,^[19] Sanrio Puroland in Tama New Town, Tokyo, Japan, and Hello Kitty Shanghai Times in Shanghai, China.^[20] The Hello Kitty media franchise has grown to include a number of animated series targeted towards children, as well as several manga comics, anime films, video games, books, music albums and other media productions. A variety of products have featured the character over the years, like school supplies, clothing, accessories and toys, along with other items. As of 2008 there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products.^[15]

Creation and design[edit]

In 1962, Shintaro Tsuji, founder of Sanrio, began selling rubber sandals with flowers painted on them.^[21] Tsuji noted the profits gained by adding a cute design to the shoes and hired cartoonists to design cute characters for his merchandise.^[21] Hello Kitty was designed by Yuko Shimizu and was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974.^[8]

Hello Kitty was initially known only as «the white kitten with no name» (名前のない白い子猫).^[11] Shimizu got the name Kitty from Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass; during a scene early in the book, Alice plays with a cat she calls Kitty.^[22] Sanrio’s motto is «social communication,» and Tsuji wanted the brand name to reflect that by including a greeting. He first considered «Hi Kitty» before finally settling on «Hello Kitty,» her current name.^[23] Sanrio decided to make Hello Kitty British because foreign countries, in particular Britain, were trendy in Japan at the time of Hello Kitty’s creation. Sanrio already had several characters set in the US, and it wanted Hello Kitty to be different.^[9][15]

In 1976 Setsuko Yonekubo temporarily took over as lead designer for Hello Kitty, after Shimizu left Sanrio. In 1980 Yuko Yamaguchi became lead designer and has remained in charge since.^[24] Yamaguchi has said that fashion, movies, and TV inspire her in creating new designs. New series involving Hello Kitty with different themed designs are released regularly, following current trends.^[9][17]

Spokespeople for Sanrio have said that Hello Kitty has no mouth, as they want people to «project their feelings onto the character» and «be happy or sad together with Hello Kitty.»^[9][25] Another explanation Sanrio has given for Hello Kitty’s lack of a mouth is that she «speaks from the heart. She’s Sanrio’s ambassador to the world and isn’t bound to any particular language.»^[15] However, Yuko Yamaguchi has also said that «Kitty has a mouth» that is «hidden in the fur».^[26] Representatives for Sanrio have said that they see Hello Kitty as a symbol of friendship, which they hope she will foster between people across the world.^[9] There has been speculation that Hello Kitty has her origins in Maneki Neko, a traditional Japanese cat figurine. The name «Hello Kitty» is a back-translation of Maneki Neko, meaning «beckoning cat» in English. Despite this, no definitive statement supports that speculation.^[27]

History and reception[edit]

The character’s first appearance on an item was in March 1975 on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan, where she was pictured sitting between a bottle of milk and a goldfish bowl.^[13][14][28] She first appeared in the United States in 1976 when Sanrio opened a Gift Gate store in San Jose, California.^[29][30]

Hello Kitty sold well immediately after her 1975 launch, and Sanrio’s sales increased sevenfold.^[17] Due to Japan’s growing economy, many Japanese children could afford to buy Hello Kitty products.^[31] Her popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii culture, which embraces cuteness.^[16]

UNICEF named Hello Kitty as children’s ambassador to the United States in 1983, children’s ambassador in Japan in 1994, and gave her the title of UNICEF Special Friend of Children in 2004, a title unique to her.^[32][33][34]

Originally, Hello Kitty was only marketed towards a child and preteen audience. In the 1990s, the target market for Hello Kitty was broadened to include teenagers and adults as a retro brand.^[9][15] Marketing to those who could not get Hello Kitty merchandise as children, and those who fondly remember items they had, Sanrio began selling Hello Kitty branded products such as purses and laptops.^[9][15][17] The 1994–1996 Face series was the first to be designed specifically for mature consumers.^[9]

The Hello Kitty brand rose to greater prominence internationally during the late 1990s. At that time, several celebrities, such as Mariah Carey, had adopted Hello Kitty as a fashion statement.^[15] New products featuring the character were made available in a large variety of American department stores.

Hello Kitty’s popularity in Japan peaked in the late 1990s when she was the country’s top-grossing character. In 2002, Hello Kitty lost her place as the top-grossing character in Japan in the Character Databank popularity chart. In a 2010 survey, she was in third place behind Anpanman and Pikachu from Pokémon.^[17] In 2010, The New York Times attributed the character’s relative decline in Japan to her biography not being «compelling enough to draw many fans.» The newspaper later wrote that analysts called the characterization «weak,»^[17] and that Hello Kitty not having a mouth has dampened her success as an animated TV character.^[17] According to Character Databank, Hello Kitty was the third highest-grossing character in Japan as of 2013.^[35] In 2019 and 2020, Character Databank ranked her fifth, and as of 2021 she was out of the top five.^[36][37][38]

Overseas, her global popularity has increased over the years.^[17] According to Sanrio, Hello Kitty was appearing on 12,000 new products each year as of 1999.^[23] Beginning in 2007, following trends in Japan, Sanrio began using darker designs for Hello Kitty with more black and less pink and pulled away from kawaii styles.^[17] By 2008, Hello Kitty was responsible for half of Sanrio’s $1 billion net income, and there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products in more than 60 countries.^[15] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a «global marketing phenomenon».^[17] Worldwide annual sales reached $8 billion in 2013.^[18]

In July 2008, the Dutch artist Dick Bruna, creator of Miffy, alleged that Hello Kitty is a copy of Miffy, being rendered in a similar style. He stated disapprovingly in an interview for the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph: «That» […] «is a copy [of Miffy], I think. I don’t like that at all. I always think, ‘No, don’t do that. Try to make something that you think of yourself’.»^[39] Mercis, the firm that managed copyrights for Bruna, took Sanrio to court over their Hello Kitty-associated character Cathy, a rabbit which made her first appearance in 1976 and which Mercis argued infringed the copyright for Miffy. A court in Amsterdam ruled in favour of Mercis in November 2010 and ordered Sanrio to stop the production and sale of merchandise featuring Cathy in the Benelux countries. However, in June 2011, the two companies announced that they had reached a settlement agreement to end their legal dispute. Sanrio stopped using the Cathy character, and the two firms jointly donated €150,000 for reconstruction after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.^[40]

As of 2014, 90% of the profits from Hello Kitty came from licensing of products for the international market.^[41] She has been particularly popular in other Asian countries for decades, such as in China, where her cultural impact is comparable to that of Barbie in the Western world.^[42] In 2008, Japan named Hello Kitty the ambassador of Japanese tourism in both China and Hong Kong, marking the first time Japan’s tourism ministry had appointed a fictional character to the role.^[43] Dr. Sharon Kinsella, a lecturer at Oxford University on Japanese sociology, called the selection of Hello Kitty «a bit farcical … as if a dumbed-down cultural icon … can somehow do something significant to alter the gnarly and difficult state of China-Japan relations.»^[15]

In the United States, Hello Kitty is recognized by more than 80% of young adults in the 18–23 age group, as of 2016.^[44] In 2014 a four-day convention, Hello Kitty Con in Los Angeles, attracted over 25,000 visitors. The convention was held in celebration of Hello Kitty’s 40th anniversary.^[45] Sanrio’s Puroland Tokyo theme park also held a celebration spanning several days in November 2014.^[46]

Character[edit]

Hello Kitty is a gijinka, an anthropomorphism or personification of a Japanese Bobtail cat.^[47][11][48] Official character profiles list her full name as Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito), born in the suburbs of London, England, on November 1. Her height is described as five apples and her weight as three apples. She is portrayed as a bright and kind-hearted girl, very close to her twin sister Mimmy. She is good at baking cookies and loves her mama’s homemade apple pie. She likes to play the piano and collect cute things, and her favorite subjects in school are English, music, and art.^[5][49][12]

Hello Kitty is portrayed with a large family with the surname White. Her twin sister Mimmy is described as «shy and very girly,» interested in sewing and dreaming of marriage. While Hello Kitty wears a red bow on her left ear, Mimmy wears a yellow one on her right. Their papa George is described as dependable, humorous but also absent-minded. Their mama Mary is portrayed as a good cook who loves doing housework. Grandpa Anthony likes to tell stories and grandma Margaret likes sewing.^[49][12] In addition to family, Hello Kitty is also depicted with several animal friends, including the mice Joey and Judy, the bears Tippy and Thomas, the raccoon Tracy and the squirrel Rorry.^[50]

Aside from the core Hello Kitty characters, several spinoff characters have been created: Hello Kitty’s boyfriend Dear Daniel in 1999, Charmmy Kitty, Hello Kitty’s pet cat, and Sugar, her pet hamster, both in 2004, and her superhero alter-ego Ichigoman in 2011.^[28][51]

SFGATE said in 2004 that in light of the level of success of Hello Kitty, her fictional biography «seems almost too modest – or irrelevant» and «doesn’t seem to have played much of a part» in the success.^[16]

In 2014 an anthropologist was told by Sanrio that Kitty White was not simply a cat (i.e. «depicted on all fours»), describing her as a little English girl called Kitty White, from outside London.^[10] Following reports that interpreted this to mean she was human, a Sanrio PR representative said that the organization had «never said she was a human», explaining anthropomorphization by comparing the character to Mickey Mouse: «No one would mistake the Disney character for a human–but at the same time he’s not quite a mouse. Just like Hello Kitty isn’t a human, she’s not quite a cat either.»^[47] Sanrio stated further, «Hello Kitty was done in the motif of a cat. It’s going too far to say that Hello Kitty is not a cat.»^[11]

Media[edit]

Animated series[edit]

There have been several different animated series starring Hello Kitty. The first was Hello Kitty’s Furry Tale Theater, an animated television series with 13 22-minute episodes that premiered in 1987.^[52] The next, an OVA titled Hello Kitty and Friends, spanned 30 entries originally released in Japan between 1989 and 1994. Hello Kitty’s Paradise came out in 1999 and was 16 episodes long. Hello Kitty’s Stump Village came out in 2005, and The Adventures of Hello Kitty & Friends came out in 2008 and has aired 52 episodes. A crossover series under the name Kiss Hello Kitty (that paired animated versions of the members of the rock band KISS with Hello Kitty) was announced in March 2013. Produced by Gene Simmons, this show was supposed to air on The Hub Network (now Discovery Family),^[53] but it never came to fruition.

Hello Kitty’s Paradise [ja] was a long-running live-action children’s program that aired on TXN from January 1999 to March 2011. It was the longest-running weekly kids’ television program in the network’s history. In January 2011, the show’s creators mutually agreed to end the series after twelve seasons, with the final episode being broadcast on 29 March 2011.

In August 2018, Sanrio began streaming a CGI animated series on YouTube. It features Hello Kitty talking to the camera about her life in the style of vlogging YouTubers.^[54][55]

Sanrio began streaming the newest 2D animated Hello Kitty series Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures on YouTube on 26 October 2020.^[56]

Comics[edit]

Hello Kitty had two manga comics serialized in Ribon, a shōjo manga magazine — Hello Kitty Doki (ran from May 2007 to April 2008)^[57] and Hello Kitty Peace (released in June 2008).^[58]

In March 2016, Sanrio launched a webcomic featuring Hello Kitty as a strawberry-themed superhero called Ichigoman (ichigo meaning strawberry). The webcomic is created by Toshiki Inoue and Shakua Sinkai and updates once a month.^[59] Ichigoman first appeared in 2011 in an exhibition with Yuko Yamaguchi’s art.^[51]

Music[edit]

Hello Kitty has her own branded album, Hello World, featuring Hello Kitty-inspired songs performed by a collection of artists including Keke Palmer, Cori Yarckin, and Ainjel Emme under Hello Kitty’s Lakeshore Records record label.^[60] Hello Kitty was also chosen by AH Software to be the basis of the new Vocaloid Nekomura Iroha (猫村いろは, Nekomura Iroha)^[61] to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Sanrio.^[62]

Musician Yoshiki unveiled the Hello Kitty theme song «Hello Hello» in November 2014 at the first Hello Kitty Con. Yoshiki, who was the first celebrity to have his own Hello Kitty doll, «Yoshikitty,» was approached by Yamaguchi to compose the song seven years prior.^[63]

Video games[edit]

There are numerous Hello Kitty games starting with the release of the first title for Famicom in 1992; however, the majority of these games were never released outside of Japan. Hello Kitty also has made cameo appearances in games featuring other Sanrio characters, such as the Keroppi game, Kero Kero Keroppi no Bōken Nikki: Nemureru Mori no Keroleen. Special-edition consoles such as the Hello Kitty Dreamcast, Hello Kitty Game Boy Pocket, and Hello Kitty Crystal Xbox have also been released exclusively in Japan.

Hello Kitty appeared as a guest character in Sega’s Sonic Dash in 2016, as part of Sega’s partnership with Sanrio. Hello Kitty and My Melody (another Sanrio character) appeared together in Super Mario Maker as unlockable Mystery Mushroom costumes. Hello Kitty appears as a playable character via downloadable content in Super Monkey Ball Banana Mania.^[64]

Partial list of Hello Kitty video games[edit]

• Hello Kitty no Hanabatake (1992, Famicom): a platformer
• Hello Kitty World (1992, Famicom): a Famicom port of Balloon Kid co-developed by Nintendo and Character Soft.
• Hello Kitty’s Big Fun Piano (1994, PC): a piano simulation^[65]
• Kitty the Kool (1998, PlayStation) a game from Imagineer^[66]
• Hello Kitty’s Cube Frenzy (1998, Game Boy Color, PlayStation): a life simulation/minigame collection
• DDR Hello Kitty (1999, Bemani Pocket): a handheld Hello Kitty game in the Dance Dance Revolution series
• The Hello Kitty Simple 1500 series (PlayStation): a series of specifically low-priced games
• Gotouchi Hello Kitty Sugoroku Monogatari (2003, PlayStation): a sugoroku-based game
• Hello Kitty: Happy Party Pals (2005, Game Boy Advance): an action/adventure game
• Hello Kitty: Roller Rescue (2005, Xbox, GameCube, PlayStation 2): an action/adventure game
• Mainichi Suteki! Hello Kitty no Life Kit (2007, Nintendo DS): a puzzle game
• The Hello Kitty Simple 2000 series (2007, PlayStation 2): a series of specifically low-priced games
• Hello Kitty: Big City Dreams (2008, Nintendo DS): an adventure game published by Empire Interactive developed by Sanrio Digital. In the game, Hello Kitty moves to the Big City where she meets other Sanrio characters and makes new friends.^[67]
• Hello Kitty Daily (2008, Nintendo DS): a PDA application featuring a diary, calendar, alarm clock, money managing system and school planner
• Hello Kitty Online (2009, PC): an online MMORPG developed by Sanrio Digital and Typhoon Games. The game allows players to create and customize characters, then use them to battle monsters, socialize with one another, mine for ore, do domestic chores like farming or cooking, and participate in quests.
• Hello Kitty Parachute Paradise (2009, iPhone/iPod Touch): an iPhone game with tilt-based controls^[68]
• Apron of Magic (2010, Arcade, iOS, Nintendo 3DS): An Arcade Card Game developed by Examu to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of Sanrio. The game features Hello Kitty and other notable Sanrio Characters.
• Hello Kitty Seasons (2010, Wii): A game in which the playable character is appointed as Deputy Mayor to help Sanrio Town.
• Hello Kitty Picnic (2012, Nintendo 3DS)
• Hello Kitty Kruisers (2014, iOS, Wii U, Nintendo Switch): A kart racing game featuring Hello Kitty and other Sanrio characters^[69]

Films[edit]

Three Hello Kitty anime films were released in Japan. Hello Kitty: Cinderella released in 1987, Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime released in 1990, and Hello Kitty no Mahō no Mori no Ohime-sama released in 1991.^[70]

On 3 July 2015, Sanrio announced a full-length Hello Kitty theatrical feature initially planned for 2019.^[71] In early 2019, it was revealed that New Line Cinema will be teaming up alongside Sanrio and Flynn Picture Company for an “English language film based on the venerable kid brand.”^[72] In 2021, it was reported that Jennifer Coyle and Leo Matsuda have been hired to direct the film with Lindsey Beer set to pen the script.^[73]

Products[edit]

Originally aimed at the pre-adolescent female market, the Hello Kitty product range has expanded from dolls, stickers, greeting cards, clothes, backpacks, lunch boxes, piggy banks, pencils, erasers, accessories, school supplies and stationery to purses, toasters, televisions, other home appliances, massagers, motor oil^[74] and computer equipment. These products range from mass market items to high-end consumer products and rare collectibles.^[75] As of 2014, more than 50,000 Hello Kitty product lines were available in over 130 countries.^[76]

High-end[edit]

Sanrio and various corporate partners have released Hello Kitty-branded products, including the Hello Kitty Stratocaster electric guitar (since 2005, with Fender, under its Squier sub-brand, in the US)^[77][78] and an Airbus A330-200 commercial passenger jet airliner, dubbed the Hello Kitty Jet (2005–2009, with EVA Airways in Taiwan).^[79] In late 2011 and early 2012, EVA Air revived their «Hello Kitty Jets» with their three new A330-300s. However, due to high demand,^[80] the airline added two more alongside their existing A330-200s in mid-2012. A year later, EVA Air introduced one of their 777-300ERs as another Hello Kitty Jet, which featured other Sanrio characters as well as Hello Kitty.

In 2009, Hello Kitty entered the wine market with a collection of four wines available for purchase online, continuing the expansion of product lines targeted at older audiences.^[81]

Establishments[edit]

Hello Kitty is included as part of the Sanrio livery at the Japanese theme parks Harmonyland and Sanrio Puroland. The Hello Kitty Shanghai Times theme park in Shanghai, China opened in 2019.^[20] A theme park called Hello Kitty Town existed in Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia from 2012 to 2019.^[82][83][84] In 2014, Sanrio partnered with the Indonesian theme park Dufan to introduce Hello Kitty Adventure, a cinema based attraction.^[85]

Hello Kitty cafés have opened around the world, including in Seoul and other locations in South Korea;^[86] Bangkok, Thailand;^[87] Adelaide, Australia;^[88] Irvine, California;^[89] and the Santa Anita Mall in California.^[90]

There is a themed restaurant named Hello Kitty Sweets in Taipei, Taiwan, which opened in 2008. The restaurant’s decor and many of its dishes are patterned after the Hello Kitty characters.^[91][92] Another restaurant called the Hello Kitty Diner opened in the Chatswood area of Sydney, Australia,^[93] and a Hello Kitty dim sum restaurant opened in Kowloon, Hong Kong.^[94]

In 2008, a Hello Kitty-themed maternity hospital opened in Yuanlin, Taiwan. Hello Kitty is featured on the receiving blankets, room decor, bed linens, birth certificate covers, and nurses’ uniforms. The hospital’s owner explained that he hoped that the theme would help ease the stress of childbirth.^[95][96]

Clothing[edit]

Dr. Martens collaborated with Hello Kitty in 2010 and 2020. The 2020 collaboration includes platform boots, platform sandals as well as a satchel.^[97] Forever 21 collaborated with Hello Kitty on clothing collections several times, the first one in 2011.^{[98][99][100]} In 2018, Puma collaborated with Hello Kitty to create a collection which features sneakers for both children and adults.^[101] Also in 2018, Converse collaborated with Sanrio to create a collection which includes shoes ranging from kids’ to adult sizes as well as clothing and bags.^{[102][103][104]} In 2020, Skechers collaborated with Hello Kitty releasing chunky-soled style shoes with brand’s logo and Hello Kitty’s face and bow.^[105] Hello Kitty is used as a brand for sanitary pads in the Philippines.^[106]

Legacy and impact[edit]

In 1994, artist Tom Sachs was invited to create a scene for Barneys New York Christmas displays and titled it Hello Kitty Nativity. In the scene, the Virgin Mary was replaced by Madonna with an open Chanel bra, the three Kings were all Bart Simpson, the stable was marked by a McDonald’s logo, and the Christ Child was replaced by Hello Kitty. This contemporary revision of the nativity scene^[107] demonstrated Sachs’ interest in the phenomena of consumerism, branding, and the cultural fetishization of products. Many audiences instead took offense to the artwork, which received backlash from Catholic organizations for its misuse of Christian symbolism.

In 2009, Tom Sachs’ Bronze Collection was shown at the Public art space in Manhattan’s Lever House, as well as in the Baldwin Gallery in Aspen, Colorado, and the Trocadéro in Paris. The collection featured white bronze casts of a foam core Hello Kitty sculpture – a style distinctive to the artist. As of April 2010, the Wind-Up Hello Kitty sculpture is still on display at Lever House.^[108] Although Sachs did not seek permission to use the character in his work, a brand marketing manager for Sanrio was quoted as saying «You know, there was Marilyn Monroe and Andy Warhol, and then Michael Jackson and Jeff Koons. When you’re an icon, that’s what happens.»^[109] In 2013 The Wall Street Journal said Sanrio’s attitude to copyright was «laissez-faire» compared to companies like Disney, and that they have let artists use Hello Kitty’s likeness without interfering.^[110]

In 2015, a nine-foot tall pearlescent Hello Kitty sculpture by artist Sebastian Masuda was exhibited at the Dag Hammarskjold Plaza in New York City, as part of the Japan Society’s exhibition: Life of Cats: Selections from the Hiraki Ukiyo-e Collection.^[111]

Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne wrote and recorded a song called «Hello Kitty» for her fifth studio album, Avril Lavigne, released in 2013. The Hello Kitty Stratocaster guitar, originally released in 2005, was initially aimed at pre-teen girls,^[77] but has since been used by notable guitarists including Krist Novoselic, Courtney Love, Dave Navarro, and Lisa Loeb.^{[112][113][114]} In 2022, vintage Hello Kitty Stratocasters were among the most popular musical instruments sold on the marketplace Reverb.com. While it originally retailed for $230, some re-sold for over $1,000.^[77][115]

In 2022 Saturday Night Live aired a sketch parodying Hello Kitty’s backstory (described by The A.V. Club as «incongruous, corporate-sanctioned») and Sanrio’s handling of it.^[116][117] The sketch centers on managers at a fictional Hello Kitty store. They describe the character in contradictory terms as a «human little girl» who is in third grade and also 48 years old.^[117] The Atlantic described the sketch as both «a skewering of the ever-expanding Hello Kitty commercial universe» and as capturing the gaslighting and manipulation of truth of the time.^[117]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Official Hello Kitty website
• Hello Kitty at Don Markstein’s Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016.
• Kittylab Singapore Expo 2009 Hello Kitty 35th Anniversary Project Kitty Lab

Hello Kitty
Sanrio character
First appearance	March 1975 (created 1974)
Created by	Yuko Shimizu
Voiced by	Megumi Hayashibara (1990–present), others[a]
Full name	Kitty White[5]
In-universe information
Species	Anthropomorphic cat
Gender	Female
Family	Mimmy (twin sister) George (father) Mary (mother) Anthony (grandfather) Margaret (grandmother) Charmmy Kitty (pet cat) Dear Daniel (boyfriend)
Nationality	British

Hello Kitty (Japanese: ハロー・キティ, Hepburn: Harō Kiti),^[6] also known by her real name Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito),^[5] is a fictional character created by Yuko Shimizu, currently designed by Yuko Yamaguchi, and owned by the Japanese company Sanrio.^[7][8][9] Sanrio depicts Hello Kitty as an anthropomorphized white cat with a red bow and no visible mouth.^[10][11] According to her backstory, she lives in a London suburb with her family, and is close to her twin sister Mimmy, who is depicted with a yellow bow.^[5][12]

Hello Kitty was created in 1974 and the first item, a vinyl coin purse, was introduced in 1975.^[13][14] Originally Hello Kitty was only marketed towards pre-teenage girls, but beginning in the 1990s, the brand found commercial success among teenage and adult consumers as well.^[15] Hello Kitty’s popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii (cute) culture.^[16] The brand went into decline in Japan after the 1990s, but continued to grow in the international market.^[17] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a «global marketing phenomenon».^[17] By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $8 billion a year.^[18]

UNICEF has appointed Hello Kitty children’s ambassador and the Japanese government appointed her ambassador of tourism.^[15] There are Sanrio theme parks based on Hello Kitty: Harmonyland in Hiji, Ōita, Japan,^[19] Sanrio Puroland in Tama New Town, Tokyo, Japan, and Hello Kitty Shanghai Times in Shanghai, China.^[20] The Hello Kitty media franchise has grown to include a number of animated series targeted towards children, as well as several manga comics, anime films, video games, books, music albums and other media productions. A variety of products have featured the character over the years, like school supplies, clothing, accessories and toys, along with other items. As of 2008 there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products.^[15]

Creation and design[edit]

In 1962, Shintaro Tsuji, founder of Sanrio, began selling rubber sandals with flowers painted on them.^[21] Tsuji noted the profits gained by adding a cute design to the shoes and hired cartoonists to design cute characters for his merchandise.^[21] Hello Kitty was designed by Yuko Shimizu and was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974.^[8]

Hello Kitty was initially known only as «the white kitten with no name» (名前のない白い子猫).^[11] Shimizu got the name Kitty from Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass; during a scene early in the book, Alice plays with a cat she calls Kitty.^[22] Sanrio’s motto is «social communication,» and Tsuji wanted the brand name to reflect that by including a greeting. He first considered «Hi Kitty» before finally settling on «Hello Kitty,» her current name.^[23] Sanrio decided to make Hello Kitty British because foreign countries, in particular Britain, were trendy in Japan at the time of Hello Kitty’s creation. Sanrio already had several characters set in the US, and it wanted Hello Kitty to be different.^[9][15]

In 1976 Setsuko Yonekubo temporarily took over as lead designer for Hello Kitty, after Shimizu left Sanrio. In 1980 Yuko Yamaguchi became lead designer and has remained in charge since.^[24] Yamaguchi has said that fashion, movies, and TV inspire her in creating new designs. New series involving Hello Kitty with different themed designs are released regularly, following current trends.^[9][17]

Spokespeople for Sanrio have said that Hello Kitty has no mouth, as they want people to «project their feelings onto the character» and «be happy or sad together with Hello Kitty.»^[9][25] Another explanation Sanrio has given for Hello Kitty’s lack of a mouth is that she «speaks from the heart. She’s Sanrio’s ambassador to the world and isn’t bound to any particular language.»^[15] However, Yuko Yamaguchi has also said that «Kitty has a mouth» that is «hidden in the fur».^[26] Representatives for Sanrio have said that they see Hello Kitty as a symbol of friendship, which they hope she will foster between people across the world.^[9] There has been speculation that Hello Kitty has her origins in Maneki Neko, a traditional Japanese cat figurine. The name «Hello Kitty» is a back-translation of Maneki Neko, meaning «beckoning cat» in English. Despite this, no definitive statement supports that speculation.^[27]

History and reception[edit]

The character’s first appearance on an item was in March 1975 on a vinyl coin purse sold in Japan, where she was pictured sitting between a bottle of milk and a goldfish bowl.^[13][14][28] She first appeared in the United States in 1976 when Sanrio opened a Gift Gate store in San Jose, California.^[29][30]

Hello Kitty sold well immediately after her 1975 launch, and Sanrio’s sales increased sevenfold.^[17] Due to Japan’s growing economy, many Japanese children could afford to buy Hello Kitty products.^[31] Her popularity also grew with the emergence of kawaii culture, which embraces cuteness.^[16]

UNICEF named Hello Kitty as children’s ambassador to the United States in 1983, children’s ambassador in Japan in 1994, and gave her the title of UNICEF Special Friend of Children in 2004, a title unique to her.^[32][33][34]

Originally, Hello Kitty was only marketed towards a child and preteen audience. In the 1990s, the target market for Hello Kitty was broadened to include teenagers and adults as a retro brand.^[9][15] Marketing to those who could not get Hello Kitty merchandise as children, and those who fondly remember items they had, Sanrio began selling Hello Kitty branded products such as purses and laptops.^[9][15][17] The 1994–1996 Face series was the first to be designed specifically for mature consumers.^[9]

The Hello Kitty brand rose to greater prominence internationally during the late 1990s. At that time, several celebrities, such as Mariah Carey, had adopted Hello Kitty as a fashion statement.^[15] New products featuring the character were made available in a large variety of American department stores.

Hello Kitty’s popularity in Japan peaked in the late 1990s when she was the country’s top-grossing character. In 2002, Hello Kitty lost her place as the top-grossing character in Japan in the Character Databank popularity chart. In a 2010 survey, she was in third place behind Anpanman and Pikachu from Pokémon.^[17] In 2010, The New York Times attributed the character’s relative decline in Japan to her biography not being «compelling enough to draw many fans.» The newspaper later wrote that analysts called the characterization «weak,»^[17] and that Hello Kitty not having a mouth has dampened her success as an animated TV character.^[17] According to Character Databank, Hello Kitty was the third highest-grossing character in Japan as of 2013.^[35] In 2019 and 2020, Character Databank ranked her fifth, and as of 2021 she was out of the top five.^[36][37][38]

Overseas, her global popularity has increased over the years.^[17] According to Sanrio, Hello Kitty was appearing on 12,000 new products each year as of 1999.^[23] Beginning in 2007, following trends in Japan, Sanrio began using darker designs for Hello Kitty with more black and less pink and pulled away from kawaii styles.^[17] By 2008, Hello Kitty was responsible for half of Sanrio’s $1 billion net income, and there were over 50,000 different Hello Kitty branded products in more than 60 countries.^[15] By 2010 the character was worth $5 billion a year and The New York Times called her a «global marketing phenomenon».^[17] Worldwide annual sales reached $8 billion in 2013.^[18]

In July 2008, the Dutch artist Dick Bruna, creator of Miffy, alleged that Hello Kitty is a copy of Miffy, being rendered in a similar style. He stated disapprovingly in an interview for the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph: «That» […] «is a copy [of Miffy], I think. I don’t like that at all. I always think, ‘No, don’t do that. Try to make something that you think of yourself’.»^[39] Mercis, the firm that managed copyrights for Bruna, took Sanrio to court over their Hello Kitty-associated character Cathy, a rabbit which made her first appearance in 1976 and which Mercis argued infringed the copyright for Miffy. A court in Amsterdam ruled in favour of Mercis in November 2010 and ordered Sanrio to stop the production and sale of merchandise featuring Cathy in the Benelux countries. However, in June 2011, the two companies announced that they had reached a settlement agreement to end their legal dispute. Sanrio stopped using the Cathy character, and the two firms jointly donated €150,000 for reconstruction after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.^[40]

As of 2014, 90% of the profits from Hello Kitty came from licensing of products for the international market.^[41] She has been particularly popular in other Asian countries for decades, such as in China, where her cultural impact is comparable to that of Barbie in the Western world.^[42] In 2008, Japan named Hello Kitty the ambassador of Japanese tourism in both China and Hong Kong, marking the first time Japan’s tourism ministry had appointed a fictional character to the role.^[43] Dr. Sharon Kinsella, a lecturer at Oxford University on Japanese sociology, called the selection of Hello Kitty «a bit farcical … as if a dumbed-down cultural icon … can somehow do something significant to alter the gnarly and difficult state of China-Japan relations.»^[15]

In the United States, Hello Kitty is recognized by more than 80% of young adults in the 18–23 age group, as of 2016.^[44] In 2014 a four-day convention, Hello Kitty Con in Los Angeles, attracted over 25,000 visitors. The convention was held in celebration of Hello Kitty’s 40th anniversary.^[45] Sanrio’s Puroland Tokyo theme park also held a celebration spanning several days in November 2014.^[46]

Character[edit]

Hello Kitty is a gijinka, an anthropomorphism or personification of a Japanese Bobtail cat.^[47][11][48] Official character profiles list her full name as Kitty White (キティ・ホワイト, Kiti Howaito), born in the suburbs of London, England, on November 1. Her height is described as five apples and her weight as three apples. She is portrayed as a bright and kind-hearted girl, very close to her twin sister Mimmy. She is good at baking cookies and loves her mama’s homemade apple pie. She likes to play the piano and collect cute things, and her favorite subjects in school are English, music, and art.^[5][49][12]

Hello Kitty is portrayed with a large family with the surname White. Her twin sister Mimmy is described as «shy and very girly,» interested in sewing and dreaming of marriage. While Hello Kitty wears a red bow on her left ear, Mimmy wears a yellow one on her right. Their papa George is described as dependable, humorous but also absent-minded. Their mama Mary is portrayed as a good cook who loves doing housework. Grandpa Anthony likes to tell stories and grandma Margaret likes sewing.^[49][12] In addition to family, Hello Kitty is also depicted with several animal friends, including the mice Joey and Judy, the bears Tippy and Thomas, the raccoon Tracy and the squirrel Rorry.^[50]

Aside from the core Hello Kitty characters, several spinoff characters have been created: Hello Kitty’s boyfriend Dear Daniel in 1999, Charmmy Kitty, Hello Kitty’s pet cat, and Sugar, her pet hamster, both in 2004, and her superhero alter-ego Ichigoman in 2011.^[28][51]

SFGATE said in 2004 that in light of the level of success of Hello Kitty, her fictional biography «seems almost too modest – or irrelevant» and «doesn’t seem to have played much of a part» in the success.^[16]

In 2014 an anthropologist was told by Sanrio that Kitty White was not simply a cat (i.e. «depicted on all fours»), describing her as a little English girl called Kitty White, from outside London.^[10] Following reports that interpreted this to mean she was human, a Sanrio PR representative said that the organization had «never said she was a human», explaining anthropomorphization by comparing the character to Mickey Mouse: «No one would mistake the Disney character for a human–but at the same time he’s not quite a mouse. Just like Hello Kitty isn’t a human, she’s not quite a cat either.»^[47] Sanrio stated further, «Hello Kitty was done in the motif of a cat. It’s going too far to say that Hello Kitty is not a cat.»^[11]

Media[edit]

Animated series[edit]

There have been several different animated series starring Hello Kitty. The first was Hello Kitty’s Furry Tale Theater, an animated television series with 13 22-minute episodes that premiered in 1987.^[52] The next, an OVA titled Hello Kitty and Friends, spanned 30 entries originally released in Japan between 1989 and 1994. Hello Kitty’s Paradise came out in 1999 and was 16 episodes long. Hello Kitty’s Stump Village came out in 2005, and The Adventures of Hello Kitty & Friends came out in 2008 and has aired 52 episodes. A crossover series under the name Kiss Hello Kitty (that paired animated versions of the members of the rock band KISS with Hello Kitty) was announced in March 2013. Produced by Gene Simmons, this show was supposed to air on The Hub Network (now Discovery Family),^[53] but it never came to fruition.

Hello Kitty’s Paradise [ja] was a long-running live-action children’s program that aired on TXN from January 1999 to March 2011. It was the longest-running weekly kids’ television program in the network’s history. In January 2011, the show’s creators mutually agreed to end the series after twelve seasons, with the final episode being broadcast on 29 March 2011.

In August 2018, Sanrio began streaming a CGI animated series on YouTube. It features Hello Kitty talking to the camera about her life in the style of vlogging YouTubers.^[54][55]

Sanrio began streaming the newest 2D animated Hello Kitty series Hello Kitty and Friends Supercute Adventures on YouTube on 26 October 2020.^[56]

Comics[edit]

Hello Kitty had two manga comics serialized in Ribon, a shōjo manga magazine — Hello Kitty Doki (ran from May 2007 to April 2008)^[57] and Hello Kitty Peace (released in June 2008).^[58]

In March 2016, Sanrio launched a webcomic featuring Hello Kitty as a strawberry-themed superhero called Ichigoman (ichigo meaning strawberry). The webcomic is created by Toshiki Inoue and Shakua Sinkai and updates once a month.^[59] Ichigoman first appeared in 2011 in an exhibition with Yuko Yamaguchi’s art.^[51]

Music[edit]

Hello Kitty has her own branded album, Hello World, featuring Hello Kitty-inspired songs performed by a collection of artists including Keke Palmer, Cori Yarckin, and Ainjel Emme under Hello Kitty’s Lakeshore Records record label.^[60] Hello Kitty was also chosen by AH Software to be the basis of the new Vocaloid Nekomura Iroha (猫村いろは, Nekomura Iroha)^[61] to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Sanrio.^[62]

Musician Yoshiki unveiled the Hello Kitty theme song «Hello Hello» in November 2014 at the first Hello Kitty Con. Yoshiki, who was the first celebrity to have his own Hello Kitty doll, «Yoshikitty,» was approached by Yamaguchi to compose the song seven years prior.^[63]

Video games[edit]

There are numerous Hello Kitty games starting with the release of the first title for Famicom in 1992; however, the majority of these games were never released outside of Japan. Hello Kitty also has made cameo appearances in games featuring other Sanrio characters, such as the Keroppi game, Kero Kero Keroppi no Bōken Nikki: Nemureru Mori no Keroleen. Special-edition consoles such as the Hello Kitty Dreamcast, Hello Kitty Game Boy Pocket, and Hello Kitty Crystal Xbox have also been released exclusively in Japan.

Hello Kitty appeared as a guest character in Sega’s Sonic Dash in 2016, as part of Sega’s partnership with Sanrio. Hello Kitty and My Melody (another Sanrio character) appeared together in Super Mario Maker as unlockable Mystery Mushroom costumes. Hello Kitty appears as a playable character via downloadable content in Super Monkey Ball Banana Mania.^[64]

Partial list of Hello Kitty video games[edit]

• Hello Kitty no Hanabatake (1992, Famicom): a platformer
• Hello Kitty World (1992, Famicom): a Famicom port of Balloon Kid co-developed by Nintendo and Character Soft.
• Hello Kitty’s Big Fun Piano (1994, PC): a piano simulation^[65]
• Kitty the Kool (1998, PlayStation) a game from Imagineer^[66]
• Hello Kitty’s Cube Frenzy (1998, Game Boy Color, PlayStation): a life simulation/minigame collection
• DDR Hello Kitty (1999, Bemani Pocket): a handheld Hello Kitty game in the Dance Dance Revolution series
• The Hello Kitty Simple 1500 series (PlayStation): a series of specifically low-priced games
• Gotouchi Hello Kitty Sugoroku Monogatari (2003, PlayStation): a sugoroku-based game
• Hello Kitty: Happy Party Pals (2005, Game Boy Advance): an action/adventure game
• Hello Kitty: Roller Rescue (2005, Xbox, GameCube, PlayStation 2): an action/adventure game
• Mainichi Suteki! Hello Kitty no Life Kit (2007, Nintendo DS): a puzzle game
• The Hello Kitty Simple 2000 series (2007, PlayStation 2): a series of specifically low-priced games
• Hello Kitty: Big City Dreams (2008, Nintendo DS): an adventure game published by Empire Interactive developed by Sanrio Digital. In the game, Hello Kitty moves to the Big City where she meets other Sanrio characters and makes new friends.^[67]
• Hello Kitty Daily (2008, Nintendo DS): a PDA application featuring a diary, calendar, alarm clock, money managing system and school planner
• Hello Kitty Online (2009, PC): an online MMORPG developed by Sanrio Digital and Typhoon Games. The game allows players to create and customize characters, then use them to battle monsters, socialize with one another, mine for ore, do domestic chores like farming or cooking, and participate in quests.
• Hello Kitty Parachute Paradise (2009, iPhone/iPod Touch): an iPhone game with tilt-based controls^[68]
• Apron of Magic (2010, Arcade, iOS, Nintendo 3DS): An Arcade Card Game developed by Examu to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of Sanrio. The game features Hello Kitty and other notable Sanrio Characters.
• Hello Kitty Seasons (2010, Wii): A game in which the playable character is appointed as Deputy Mayor to help Sanrio Town.
• Hello Kitty Picnic (2012, Nintendo 3DS)
• Hello Kitty Kruisers (2014, iOS, Wii U, Nintendo Switch): A kart racing game featuring Hello Kitty and other Sanrio characters^[69]

Films[edit]

Three Hello Kitty anime films were released in Japan. Hello Kitty: Cinderella released in 1987, Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime released in 1990, and Hello Kitty no Mahō no Mori no Ohime-sama released in 1991.^[70]

On 3 July 2015, Sanrio announced a full-length Hello Kitty theatrical feature initially planned for 2019.^[71] In early 2019, it was revealed that New Line Cinema will be teaming up alongside Sanrio and Flynn Picture Company for an “English language film based on the venerable kid brand.”^[72] In 2021, it was reported that Jennifer Coyle and Leo Matsuda have been hired to direct the film with Lindsey Beer set to pen the script.^[73]

Products[edit]

Originally aimed at the pre-adolescent female market, the Hello Kitty product range has expanded from dolls, stickers, greeting cards, clothes, backpacks, lunch boxes, piggy banks, pencils, erasers, accessories, school supplies and stationery to purses, toasters, televisions, other home appliances, massagers, motor oil^[74] and computer equipment. These products range from mass market items to high-end consumer products and rare collectibles.^[75] As of 2014, more than 50,000 Hello Kitty product lines were available in over 130 countries.^[76]

High-end[edit]

Sanrio and various corporate partners have released Hello Kitty-branded products, including the Hello Kitty Stratocaster electric guitar (since 2005, with Fender, under its Squier sub-brand, in the US)^[77][78] and an Airbus A330-200 commercial passenger jet airliner, dubbed the Hello Kitty Jet (2005–2009, with EVA Airways in Taiwan).^[79] In late 2011 and early 2012, EVA Air revived their «Hello Kitty Jets» with their three new A330-300s. However, due to high demand,^[80] the airline added two more alongside their existing A330-200s in mid-2012. A year later, EVA Air introduced one of their 777-300ERs as another Hello Kitty Jet, which featured other Sanrio characters as well as Hello Kitty.

In 2009, Hello Kitty entered the wine market with a collection of four wines available for purchase online, continuing the expansion of product lines targeted at older audiences.^[81]

Establishments[edit]

Hello Kitty is included as part of the Sanrio livery at the Japanese theme parks Harmonyland and Sanrio Puroland. The Hello Kitty Shanghai Times theme park in Shanghai, China opened in 2019.^[20] A theme park called Hello Kitty Town existed in Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia from 2012 to 2019.^[82][83][84] In 2014, Sanrio partnered with the Indonesian theme park Dufan to introduce Hello Kitty Adventure, a cinema based attraction.^[85]

Hello Kitty cafés have opened around the world, including in Seoul and other locations in South Korea;^[86] Bangkok, Thailand;^[87] Adelaide, Australia;^[88] Irvine, California;^[89] and the Santa Anita Mall in California.^[90]

There is a themed restaurant named Hello Kitty Sweets in Taipei, Taiwan, which opened in 2008. The restaurant’s decor and many of its dishes are patterned after the Hello Kitty characters.^[91][92] Another restaurant called the Hello Kitty Diner opened in the Chatswood area of Sydney, Australia,^[93] and a Hello Kitty dim sum restaurant opened in Kowloon, Hong Kong.^[94]

In 2008, a Hello Kitty-themed maternity hospital opened in Yuanlin, Taiwan. Hello Kitty is featured on the receiving blankets, room decor, bed linens, birth certificate covers, and nurses’ uniforms. The hospital’s owner explained that he hoped that the theme would help ease the stress of childbirth.^[95][96]

Clothing[edit]

Dr. Martens collaborated with Hello Kitty in 2010 and 2020. The 2020 collaboration includes platform boots, platform sandals as well as a satchel.^[97] Forever 21 collaborated with Hello Kitty on clothing collections several times, the first one in 2011.^{[98][99][100]} In 2018, Puma collaborated with Hello Kitty to create a collection which features sneakers for both children and adults.^[101] Also in 2018, Converse collaborated with Sanrio to create a collection which includes shoes ranging from kids’ to adult sizes as well as clothing and bags.^{[102][103][104]} In 2020, Skechers collaborated with Hello Kitty releasing chunky-soled style shoes with brand’s logo and Hello Kitty’s face and bow.^[105] Hello Kitty is used as a brand for sanitary pads in the Philippines.^[106]

Legacy and impact[edit]

In 1994, artist Tom Sachs was invited to create a scene for Barneys New York Christmas displays and titled it Hello Kitty Nativity. In the scene, the Virgin Mary was replaced by Madonna with an open Chanel bra, the three Kings were all Bart Simpson, the stable was marked by a McDonald’s logo, and the Christ Child was replaced by Hello Kitty. This contemporary revision of the nativity scene^[107] demonstrated Sachs’ interest in the phenomena of consumerism, branding, and the cultural fetishization of products. Many audiences instead took offense to the artwork, which received backlash from Catholic organizations for its misuse of Christian symbolism.

In 2009, Tom Sachs’ Bronze Collection was shown at the Public art space in Manhattan’s Lever House, as well as in the Baldwin Gallery in Aspen, Colorado, and the Trocadéro in Paris. The collection featured white bronze casts of a foam core Hello Kitty sculpture – a style distinctive to the artist. As of April 2010, the Wind-Up Hello Kitty sculpture is still on display at Lever House.^[108] Although Sachs did not seek permission to use the character in his work, a brand marketing manager for Sanrio was quoted as saying «You know, there was Marilyn Monroe and Andy Warhol, and then Michael Jackson and Jeff Koons. When you’re an icon, that’s what happens.»^[109] In 2013 The Wall Street Journal said Sanrio’s attitude to copyright was «laissez-faire» compared to companies like Disney, and that they have let artists use Hello Kitty’s likeness without interfering.^[110]

In 2015, a nine-foot tall pearlescent Hello Kitty sculpture by artist Sebastian Masuda was exhibited at the Dag Hammarskjold Plaza in New York City, as part of the Japan Society’s exhibition: Life of Cats: Selections from the Hiraki Ukiyo-e Collection.^[111]

Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne wrote and recorded a song called «Hello Kitty» for her fifth studio album, Avril Lavigne, released in 2013. The Hello Kitty Stratocaster guitar, originally released in 2005, was initially aimed at pre-teen girls,^[77] but has since been used by notable guitarists including Krist Novoselic, Courtney Love, Dave Navarro, and Lisa Loeb.^{[112][113][114]} In 2022, vintage Hello Kitty Stratocasters were among the most popular musical instruments sold on the marketplace Reverb.com. While it originally retailed for $230, some re-sold for over $1,000.^[77][115]

In 2022 Saturday Night Live aired a sketch parodying Hello Kitty’s backstory (described by The A.V. Club as «incongruous, corporate-sanctioned») and Sanrio’s handling of it.^[116][117] The sketch centers on managers at a fictional Hello Kitty store. They describe the character in contradictory terms as a «human little girl» who is in third grade and also 48 years old.^[117] The Atlantic described the sketch as both «a skewering of the ever-expanding Hello Kitty commercial universe» and as capturing the gaslighting and manipulation of truth of the time.^[117]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Official Hello Kitty website
• Hello Kitty at Don Markstein’s Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016.
• Kittylab Singapore Expo 2009 Hello Kitty 35th Anniversary Project Kitty Lab

Японский чиновник Синтаро Цудзи мечтал создать компанию, которая делает и продаёт яркие вещи — так на свете появилась Sanrio. За 60 лет работы она выросла в миллиардный бизнес. Придуманная белая кошка стала её символом и приносит более 70% выручки.

Чем Цудзи занимался до Sanrio: работа чиновника и первые инвестиции

В 1945 году, под самый конец войны, японский студент Синтаро Цудзи поступил на химический факультет Университета Гунмы. В то же время он вместе с друзьями открыл маленькое производство разного мыла, подсластителей, соевого соуса. Благодаря предприятию Синтаро, по его словам, «набил карманы деньгами».

После университета Цудзи устроился чиновником в префектуру Яманаси (недалеко от Иокогамы и Токио), откуда был родом, и отработал там 11 лет.

После ухода из префектуры Цудзи думал над тем, в какой области хотел бы открыть бизнес. Губернатор, узнав об этом, инвестировал в его будущее предприятие 50 тысяч иен. Вице-губернатор, глава местной торговой палаты и директор завода Яманаси по производству хрусталя вложили ещё по 50 тысяч каждый. Глава местной текстильной ассоциации дал Цудзи 25 тысяч иен.

Семья губернатора префектуры управляла алкогольным бизнесом, и губернатор уговаривал Цудзи развиваться в этой области. Цудзи отказался и позже решение объяснил так: «Губернатор прислал мне десять бутылок по 1,8 литра каждая. Было настолько тяжело, что я даже не смог их поднять. Тогда я подумал, что не смогу вести бизнес, продукцию которого не могу утащить собственными руками».

Основал компанию, потому что хотел сделать мир добрее

На выбор Синтаро повлияло тяжёлое детство. Мать умерла, когда мальчику было 13 лет, и почти всю юность он провёл у тети. Предприниматель связывал это время с одиночеством. Желание находить новых друзей и делать приятное людям привело его к бизнесу на небольших подарках.

В 1960 году Синтаро Цудзи основал Yamanashi Silk Center. Первой продукцией были шелковые вещи, затем компания продавала туфли с ярким узором. Но вскоре Синтаро решил, что узнаваемость бренду придают собственные персонажи, которых можно изображать на товарах.

Yamanashi Silk Center сотрудничала с иллюстраторами на гонорарной основе: они рисовали героев и получали деньги за отдельные проекты. Позже Цудзи решил: лучше иметь штатных сотрудников, чем переплачивать временным.

В 1973 году Цудзи изменил название компании: с того момента она называется Sanrio, «святая река» в переводе с испанского. Примерно в то же время предприниматель нанял 20 штатных дизайнеров, которые занялись продумыванием персонажей.

Тогда у Sanrio ещё не было собственного производства. Компания закупала готовую продукцию (от аксессуаров до предметов гардероба) и наносила на них принты с изображениями героев. Позже ситуация менялась, к 2010-м Sanrio выпускала фирменные вещи.

Изначально Цудзи ставил на лицензии: сторонние компании покупали права на использование героев Sanrio в своих товарах. Так компания охватывала большую аудиторию и меньше рисковала деньгами.

Как появилась Hello Kitty

Sanrio создала Китти в 1974 году. Идею придумала дизайнер Юко Симидзу, реализовать её помогла и Юко Ямагути.

Первым продуктом с изображением Hello Kitty стал кошелёк. Персонаж не сразу стал популярным: Юко говорила, что в Sanrio просто не знали, как продвигать героя.

Ямагути пришла в команду Китти после ухода Симидзу, её задачей было украсить образ героини. Позже она объясняла, что черпала вдохновение в книге «Алиса в стране чудес»: «В сказке есть Чеширский кот, мы хотели сделать Китти похожей на него».

По задумке Sanrio, Китти Уайт жила вместе с родителями и сестрой-близняшкой в Лондоне. Ямагути рассказывала, почему героиня связана именно с этим городом: «На тот момент многие японки мечтали о переезде в Великобританию. Поэтому мы сделали из Китти английскую девочку».

Приставка «Hello» в названии подчеркивает доброжелательность и открытость. У Китти нет рта, что делает её универсальной в плане эмоций, объясняют в компании. Дизайнеры Sanrio пробовали подрисовать Китти рот, но это не понравилось фанатам.

В 1999 году New York Times так писало об успехе Китти:

В 1998 году продажи Sanrio оценивались в $1 млрд. Чтобы поддерживать интерес к Китти, Ямагути работала над новыми образами кошечки: поклонники жаловались на внешнее однообразие, и дизайнер устраняла этот минус.

В следующие 20 лет Китти оставалась самым успешным брендом Sanrio. В 2015 году CNN со ссылкой на аналитиков писало: Hello Kitty приносит Sanrio почти 75% ежегодной операционной прибыли, которая составляет около $142 млн.

По данным Entrepreneur на 2019-й, продажи товаров под брендом Hello Kitty принесли компании около $80 млрд за всё время работы.

Причину популярности Китти объяснила профессор антропологии Гавайского университета и автор книги о Hello Kitty Кристин Яно: «Все просто — это самый универсальный продукт в истории. Он понравится и пятилетнему потребителю, и 15-летнему, и 50-летнему. Это машина по получению прибыли».

За несколько лет Китти проникла в поп-культуру: по ней рисовали комиксы, снимали мультики. В 2008 году правительство Японии выбрало Китти дипломатическим посланником страны и сделало её символом культуры и туризма.

Не только Китти: ленивый желток Гудетама, злодей Гуроми и другие персонажи Sanrio

За время работы Sanrio создала более 400 героев. Компания почти не тратит деньги на их рекламу.

Одного из самых популярных за пределами Японии героев зовут Гудетама — это грустное яйцо, символизирующее усталость и пессимизм. Гудетама не любит работать и всё время устает. В Sanrio его сравнивают с представителями современного общества, которые впадают в отчаяние в тяжёлые времена.

Гудетама — второй по популярности персонаж Sanrio. У него есть аккаунт в Twitter с 1 млн подписчиков — это больше, чем у остальных персонажей компании (у Hello Kitty — 170 тысяч).

Проблемы современности отражает не только ленивое яйцо Гудетама, считают в компании. Стресс и невысказанное раздражение олицетворяет Агрецуко — красная панда с проблемами с контролем гнева.

У Sanrio есть и другие персонажи, которые популярны в Японии, но не очень известны за рубежом. В компании в разное время придумали собственного злодея, лучшего друга Hello Kitty, лягушонка, живущего в пончиковом пруду.

В разное время Sanrio выпускала совместные коллекции с Polaroid, Levi’s, Fender, Dr. Martens, производителем автомобилей Smart и другими. В коллаборациях герои Sanrio примеряли облики Наруто и Симпсонов, появлялись на бортах самолётов и автобусов, а также на разной одежде и обуви.

Новый глава Sanrio, который младше Hello Kitty

В 2020 году Sanrio отпраздновала 60-летие. В июне 92-летний Синтаро Цудзи ушёл с поста генерального директора компании. В компании впервые сменился руководитель — новым главой стал 34-летний внук основателя Томокуни Цудзи.

Из-за пандемии Covid-19 продажи товаров и лицензионные отчисления, которые получала Sanrio, упали, отмечает CNN. В 2019 финансовом году, закончившемся марте, чистая прибыль упала на 95% год к году, до $1,8 млн. В Sanrio объяснили это закрытием магазинов и тематических парков.

По данным на ноябрь 2020 года, рыночная капитализация Sanrio составляет около 158 млрд иен, или $1,5 млрд.

В конце 1975 года компания создала персонажей Little Twin Stars и My Melody, которые и сегодня пользуются огромной популярностью. С тех пор и до настоящего времени компания Sanrio распространяла влияние по всему миру, открыв штаб-квартиры в Европе и Северной Америке. С 1977 года на лейбле Sanrio films компания начинала создавать полнометражные аниме и сериалы, основанные на своих персонажах.

Также компания открыла два тематических парков: Puroland в городе Тама(префектура Токио) и Harmonyland в городе Оита(префектура Оита).

Компания хотела сделать Hello Kitty уникальной, а поскольку в то время японцы были одержимы западной культурой, кошечке дали имя Китти Уайт. По сюжету аниме-сериала Hello Kitty and Friends(1987 – настоящее время) Китти живёт в Лондоне вместе со своей сестрой-близнецом Мимми и родителями Джорджем и Мэри. Интересно, что у неё есть свой собственный питомец по имени Чарми Китти, поэтому некоторые люди утверждают, что Китти на самом деле девушка, которая только выглядит как кошка.

Hello Kitty (moon. ハローキティ, Harō Kiti, рус. Превед киска) — японская расовая серия мерчандайза. Состоит из KAWAII и NYA чуть более, чем полностью. В интернетах же в основном популярны пародии, коих уже более 9000.

О няке[править]

Няку Китти придумал в 1974 году некто Синтаро Цудзи, владелец японской фирмы игрушек «Sanrio», человек и пароход. В процессе внутреннего флюродроса ему явилось, что он был избран для цели удумать нового персонажа, который понравился бы всем. В результате долгой работы появился идеальный герой. Японец нашел!

Популярность Китти постоянно росла, но в конце 80-х достигла максимума, и продажи начали падать. Покупателей попросту заебала Китти, ее поза, ее синий комбинезон и толстый черный контур около няки. Когда вся «Sanrio» собралась совершить сеппуку по факту такого позора, милая японская дизайнер Ямагути Юко решила изменить этот заебавший образ. Теперь черный контур убрали, и Китти появляется в разной одежде и с разными предметами в лапках.

Также у Китти есть семья — папа, мама, бабушка, дедушка и сестренка Мимми, у которой бантик на правом ухе, чтоб не путать с Китти, а также хомячок Sugar.

В Педивикии есть информация о наличии даже пулемётов с Китти. Спасайтесь, японцы идут в отаку!

В 2009 году появляется Viruskitty… Создатели вирусов в ужасе, антивирусов — в шоке. Уже от одной только коробки. Раньше это были USB-флешки, социальные сети, сумочки, кошелёчки, часики, зарядки для телефонов и ноутбуки. Теперь Hello Kitty хочет защитить пользователей от вирусов. Посмотрите на нее, уже страшно?

В Китае вышли антивирус и файерволл под маркой «Hello Kitty», доступные пока только на китайском языке и продающиеся только в Китае.

Алсо, по некоторым данным, Hello Kitty не кошка, а обыкновенная британская школьница, и поэтому ходит исключительно на задних лапах.

Анна Франк[править]

Также существует версия, что Hello Kitty — это приветствие, которым пользовалась ЕРЖ Анна Франк, общаясь со своим воображаемым другом, когда вела свою дняфку, скрываясь от кровавой нацни^[1].

В музыке[править]

Расовая американская корпорация «Fender» недавно замутила кавайную линеечку своих сракокастеров под названием «Hello Kitty Stratocaster»^[2], которую ПеАРил «Linkin Park», в частности — рэпер ртом и чесальщик струн руками Майк Шинода. На гитаре изображено — что бы вы думали? Правильно. Также, гитарки имеют характерные черные и розовые цвета.

В ноябре 2013 года агрессивный натиск на японский музыкальный рынок организовала Аврил Лавин. Жанр составил какую-то гремучую смесь корейского попа, рэпа и прочих малоизученных направлений. Особенно убил неподготовленную публику пролог: «Ка-ка-ка-кавайи.»

Алсо сабж является любимым мультсериалом у Вокалоида Некомуры Ирохи.

Собственно, Китти[править]

Пародии[править]

Ссылки[править]

• Трудовой подвиг ради Kitty

См. также[править]

• My Little Pony
• КИСА КУКУ

Примечания[править]

МММММММММММММММММММММЯУ!
Коты:	Кошки • Котаны • Без кота и жизнь не та • Маленький русский кот Чмоня • Большой русский кот Шлёпа • Котенька • Кот • Шкафный Кот • Гарфилд • Hello Kitty • Гарфилд • Кот Гиасс • Котик Бобби • Кот Саймона • Кот Шрёдингера • Котомальчик • Котопёс • Котэ • Кошка Шойгу • ЛевЪ (в пустыне) • Манул • Нека • Непотопляемый Сэм • Няата и Няака • Нянкот • Скотина Ненужная • Танака-нэко • Том и Джерри • Фафыга • Шотакот • Кот-наркокурьер • Кошки в космосе • Андская кошка
Lolcats:	Basement Cat • Burger the Angry Cat • Ceiling Cat • EMPEROR OF CATKIND • Happycat • Keyboard Cat • Kitty cat dance • Limecat • Octocat • Serious Cat • Вайп киттен • Длиннокот • Монорельсовый кот • Кот под лампой
О котах:	A cat is fine too • God kills a kitten • NEDM • That Fucking Cat • Бабка и кот • Гламурное кисо • Говорящие коты • КИСА КУКУ • Кот бы говорил • Кошачий концерт • Кошачье дело • Маска-тян • Ня • Ня, смерть! • Няшные котики • Плоские прямоугольные коты • Субкота • Хатуль мадан • Я и моя сраная кошка • Выгуливание кота • Вы рыбов продаёте • Уиллоу (кошка) • Манеки-неко • Бездомные кошки • Тиёми Хасигути • Oh Long Johnson • Кошачий отель • Наташа вставай • Спаси кота тред • CAT5 (уязвимость)

В Японии есть много чего — и аниме, и осадки от атома
Мета	Япония • Вап
Язык	Гуро • Десу • Иероглиф • Именные суффиксы • Ковай • Мунспик • Нанодесу • Ня • Система Поливанова
Культура	AMV • J-Rock • MAD • Paper Child • Айкидо • Аниме • Дзен • Дорама • Кавай • Косплей • Манга • Оригами • Синтоизм • Три обезьяны • Хагакурэ • Эроге
Типажи	Камикадзе • Лоли • Ниндзя • ОЯШ • Отаку • Самурай • Хикки
Люди	Hard Gay • Magibon • Zoomjap • Сатоси Кон • Лэйдзи Мацумото • Митрополит Токийский Даниил • Хаяо Миядзаки • Невада-тян • Хироо Онода • Макото Синкай • Тиёми Хасигути
Продукция	Action • Dance Dance Revolution • Guilty Gear • IOSYS • Hello Kitty • MSX • Resident Evil • Silent Hill • Subaru • VHS • Бичпакет • Караоке • Катана • Консоли • Суши • Тамагочи • Фингербокс • Фугу
Интернеты	/ja/ • Lolifox • OS-tan • Ruby • Sage • Yaranaika • Гайдзин ёнкома • Длиннокот • Имиджборд (2channel • Futaba) • Канакапча • Моэ-антропоморфизм • Оэкаки • Педобир
Прочее	Geddan • Hole Open Wide • Imaichi-tan • Special Feeling • Аокигахара • Аум Синрикё • Буккакэ • Имдинская война • Курильские острова • Мику Хацуне • Монорельс • Нека (Танака-нэко) • Рулесрач • Русско-японская война • Советско-японские войны • Схватка двух йокодзун • Флаг на Иводзиме • Фукусима 1

Hello Kitty (Kitty White) персонаж японской поп-культуры, маленькая белая кошечка в упрощенной прорисовке. Придумана компанией Sanrio в 1974 году и стала своеобразным мемом. Торговая марка Hello Kitty, зарегистрированная в 1976 году, используется в качестве бренда для многих продуктов, стала главным героем одноимённого аниме сериала, появляется в ролях-камео в других мультфильмах. Игрушки Hello Kitty — популярные в Японии и во всём мире сувениры.

Во время шоу 17 ноября, 2010, Гага разорвала игрушку Hello Kitty, которую ей подкинул фанат во время выступления с песней «Paparazzi», позже она выкинула ее обратно в толпу.

35-я годовщина кампании[]

Фотографы: Markus Klinko and Indrani

Markus Klinko and Indrani/7-15-09

Аксессуары[]

Куклы[]

Дизайнером кукол выступил Юко Ямагути.

Версия Tetsuko’s Room

Inspiration
(29 ноября , 2013)

(1 декабря, 2013)

Благотворительный аукцион TOMODACHI

Цветы[]

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