Как правильно пишется металлика

Морфемный разбор слова:

Однокоренные слова к слову:

металлика

1 Металлика

2 Металлика

См. также в других словарях:

МЕТАЛЛИКА — «МЕТАЛЛИКА» (Metallica), американская рок группа, образована в 1981. Состав: Джеймс Хетфилд (James Hetfield) (р. 3 августа 1963, Лос Анджелес; вокал, ритм гитара), Кирк Хэммет (Kirk Hammett) (р. 18 ноября 1962, Сан Франциско; гитара), Клифф… … Энциклопедический словарь

Металлика — Metallica Metallica … Википедия

Металлика (издательство) — Издательство «Металлика» Тип общество с ограниченной ответственностью Год основания 2003 год Расположение … Википедия

World Magnetic Tour — «World Magnetic Tour» 2010 масштабное мировое турне группы Metallica в поддержку нового за последние 5 лет альбома Death Magnetic (выпущенного в конце 2008). В расписании турне числится Россия. Концерт группы Metallica в Москве состоялся 24 … Википедия

Вукашин Брайич — Основная информация Дата рождения 9 февраля 1984 года … Википедия

Seek and Destroy — «Seek and Destroy» Сингл Metallica из альбома Kill Em All Выпущен 16 июля 1984 Формат промо сингл Записан 10 27 мая 1983 Жанр … Википедия

Брайич, Вукашин — Вукашин Брайич Вукашин Брајић … Википедия

История мира Warhammer 40 — История мира Warhammer 40,000 В Википедии есть проект «Warhammer 40k» … Википедия

МОТОРХЭД — «МОТОРХЭД» (Motorhead), английская хэви метал (см. ХЭВИ МЕТАЛ) группа. Образована в 1975 в Лондоне. Считается одним из классиков жанра. Бессменным лидером группы является ее вокалист и бас гитарист Лемми (Lemmy; наст. Иэн Фрэйзер Килмистер, Ian… … Энциклопедический словарь

Источник

Биография:

Metallica (читается как Метáллика) — американская метал-группа, образованная в 1981 году. Metallica оказала большое влияние на развитие метала и входит (вместе с такими группами как Slayer, Megadeth и Anthrax) в «большую четвёрку трэш-метала». Альбомы Metallica были проданы в общей сложности в количестве более 110 миллионов экземпляров по всему миру, что делает её одним из самых коммерчески успешных металлических коллективов. В 2011 году один из крупнейших журналов о метал-музыке Kerrang! в июньском номере признал Metallica лучшей метал-группой последних 30 лет.

Группа получила сторонников в среде поклонников андеграундной музыки и одобрительные отзывы критиков, выпустив третий студийный альбом Master of Puppets (1986), который сейчас считается «классикой трэш-метала» и который существенно повлиял на дальнейшее развитие этого жанра.

Коммерческий успех пришёл после выпуска пятого альбома The Black Album или «Metallica», который дебютировал на первой строчке чарта Billboard 200. В 2000 году Metallica были в числе музыкальных исполнителей, подавших иск против Napster, в связи с бесплатным распространением материалов, защищённых авторским правом, без разрешения авторов. В результате, была достигнута договорённость, по которой Napster стал платным сервисом. Несмотря на первое место в Billboard 200, альбом St. Anger (2003), Из-за отсутствия гитарных соло, «стального звучания» малого барабана и сырости звучания разочаровал многих фанатов группы. В фильме Some Kind of Monster показан процесс создания St. Anger и отношения между участниками группы в течение этого времени.

Источник

Metallica

Легендарная американская метал-группа “Metallica” была основана в 1981 году в Лос-Анджелесе. Основателями был гитарист и вокалист Джейм Хэтфилд и барабанщик Ларс Ульрих. Название для группы было выбрано случайно, тогда Рон Куинтан попросил ударника придумать название для его нового журнала про метал-группы. Ларс понял, что название “Metallica” отлично подойдет для их коллектива. Группа начала писать свои первые демо-записи, после чего в 1983 году он подписывает контракт с лейблом Megaforce Records. Группа оказала огромное влияние на развитие тяжелой музыки в целом. Она входит в большую четверку треш-метала. В 2009 году коллектив вошел в зал славы рок-н-ролла.

Все альбомы “Metallica” были проданы в общей сложности 100 миллионным экземпляром. Коллектив стал коммерчески-успешным проектом, а поклонники творчества следили за новинками со всего мира. Альбом с одноименным названием считается самым продаваемым, за всю историю метала. Самый первый студийный альбом коллектива с названием “And Justice for All” был выпущен в 1988 году, он был коммерчески успешным, достиг 6 строчку на Billboard 200 и стал первым альбомом группы, который вошел в ТОП 10. В период с 2003 по 2008 год существенно менялось звучание музыки коллектива, исключались сольные партии, а песни имели странную настроенность. В последнем альбоме группы вернула себе свое характерное многослойное звучание.

Коллектив исполняет музыку в стиле трэш-метал и хэви-метал. На их творчество повлияли такие известные группы как Diamond Head и Motorhead. По словам барабанщика, стиль был сложен на 50% с творчества этих замечательных коллективов. Первый успех группа получила в радиоэфире благодаря композициям “Master of Puppets” и “Welcome Home (Sanitarium)”.

Все композиции знаменитой трэш-метал группы “Metallica” доступны на нашем сайте. Вы можете скачать целый альбом или отдельную композицию в лучшем mp3 формате. Слушать любимого исполнителя теперь будет намного интереснее и комфортнее. Будьте первыми! Насладитесь качественным звучанием любимых композиций.

Источник

Metallica

Текст песни с переводом слов Metallica «Nothing else matters» из альбома «Metallica (Black album)» (1991).

Nothing else matters

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
And nothing else matters

Never opened myself this way
Life is ours, we live it our way
All these words I don’t just say
And nothing else matters

Trust I seek and I find in you
Every day for us something new
Open mind for a different view
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
But I know

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
But I know

Never opened myself this way
Life is ours, we live it our way
All these words I don’t just say
And nothing else matters

Trust I seek and I find in you
Every day for us something new
Open mind for a different view
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they say
Never cared for games they play
Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
And I know

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
No nothing else matters

Источник

Перевод песни Nothing else matters (Metallica)

Nothing else matters

Все остальное не важно

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
And nothing else matters

Never opened myself this way
Life is ours, we live it our way
All these words I don’t just say
And nothing else matters

Trust I seek and I find in you
Every day for us something new
Open mind for a different view
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
But I know

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
But I know

Never opened myself this way
Life is ours, we live it our way
All these words I don’t just say
And nothing else matters

Trust I seek and I find in you
Every day for us something new
Open mind for a different view
And nothing else matters

Never cared for what they say
Never cared for games they play
Never cared for what they do
Never cared for what they know
And I know

So close no matter how far
Couldn’t be much more from the heart
Forever trusting who we are
No nothing else matters

Я так близок к истине, что мне уже не важно, как я от неё далёк
Так искренне я еще не говорил
Нужно просто быть самим собой и верить в себя
А всё остальное не важно

Для меня не важно, что делают другие
И мне не важно, что они знают
Главное то, что знаю я

Я так близок к истине, что мне уже не важно, как я от неё далёк
Так искренне я еще не говорил
Нужно просто быть самим собой и верить в себя
А всё остальное не важно

Для меня не важно, что делают другие
И мне не важно, что они знают
Главное то, что знаю я

Для меня не важно, что другие говорят
И мне не важно, какие интриги они плетут
Для меня не важно, что делают другие
И мне не важно, что они знают
Главное то, что знаю я

Я так близок к истине, что мне уже не важно, как я от неё далёк
Так искренне я еще не говорил
Нужно просто быть самим собой и верить в себя
А всё остальное не важно

Источник

Metallica
Metallica in London, England in 2017. From left to right: Lars Ulrich, James Hetfield, Kirk Hammett and Robert Trujillo
Background information
Origin	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres	Heavy metal thrash metal speed metal hard rock
Years active	1981–present
Labels	Megaforce Elektra Vertigo Warner Bros. Blackened
Members	James Hetfield Lars Ulrich Kirk Hammett Robert Trujillo
Past members	Dave Mustaine Ron McGovney Cliff Burton Jason Newsted
Website	metallica.com

Metallica is an American heavy metal band. The band was formed in 1981 in Los Angeles by vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has been based in San Francisco for most of its career.^[1][2] The band’s fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding «big four» bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer. Metallica’s current lineup comprises founding members and primary songwriters Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, and bassist Robert Trujillo. Guitarist Dave Mustaine, who formed Megadeth after being fired from the band, and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.

Metallica first found commercial success with the release of its third album, Master of Puppets (1986), which is cited as one of the heaviest metal albums and the band’s best work. The band’s next album, …And Justice for All (1988), gave Metallica its first Grammy Award nomination. Its fifth album, Metallica (1991), was the band’s first not to root predominantly in thrash metal; it appealed to a more mainstream audience, achieving substantial commercial success and selling more than 16 million copies in the United States to date, making it the best-selling album of the SoundScan era. After experimenting with different genres and directions in subsequent releases, Metallica returned to its thrash metal roots with the release of its ninth album, Death Magnetic (2008), which drew similar praise to that of the band’s earlier albums. This was followed by the band’s tenth studio album, Hardwired… to Self-Destruct (2016), with its eleventh album, 72 Seasons, set for release in 2023.

In 2000, Metallica led the case against the peer-to-peer file sharing service Napster, in which the band and several other artists filed lawsuits against the service for sharing their copyright-protected material without consent, eventually reaching a settlement. Metallica was the subject of the acclaimed 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which documented the troubled production of the band’s eighth album, St. Anger (2003), and the internal struggles within the band at the time. In 2009, Metallica was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The band co-wrote the screenplay for and starred alongside Dane DeHaan in the 2013 concert film Metallica: Through the Never, in which the band performed live against a fictional thriller storyline.

Metallica has released ten studio albums, four live albums (including two performances with the San Francisco Symphony), twelve video albums, one cover album, two extended plays, thirty-seven singles and thirty-nine music videos. The band has won nine Grammy Awards from twenty-three nominations, and its last six studio albums (beginning with Metallica) have consecutively debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. Metallica ranks as one of the most commercially successful bands of all time, having sold more than 125 million albums worldwide as of 2018.^[3] Metallica has been listed as one of the greatest artists of all time by magazines such as Rolling Stone, which ranked the band in 61st place on its list of 100 greatest artists of all time.^[4] As of 2017, Metallica is the third-best-selling music artist since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991,^[5] selling 58 million albums in the United States.^[6]

History

1981–1984: Formation, early years, and Kill ‘Em All

Metallica was formed in Los Angeles in late 1981 when Danish drummer Lars Ulrich placed an advertisement in a Los Angeles newspaper, The Recycler, which read, «Drummer looking for other metal musicians to jam with Tygers of Pan Tang, Diamond Head and Iron Maiden.»^[9] Guitarists James Hetfield and Hugh Tanner of Leather Charm answered the advertisement. Although he had not formed a band, Ulrich asked Metal Blade Records founder Brian Slagel if he could record a song for the label’s upcoming compilation album, Metal Massacre. Slagel accepted, and Ulrich recruited Hetfield to sing and play rhythm guitar.^[9] The band was officially formed on October 28, 1981, five months after Ulrich and Hetfield first met.^[10][11]

The band name came from Ulrich’s friend Ron Quintana, who was brainstorming names for a fanzine and was considering MetalMania or Metallica. After hearing the two names, Ulrich wanted the latter for his band, so he suggested Quintana use MetalMania instead.^[12] Dave Mustaine replied to an advertisement for a lead guitarist; Ulrich and Hetfield recruited him after seeing his expensive guitar equipment. In early 1982, Metallica recorded its first original song, «Hit the Lights», for the Metal Massacre I compilation. Hetfield sang and played both bass and rhythm guitar, while Lars Ulrich played drums and Lloyd Grant was credited with a guitar solo.^[9] Metal Massacre I was released on June 14, 1982; early pressings listed the band incorrectly as «Mettallica», angering the band.^[13] The song generated word of mouth, and the band played its first live performance on March 14, 1982, at Radio City in Anaheim, California, with newly recruited bassist Ron McGovney.^[14] Their first live success came early; they were chosen to open for British heavy metal band Saxon at one gig of their 1982 U.S. tour. This was Metallica’s second gig. Metallica recorded its first demo, Power Metal, whose name was inspired by Quintana’s early business cards in early 1982.

The term «thrash metal» was coined in February 1984 by Kerrang! journalist Malcolm Dome in reference to Anthrax’s song «Metal Thrashing Mad».^[15] Prior to this, Hetfield referred to Metallica’s sound as «power metal». In late 1982, Ulrich and Hetfield attended a show at the West Hollywood nightclub Whisky a Go Go, which featured bassist Cliff Burton in the band Trauma. The two were «blown away» by Burton’s use of a wah-wah pedal and asked him to join Metallica. Hetfield and Mustaine wanted McGovney to leave because they thought he «didn’t contribute anything, he just followed.»^[16] Although Burton initially declined the offer, by the end of the year, he had accepted on the condition that the band move to El Cerrito in the San Francisco Bay Area.^[16] Metallica’s first live performance with Burton was at the nightclub The Stone in March 1983, and the first recording to feature Burton was the Megaforce demo (1983).^[16]

Metallica was ready to record their debut album, but when Metal Blade was unable to cover the cost, they began looking for other options. Concert promoter Jonathan «Jonny Z» Zazula, who had heard the demo No Life ’til Leather (1982), offered to broker a record deal between Metallica and New York City–based record labels. After those record labels showed no interest, Zazula borrowed enough money to cover the recording budget and signed Metallica to his own label, Megaforce Records.^[17]

In May 1983, Metallica traveled to Rochester, New York, to record its debut album, Metal Up Your Ass, which was produced by Paul Curcio.^[18] The other members decided to eject Mustaine from the band because of his drug and alcohol abuse and violent behavior just before the recording sessions on April 11, 1983.^[19] Exodus guitarist Kirk Hammett replaced Mustaine the same afternoon.^[17] Metallica’s first live performance with Hammett was on April 16, 1983, at a nightclub in Dover, New Jersey, called The Showplace;^[16] the support act was Anthrax’s original lineup, which included Dan Lilker and Neil Turbin.^[20] This was the first time the two bands performed live together.^[16]

Mustaine, who went on to form Megadeth, has expressed his dislike for Hammett in interviews, saying Hammett «stole» his job.^[21] Mustaine was «pissed off» because he believes Hammett became popular by playing guitar leads that Mustaine had actually written.^[22] In a 1985 interview with Metal Forces, Mustaine said, «It’s real funny how Kirk Hammett ripped off every lead break I’d played on that No Life ’til Leather tape and got voted No. 1 guitarist in your magazine.»^[23] On Megadeth’s debut album, Killing Is My Business… and Business Is Good! (1985), Mustaine included the song «Mechanix», which Metallica had previously reworked and retitled «The Four Horsemen» on Kill ‘Em All. Mustaine said he did this to «straighten Metallica up» because Metallica referred to Mustaine as a drunk and said he could not play guitar.^[23]

Because of conflicts with its record label and the distributors’ refusal to release an album titled Metal Up Your Ass, the album was renamed Kill ‘Em All. It was released on Megaforce Records in the U.S. and on Music for Nations in Europe, and peaked at number 155 on the Billboard 200 in 1986.^[24][a] Although the album was not initially a financial success, it earned Metallica a growing fan base in the underground metal scene.^[25] To support the release, Metallica embarked on the Kill ‘Em All for One tour with Raven.^[26] In February 1984, Metallica supported Venom on the Seven Dates of Hell tour, during which the bands performed in front of 7,000 people at the Aardschok Festival in Zwolle, Netherlands.^[27]

1984–1986: Ride the Lightning, Master of Puppets, and Burton’s death

Metallica recorded its second studio album, Ride the Lightning, at Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen, Denmark, from February to March 1984. It was released in August 1984 and reached number 100 on the Billboard 200.^[28] A French printing press mistakenly printed green covers for the album, which are now considered collectors’ items. Mustaine received writing credit for «Ride the Lightning» and «The Call of Ktulu».^[27]

Elektra Records A&R director Michael Alago and co-founder of Q-Prime Management Cliff Burnstein attended a Metallica concert in September 1984; they were impressed with the performance, signed Metallica to Elektra and made the band a client of Q-Prime Management.^[29] Metallica’s growing success was such that the band’s British label, Music for Nations, released «Creeping Death» as a limited-edition single, which sold 40,000 copies as an import in the U.S. Two of the three songs on the record – cover versions of Diamond Head’s «Am I Evil?» and Blitzkrieg’s «Blitzkrieg» – appeared on the 1988 Elektra reissue of Kill ‘Em All.^[30] Metallica embarked on its first major European tour with Tank to an average crowd of 1,300. Returning to the U.S., it embarked on a co-headlining tour with W.A.S.P. and support from Armored Saint. Metallica played its largest show at the Monsters of Rock festival at Donington Park, England, on August 17, 1985, with Bon Jovi and Ratt, playing to 70,000 people. At a show in Oakland, California, at the Day on the Green festival, the band played to a crowd of 60,000.^[29]

Metallica’s third studio album, Master of Puppets, was recorded at Sweet Silence Studios from September to December 1985 and released in March 1986. The album reached number 29 on the Billboard 200 and spent 72 weeks on the chart.^[31] It was the band’s first album to be certified Gold on November 4, 1986, and was certified six times Platinum in 2003.^[32] Steve Huey of AllMusic considered the album «the band’s greatest achievement».^[33] Following the release of the album, Metallica supported Ozzy Osbourne on a U.S. tour.^[29] Hetfield broke his wrist while skateboarding; he continued with the tour, performing vocals, with guitar technician John Marshall playing rhythm guitar.^[34]

On September 27, 1986, during the European leg of Metallica’s Damage, Inc. Tour, members drew cards to determine which bunks on the tour bus they would sleep in. Burton won and chose to sleep in Hammett’s bunk. At around sunrise near Dörarp, Sweden, the bus driver lost control and skidded, which caused the bus to overturn several times. Ulrich, Hammett and Hetfield sustained no serious injuries; however, Burton was pinned under the bus and died. Hetfield said:

I saw the bus lying right on him. I saw his legs sticking out. I freaked. The bus driver, I recall, was trying to yank the blanket out from under him to use for other people. I just went, «Don’t fucking do that!» I already wanted to kill the [bus driver]. I don’t know if he was drunk or if he hit some ice. All I knew was, he was driving and Cliff wasn’t alive anymore.^[34]

1986–1994: Newsted joins, …And Justice for All and Metallica

Burton’s death left Metallica’s future in doubt. The three remaining members decided Burton would want them to carry on, and with the Burton family’s blessings, the band sought a replacement.^[35] Roughly 40 people – including Hammett’s childhood friend, Les Claypool of Primus; Troy Gregory of Prong; and Jason Newsted, formerly of Flotsam and Jetsam – auditioned for the band to fill Burton’s spot. Newsted learned Metallica’s entire setlist; after the audition, Metallica invited him to Tommy’s Joynt in San Francisco. Hetfield, Ulrich and Hammett decided on Newsted as Burton’s replacement; his first live performance with Metallica was at the Country Club in Reseda, California. The members initiated Newsted by tricking him into eating a ball of wasabi.^[35] The band finished its tour in February 1987.

After Newsted joined Metallica, the band left their El Cerrito practice space – a suburban house formerly rented by sound engineer Mark Whitaker and dubbed «the Metalli-mansion» – and relocated to the adjacent cities of Berkeley and Albany before eventually settling in the Marin County city of San Rafael, north of San Francisco.^[36][37] In March 1987, Hetfield again broke his wrist while skateboarding, forcing the band to cancel an appearance on Saturday Night Live. In August 1987, an all-covers extended play (EP), titled The $5.98 E.P. — Garage Days Re-Revisited, was released. The EP was recorded in an effort to use the band’s newly constructed recording studio, test Newsted’s talents, and to relieve grief and stress following the death of Burton. A video titled Cliff ‘Em All commemorating Burton’s three years in Metallica was released in 1987; the video included bass solos, home videos and pictures.^[38]

Metallica’s first studio album since Burton’s death, …And Justice for All, was recorded from January to May 1988 and released in September. The album was a commercial success, reaching number 6 on the Billboard 200, and was the band’s first album to enter the top 10.^[28] The album was certified Platinum nine weeks after its release.^[39] There were complaints about the production, however; Steve Huey of AllMusic said Ulrich’s drums were clicking more than thudding, and the guitars «buzz thinly».^[40] To promote the album, Metallica embarked on a tour called Damaged Justice.^[41]

In 1989, Metallica received its first Grammy Award nomination for …And Justice for All in the new Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrument category. Metallica was the favorite to win, but the award was given to Jethro Tull for the album Crest of a Knave.^[42] The award was controversial with fans and the press; Metallica was standing off-stage waiting to receive the award after performing the song «One». Jethro Tull had been advised by its manager not to attend the ceremony because he was expecting Metallica to win.^[42] The award was named in Entertainment Weekly‘s «Grammy’s 10 Biggest Upsets» list.^[43]

Following the release of …And Justice for All, Metallica released its debut music video for the song «One», which the band performed in an abandoned warehouse. The footage was remixed with the film Johnny Got His Gun. Rather than organize an ongoing licensing deal, Metallica purchased the rights to the film. The remixed video was submitted to MTV with an alternative, performance-only version that was held back in case MTV banned the remixed version. MTV accepted the remixed version; the video was viewers’ first exposure to Metallica. In 1999, it was voted number 38 in MTV’s «Top 100 Videos of All Time» countdown^[44] and was featured on the network’s 25th-anniversary edition of ADD Video, which showcased the most popular videos on MTV in the last 25 years.^[45]

In October 1990, Metallica entered One on One Recording’s studio in North Hollywood to record its next album. Bob Rock, who had worked with Aerosmith, The Cult, Bon Jovi and Mötley Crüe, was hired as the producer. Metallica – also known as The Black Album – was remixed three times, cost $1 million (USD), and ended three marriages.^[46] Although the release was delayed until 1991, Metallica debuted at number one in 10 countries, selling 650,000 units in the U.S. during its first week.^[47] The album brought Metallica mainstream attention; it has been certified 16 times Platinum in the U.S., which makes it the 25th-best-selling album in the country.^[48] The making of Metallica and the following tour was documented in A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica. The tour in support of the album, called the Wherever We May Roam Tour, lasted 14 months and included dates in the U.S., Japan and the U.K.^[46] In September 1991, 1.6 million rock music fans converged in Moscow to enjoy the first open-air rock concert to be held in the former Soviet Union; it was part of the Monsters of Rock series.^[49] However, in a June 2020 interview, Lars estimated the attendance at about a half million during their time slot.^[50] In April 1992, Metallica appeared at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert and performed a three-song set.^[51] Hetfield later performed «Stone Cold Crazy» with the remaining members of Queen and Tony Iommi.^[51]

On August 8, 1992, during the co-headlining Guns N’ Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour at the Olympic Stadium in Montreal, Hetfield suffered second- and third-degree burns to his arms, face, hands and legs. There had been some confusion with the new pyrotechnics setup, which resulted in Hetfield walking into a 12-foot (3.7 m) flame during «Fade to Black».^[52] Newsted said Hetfield’s skin was «bubbling like on The Toxic Avenger«.^[53] Metallica returned to the stage 17 days later with guitar technician and Metal Church member John Marshall replacing Hetfield on guitar for the remainder of the tour, although Hetfield was able to sing. Later in 1993, Metallica went on the Nowhere Else to Roam Tour, playing five shows in Mexico City. Live Shit: Binge & Purge, the band’s first box set, was released in November 1993. The collection contains three live CDs, three home videos, and a book filled with riders and letters.^[53]

1994–2001: Load, Reload, Napster controversy and Newsted’s departure

After almost three years of touring to promote Metallica, including a headlining performance at Woodstock ’94, Metallica returned to the studio to write and record its sixth studio album. The band went on a brief hiatus in the summer of 1995 and played a short tour, Escape from the Studio ’95, which comprised three outdoor shows, including a headline show at Donington Park supported by Slayer, Skid Row, Slash’s Snakepit, Therapy? and Corrosion of Conformity. The band spent about a year writing and recording new songs, resulting in the release of Load in 1996. Load debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and ARIA Charts; it was the band’s second number one album.^[28] The cover art, Blood and Semen III, was created by Andres Serrano, who pressed a mixture of his own semen and blood between sheets of plexiglass.^[54] The release marked another change in the band’s musical direction and a new image; the band members’ hair was cut. Metallica headlined the alternative rock festival Lollapalooza festival in mid-1996.^[55][56]

During early production of the album, the band had recorded enough material to fill a double album. It was decided that half of the songs were to be released; the band would continue to work on the remaining songs and release them the following year. This resulted in follow-up album, titled Reload. The cover art was again created by Serrano, this time using a mixture of blood and urine.^[54] Reload, too, debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and reached number two on the Top Canadian Album chart.^[28] Hetfield said in the 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster that the band initially thought some of the songs on these albums were of average quality; these were «polished and reworked» until judged releasable.^[57] To promote Reload, Metallica performed «Fuel» and «The Memory Remains» with Marianne Faithfull on NBC’s Saturday Night Live in December 1997.^[58]

In 1998, Metallica compiled a double album of cover songs, titled Garage Inc. The first disc contained newly recorded covers of songs by Diamond Head, Killing Joke, the Misfits, Thin Lizzy, Mercyful Fate, Black Sabbath and others, and the second disc featured the original version of The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited, which had become a scarce collectors’ item. The album entered the Billboard 200 at number two.^[58][59]

On April 21 and 22, 1999, Metallica recorded two performances with the San Francisco Symphony, which was conducted by Michael Kamen, who had previously worked with producer Rock on «Nothing Else Matters». Kamen approached Metallica in 1991 with the idea of pairing the band’s music with a symphony orchestra. Kamen and his staff of over 100 composed additional orchestral material for Metallica songs. Metallica wrote two new Kamen-scored songs for the event: «No Leaf Clover» and «-Human». The audio recording and concert footage were released in 1999 as the album and concert film S&M. It entered the Billboard 200 at number two and the Australian ARIA charts and Top Internet Albums chart at number one.^[28]

In 2000, Metallica discovered that a demo of its song «I Disappear», which was supposed to be released in combination with the Mission: Impossible II soundtrack, was receiving radio airplay. Tracing the source of the leak, the band found the file on the Napster peer-to-peer file-sharing network and also found that the band’s entire catalogue was freely available.^[60] Metallica filed a lawsuit at the U.S. District Court, Central District of California, alleging that Napster violated three areas of the law: copyright infringement, unlawful use of digital audio interface device and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO).^[61]

Ulrich provided a statement to the Senate Judiciary Committee regarding copyright infringement on July 11, 2000.^[60] Federal Judge Marilyn Hall Patel ordered the site to place a filter on the program within 72 hours or be shut down.^[62] A settlement between Metallica and Napster was reached when German media conglomerate Bertelsmann BMG showed interest in purchasing the rights to Napster for $94 million. Under the terms of settlement, Napster agreed to block users who shared music by artists who do not want their music shared.^[63] On June 3, 2002, Napster filed for Chapter 11 protection under U.S. bankruptcy laws. On September 3, 2002, an American bankruptcy judge blocked the sale of Napster to Bertelsmann and forced Napster to liquidate its assets, according to Chapter 7 of the U.S. bankruptcy laws.^[64]

At the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, Ulrich appeared with host Marlon Wayans in a skit that criticized the idea of using Napster to share music. Wayans played a college student listening to Metallica’s «I Disappear». Ulrich walked in and asked for an explanation, and he responded to Wayans’ excuse that using Napster was just «sharing» by saying that Wayans’ idea of sharing was «borrowing things that were not yours without asking.» He called in the Metallica road crew, who proceeded to confiscate all of Wayans’ belongings, leaving him almost naked in an empty room. Napster creator Shawn Fanning responded later in the ceremony by presenting an award wearing a Metallica shirt that read: «I borrowed this shirt from a friend. Maybe, if I like it, I’ll buy one of my own.» Ulrich was later booed on stage at the award show when he introduced the final musical act, Blink-182.^[65][66]

Newsted left Metallica on January 17, 2001, just as plans were being made to enter the recording studio. He said he left the band for «private and personal reasons, and the physical damage I have done to myself over the years while playing the music that I love.»^[67] During a Playboy interview with Metallica, Newsted said he wanted to release an album with his side project, Echobrain. Hetfield was opposed to the idea and said, «When someone does a side project, it takes away from the strength of Metallica» and that a side project is «like cheating on your wife in a way.»^[55] Newsted said Hetfield had recorded vocals for a song used in the film South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, and appeared on two Corrosion of Conformity albums. Hetfield replied: «My name isn’t on those records. And I’m not out trying to sell them» and raised questions such as, «Where would it end? Does he start touring with it? Does he sell shirts? Is it his band?»^[55]

2001–2006: Some Kind of Monster, St. Anger, and Trujillo joins

In April 2001, filmmakers Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky began following Metallica to document the recording process of the band’s next studio album. Over two years they recorded more than 1,000 hours of footage. On July 19, 2001, before preparations to enter the recording studio, Hetfield entered rehab to treat his «alcoholism and other addictions». All recording plans were put on hold and the band’s future was in doubt.^[68] Hetfield left rehab on December 4, 2001,^[68] and the band returned to the recording studio on April 12, 2002. Hetfield was required to limit his work to four hours a day between noon and 4 pm, and to spend the rest of his time with his family.^[57] The footage recorded by Berlinger and Sinofsky was compiled into the documentary Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2004. In the documentary, Newsted said his former bandmates’ decision to hire a therapist to help solve their problems which he felt they could have solved on their own was «really fucking lame and weak».^[57]

In June 2003, Metallica’s eighth studio album, St. Anger, debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, and drew mixed reactions from critics. Ulrich’s «steely» sounding snare drum and the absence of guitar solos received particular criticism.^[69] Kevin Forest Moreau of Shakingthrough.net said, «the guitars stumble in a monotone of mid-level, processed rattle; the drums don’t propel as much as struggle to disguise an all-too-turgid pace; and the rage is both unfocused and leavened with too much narcissistic navel-gazing».^[70] Brent DiCrescenzo of Pitchfork described it as «an utter mess».^[71] However, Blender magazine called it the «grimiest and grimmest of the band’s Bob Rock productions», and New York Magazine called it «utterly raw and rocking».^[72] The title track, «St. Anger», won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 2004; it was used as the official theme song for WWE’s SummerSlam 2003.^[73]

For the duration of St. Anger‘s recording period, producer Bob Rock played bass on the album and in several live shows at which Metallica performed during that time.^[57] Once the record was completed, the band started to hold auditions for Newsted’s permanent replacement. Bassists Pepper Keenan, Jeordie White, Scott Reeder, Eric Avery, Danny Lohner, and Chris Wyse—among others—auditioned for the role. After three months of auditions, Robert Trujillo, formerly of Suicidal Tendencies and Ozzy Osbourne’s band, was chosen as the new bassist.^[57] Newsted, who had joined Canadian thrash metal band Voivod by that time, was Trujillo’s replacement in Osbourne’s band during the 2003 Ozzfest tour, which included Voivod.^[74]

Before the band’s set at the 2004 Download Festival, Ulrich was rushed to the hospital after having an anxiety seizure and was unable to perform.^[75] Hetfield searched for last-minute volunteers to replace Ulrich. Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo and Slipknot drummer Joey Jordison volunteered. Lombardo performed «Battery» and «The Four Horsemen», Ulrich’s drum technician Flemming Larsen performed «Fade to Black», and Jordison performed the remainder of the set.^[76] Having toured for two years in support of St. Anger on the Summer Sanitarium Tour 2003 and the Madly in Anger with the World Tour, with multi-platinum rock band Godsmack in support, Metallica took a break from performing and spent most of 2005 with friends and family. The band opened for The Rolling Stones at SBC Park in San Francisco on November 13 and 15, 2005.^[77]

2006–2013: Death Magnetic and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction

In February 2006, Metallica announced on its official website that after 15 years, long-time producer Bob Rock would not be producing the band’s next studio album. Instead, the band chose to work with producer Rick Rubin.^[78] Around the same time, a petition signed by 1,500 fans was posted online in an attempt to encourage the band to prohibit Rock from producing Metallica albums, saying he had too much influence on the band’s sound and musical direction. Rock said the petition hurt his children’s feelings; he said, «sometimes, even with a great coach, a team keeps losing. You have to get new blood in there.»^[79]

In December 2006, Metallica released a DVD titled The Videos 1989–2004, which sold 28,000 copies in its first week and entered the Billboard Top Videos chart at number three.^[80] Metallica recorded a guitar-based interpretation of Ennio Morricone’s «The Ecstasy of Gold» for a tribute album titled We All Love Ennio Morricone, which was released in February 2007. The track received a Grammy nomination at the 50th Grammy Awards for the category «Best Rock Instrumental Performance».^[81] A recording of «The Ecstasy of Gold» has been played to introduce Metallica’s performances since the 1980s.^[82]

Metallica scheduled the release of the album Death Magnetic as September 12, 2008, and the band filmed a music video for the album’s first single, «The Day That Never Comes». On September 2, 2008, a record store in France began selling copies of Death Magnetic nearly two weeks before its scheduled worldwide release date,^[83] which resulted in the album being made available on peer-to-peer clients. This prompted the band’s UK distributor Vertigo Records to officially release the album on September 10, 2008. Rumors of Metallica or Warner Bros. taking legal action against the French retailer were unconfirmed, though drummer Lars Ulrich responded to the leak by saying, «…We’re ten days from release. I mean, from here, we’re golden. If this thing leaks all over the world today or tomorrow, happy days. Happy days. Trust me»,^[84] and, «By 2008 standards, that’s a victory. If you’d told me six months ago that our record wouldn’t leak until 10 days out, I would have signed up for that.»^[85]

Death Magnetic debuted at number one in the U.S., selling 490,000 units; Metallica became the first band to have five consecutive studio albums debut at number one in the history of the Billboard 200.^[86] A week after its release, Death Magnetic remained at number one on the Billboard 200 and the European album chart; it also became the fastest selling album of 2008 in Australia.^[87] Death Magnetic remained at number one on the Billboard 200 album chart for three consecutive weeks. Metallica was one of two artists whose album—the other being Jack Johnson’s album Sleep Through the Static—remained on the Billboard 200 for three consecutive weeks at number one in 2008. Death Magnetic also remained at number one on Billboard‘s Hard Rock, Modern Rock/Alternative and Rock album charts for five consecutive weeks. The album reached number one in 32 countries outside the U.S., including the UK, Canada, and Australia.^[88][89] In November 2008, Metallica’s record deal with Warner Bros. ended and the band considered releasing its next album through the internet.^[90][91]

On January 14, 2009, it was announced that Metallica would be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 4, 2009,^[92] and that former bassist Jason Newsted—who left the band in 2001—would perform with the band at the ceremony.^[93] Initially, it was announced that the matter had been discussed and that bassist Trujillo had agreed not to play because he «wanted to see the Black Album band».^[94] However, during the band’s set of «Master of Puppets» and «Enter Sandman», both Trujillo and Newsted were on stage.^[95] Ray Burton, father of the late Cliff Burton, accepted the honor on his behalf. Although he was not to be inducted with them, Metallica invited Dave Mustaine to take part in the induction ceremony. Mustaine declined because of his touring commitments in Europe.^[96]

Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth, and Anthrax performed on the same bill for the first time on June 16, 2010, at Warsaw Babice Airport, Poland, as a part of the Sonisphere Festival series. The show in Sofia, Bulgaria, on June 22, 2010, was broadcast via satellite to cinemas.^[97] The bands also played concerts in Bucharest on June 26, 2010, and Istanbul on June 27, 2010. On June 28, 2010, Death Magnetic was certified double platinum by the RIAA.^[98] Metallica’s World Magnetic Tour ended in Melbourne on November 21, 2010. The band had been touring for more than two years in support of Death Magnetic. To accompany the final tour dates in Australia and New Zealand, a live, limited edition EP of past performances in Australia called Six Feet Down Under was released.^[99] The EP was followed by Six Feet Down Under (Part II), which was released on November 12, 2010.^[100] Part 2 contains a further eight songs recorded during the first two Oceanic Legs of the World Magnetic Tour. On November 26, 2010, Metallica released a live EP titled Live at Grimey’s, which was recorded in June 2008 at Grimey’s Record Store, just before the band’s appearance at Bonnaroo Music Festival that year.^[101][102]

In a June 2009 interview with Italy’s Rock TV, Ulrich said Metallica was planning to continue touring until August 2010, and that there were no plans for a tenth album. He said he was sure the band would collaborate with producer Rick Rubin again.^[103] According to Blabbermouth.net, the band was considering recording its next album in the second half of 2011.^[104] In November 2010, during an interview with The Pulse of Radio, Ulrich said Metallica would return to writing in 2011. Ulrich said, «There’s a bunch of balls in the air for 2011, but I think the main one is we really want to get back to writing again. We haven’t really written since, what, ’06, ’07, and we want to get back to kind of just being creative again. Right now we are going to just chill out and then probably start up again in, I’d say, March or April, and start probably putting the creative cap back on and start writing some songs.»^[105]

On November 9, 2010, Metallica announced it would be headlining the Rock in Rio festival in Rio de Janeiro on September 25, 2011.^[106][107] On December 13, 2010, the band announced it would again play as part of the «big four» during the Sonisphere Festival at Knebworth House, Hertfordshire, on July 8, 2011. It was the first time all of the «big four» members played on the same stage in the UK.^[108] On December 17, 2010, Another «big four» Sonisphere performance that would take place in France on July 9 was announced.^[109] On January 25, 2011, another «big four» performance on April 23, 2011, at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California, was announced. It was the first time all of the «big four» members played on the same stage in the U.S.^[110] On February 17, 2011, a show in Gelsenkirchen, Germany, on July 2, 2011, was announced.^[111] On February 22, a «big four» show in Milan on July 6, 2011, was announced.^[112] On March 2, 2011, another «big four» concert, which took place in Gothenburg on July 3, 2011, was announced.^[113] The final «big four» concert was in New York City, at Yankee Stadium, on September 14, 2011.^[114]

In an interview at the April 2011 Big Four concert, Robert Trujillo said Metallica will work with Rick Rubin again as producer for the new album and were «really excited to write some new music. There’s no shortage of riffage in Metallica world right now.» He added, «The first album with Rick was also the first album for me, so in a lot of ways, you’re kind of testing the water. Now that we’re comfortable with Rick and his incredible engineer, Greg Fidelman, who worked with Slayer, actually, on this last record—it’s my hero—it’s a great team. And it’s only gonna better; I really believe that. So I’m super-excited.»^[115] In June 2011, Rubin said Metallica had begun writing its new album.^[116]

On June 15, 2011, Metallica announced that recording sessions with singer-songwriter Lou Reed had concluded. The album, which was titled Lulu, was recorded over several months and comprised ten songs^[117] based on Frank Wedekind’s «Lulu» plays Earth Spirit and Pandora’s Box.^[118] The album was released on October 31, 2011. The recording of the album was problematic at times; Lars Ulrich later said Lou Reed challenged him to a «street fight».^[119] On October 16, 2011, Robert Trujillo confirmed that the band was back in the studio and writing new material. He said, «The writing process for the new Metallica album has begun. We’ve been in the studio with Rick Rubin, working on a couple of things, and we’re going to be recording during the most of next year.»^[120]

Metallica was due to make its first appearance in India at the «India Rocks» concert, supporting the 2011 Indian Grand Prix.^[121] However, the concert was canceled when the venue was proven to be unsafe.^[122] Fans raided the stage during the event and the organizers were later arrested for fraud.^[123] Metallica made its Indian debut in Bangalore on October 30, 2011.^[124][125] On November 10, it was announced that Metallica would headline the main stage on Saturday June 9, 2012, at the Download Festival at Donington Park and that the band would play The Black Album in its entirety.^[126] Metallica celebrated its 30th anniversary by playing four shows at the Fillmore in San Francisco in December 2011. The shows were exclusive to Met Club members and tickets were charged at $6 each or $19.81 for all four nights. The shows consisted of songs from the band’s career and featured guest appearances by artists who had either helped or had influenced Metallica. These shows were notable because Lloyd Grant, Dave Mustaine, Jason Newsted, Glenn Danzig, Ozzy Osbourne, Jerry Cantrell, Apocalyptica, members of Diamond Head, and King Diamond joined Metallica on stage for all appropriate songs.^[127][128] In December 2011, Metallica began releasing songs that were written for Death Magnetic but were not included on the album online.^[129] On December 13, 2011, the band released Beyond Magnetic, a digital EP release exclusively on iTunes.^[130] It was released on CD in January 2012.^[131]

On February 7, 2012, Metallica announced that it would start a new music festival called Orion Music + More, which took place on June 23 and 24, 2012, in Atlantic City. Metallica also confirmed that it would headline the festival on both days and would perform two of its most critically acclaimed albums in their entirety: The Black Album on one night, and Ride the Lightning on the other.^[132] In a July 2012 interview with Canadian radio station 99.3 The Fox, Ulrich said Metallica would not release its new album until at least early 2014.^[133]

In November 2012, Metallica left Warner Bros. Records and launched an independent record label, Blackened Recordings, which will produce the band’s future releases.^[134][135] The band acquired the rights to all of its studio albums, which were all reissued through the new label. Blackened releases were licensed through Warner subsidiary Rhino Entertainment in North America and internationally through Universal Music.^[136][137] On September 20, 2012, Metallica announced via its official website that a new DVD containing footage of shows it performed in Quebec in 2009 would be released that December; fans would get the chance to vote for two setlists that would appear on the DVD.^[138] The film, titled Quebec Magnetic, was released in the U.S. on December 10, 2012.^[139]

2013–2019: Metallica: Through the Never and Hardwired… to Self-Destruct

In an interview with Classic Rock on January 8, 2013, Ulrich said regarding the band’s upcoming album, «What we’re doing now certainly sounds like a continuation [of Death Magnetic]». He also said, «I love Rick [Rubin]. We all love Rick. We’re in touch with Rick constantly. We’ll see where it goes. It would stun me if the record came out in 2013.»^[140] Also in 2013, the band starred in a 3D concert film titled Metallica: Through the Never, which was directed by Antal Nimród and was released in IMAX theaters on September 27.^[141]

In an interview dated July 22, 2013, Ulrich told Ultimate Guitar, «2014 will be all about making a new Metallica record»; he said the album will most likely be released during 2015.^[142] Kirk Hammett and Robert Trujillo later confirmed the band’s intention to enter the studio.^[143] At the second Orion Music + More festival held in Detroit, the band played under the name «Dehaan»—a reference to actor Dane DeHaan, who starred in Metallica: Through the Never.^[144] The band performed its debut album Kill ‘Em All in its entirety, celebrating the 30th anniversary of its release.^[145]

On December 8, 2013, the band played a show called «Freeze ‘Em All» in Antarctica, becoming the first band to play on all seven continents.^[146] The performance was filmed and released as a live album the same month.^[147]

At the 56th Annual Grammy Awards in January 2014, Metallica performed «One» with Chinese pianist Lang Lang.^[148] In March 2014, Metallica began a tour called «Metallica By Request», in which fans request songs for the band to perform.^[149] A new song, titled «Lords of Summer» was written for the concerts and released as a «first take» demo in June 2014.^[150] In June 2014, the band headlined the Glastonbury Festival in an attempt to attract new fans. Ulrich said, «We have one shot, you never know if you’ll be invited back».^[151] In November 2014, Metallica performed at the closing ceremony of BlizzCon 2014.^[152] In January 2015, Metallica announced a «Metallica Night» with the San Jose Sharks, which featured a Q&A session with the band and a charity auction benefiting the San Francisco Bay Chapter of the Sierra Club, but no performances.^[153] They were announced to headline Lollapalooza in March 2015, returning to perform there for the first time in 20 years.^[154] On May 2, 2015, Metallica performed their third annual Metallica Day at AT&T Park.^[155] Metallica were also announced to play at X Games for the first time at X Games Austin 2015 in Austin, Texas.^[156] On June 14, 2015, Hetfield and Hammett performed The Star-Spangled Banner live via electric guitars prior to game 5 of the NBA Finals between the Cleveland Cavaliers and Golden State Warriors at Oracle Arena in Oakland, California.^{[157][158][159]} In late October, the band unveiled a new website with an introduction from Ulrich containing footage from the studio of the band working on new material.^[160] On November 2, Metallica were announced to play «The Night Before» Super Bowl 50 at AT&T Park.^[161] Metallica announced they would be opening the U.S. Bank Stadium on August 20, 2016, with Avenged Sevenfold and Volbeat as support.

In April 2016, during the week leading up to Record Store Day, for which the band was its ambassador for 2016, Ulrich told Billboard that the band’s expanded role within the music industry had played a part in the amount of time that it had taken to write and record the album. «The way we do things now is very different than the way we did things back in the days of Kill ‘Em All and Ride the Lightning. Nowadays we like to do so many different things.» Ulrich was also optimistic that production of the album had almost reached its completion. «Unless something radical happens it would be difficult for me to believe that it won’t come out in 2016».^[162] On August 18, 2016, the band announced via their website that their tenth studio album, Hardwired… to Self-Destruct, would be released worldwide on November 18, 2016, via their independent label, Blackened Recordings. They also unveiled the track listing, album artwork, and released a music video for the album’s first single, «Hardwired».^[163] The album was released as scheduled^[164] and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.^[165]

Metallica announced they would be touring the US and Canada in summer of 2017 for the WorldWired Tour. The stadium tour also includes Avenged Sevenfold, Volbeat and Gojira as supporting acts.^[166] On August 7, 2017, Metallica was invited by the San Francisco Giants again for the fifth annual «Metallica Night» with Hammett and Hetfield performing the national anthem.^[167] In January 2018, the band announced that they would be reissuing The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited on April 13 for Record Store Day,^[168] and the sixth annual «Metallica Night» was also announced a few weeks later, this time in April, with all proceeds going to the All Within My Hands Foundation, which the band created in late 2017.^[169] In February 2018, the band announced a second set of North American tour dates, most of which for cities that they had not visited in up to thirty years.^[170]

2019–present: Further activity and 72 Seasons

In an interview with Australian magazine The Music‘s official podcast in March 2019, Trujillo said that Metallica had begun jamming on new material for its next studio album. «I’m excited about the next record because I believe it will also be a culmination of the two [previous] records and another journey. There’s no shortage of original ideas, that’s the beauty of being in this band.» He estimated that the album would be released «a lot sooner than the previous two did… this time around I think we’ll be able to jump on it a lot quicker and jump in the studio and start working. We’ve all vowed to get this one going sooner than later.»^[171] In an interview with Australian magazine Mixdown the following month, Hammett said that the band had tentative plans to enter the studio after the conclusion of its WorldWired Tour. He stated, «We’re in our third year since Hardwired. Maybe we can get a bit more focus and go into the studio a bit sooner.» After not contributing any writing to Hardwired… to Self-Destruct, Hammett said regarding his ideas for the new album, «I have a ton of material. I’ve over-compensated, so I’m ready to go anytime.»^[172]

In March 2019, Metallica announced that its WorldWired Tour would continue into Australia and New Zealand in October with Slipknot in support.^[173][174] Later that month, the band announced that it would perform at the grand opening of San Francisco’s new Chase Center with the San Francisco Symphony in September to celebrate the twenty-year anniversary of S&M.^[175] The commemorative shows, titled S&M2, were screened in more than 3,000 theaters worldwide on October 9;^[176][177] the event featured arrangements from the original S&M concerts as well as new arrangements for songs recorded since then^[176][177] and a cover of the Alexander Mosolov piece Iron Foundry,^[178] and were conducted by Edwin Outwater and San Francisco Symphony music director Michael Tilson Thomas.^[179] S&M2 went on to earn $5.5 million at the box office, making it the biggest global rock event cinema release of all time; a second screening was later announced for October 30 as a result.^{[180][181][182]} In August 2020, the band announced that they would release the S&M2 performances as an album, DVD and box set.^[183][184]

In July 2019, Metallica announced a set of South American tour dates for April 2020 with Greta Van Fleet in support.^[185][186] In September, ahead of that year’s Global Citizen Festival, it was announced that Metallica would perform at the following year’s festival in September 2020 alongside artists such as Billie Eilish, Miley Cyrus and Coldplay, in what would be the final event of Global Poverty Project’s year-long Global Goal Live: The Possible Dream campaign.^[187] The following day, on September 27, Metallica announced that Hetfield had re-entered a rehabilitation program and that its Australia/New Zealand tour would be postponed.^{[188][189][190]} In a statement by Ulrich, Hammett and Trujillo, the band spoke of the devastation of the news, saying that Hetfield «[had] been struggling with addiction on and off for many years» and that all tickets would be fully refunded.^{[188][189][190]} Ulrich later added that Hetfield was «in the process of healing himself», and that the band hoped to return to Australia and New Zealand in 2020.^[191] The band’s other commitments, including a benefit concert in March 2020, were still expected to continue as planned;^[188] a further five US festival appearances were announced in October.^[192] These shows were later postponed or cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to support Hetfield’s recovery.^[193][194]

In March 2020, the band began a series on YouTube and Facebook called #MetallicaMondays, where they streamed full archived shows every Monday to relieve boredom while staying home and social distancing amid the pandemic.^[195][196] In May 2020, while in quarantine, Metallica performed a virtual acoustic version of «Blackened»,^[197] titled «Blackened 2020», which was later made available for download.^[198]

In an interview with Marc Benioff in April 2020, Ulrich stated that Metallica could work on its next studio album while in quarantine.^[199] Trujillo told The Vinyl Guide in June that the band was «excited about cultivating new ideas» for its new album. «We communicate every week, which is really great, so we have our connection intact […] what we’ve started doing is basically just really concentrating on our home studios and being creative from our homes and navigating through ideas and building on new ideas. And that’s where we’re at right now». He also said that the band was working towards eventually entering a studio to record the album.^[200]

On August 10, 2020, Metallica played a show at Gundlach-Bundschu Winery in Sonoma, California, which was only attended by a few crew members, and it was recorded and played for drive-in movies across the U.S. and Canada on August 29.^[201]

In May 2021, the band announced that they would do one more #MetallicaMondays on May 24 to benefit their All Within My Hands Foundation.^[202] The concert dates to September 6, 2018, in Lincoln, Nebraska.^[202] On Labor Day, September 6, 2021, the band’s All Within My Hands Foundation raised $377,450. Metallica teamed up with workwear brand Carhartt on the initiative, with the clothing brand donating all of their sales proceeds on the holiday to the band’s Metallica Scholars initiative, which provides opportunities to people interested in pursuing essential workforce jobs.^[203]

On November 28, 2022, the band released the single «Lux Æterna» and announced their eleventh studio album 72 Seasons is slated for release on April 14, 2023.^[204] On January 19, 2023, Metallica released another single titled «Screaming Suicide».^[205]

Style and lyrical themes

Metallica’s sound has been described as heavy metal,^{[206][207][208][209][210]} thrash metal,^{[206][209][210]} speed metal,^{[206][210][211]} hard rock,^[206] and hardcore punk.^[210] Metallica was influenced by early heavy metal and hard rock bands and artists Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Kiss, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Ted Nugent, AC/DC, Rush, Aerosmith, Judas Priest^[212] and by new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) bands Raven,^[213] Venom, Motörhead, Saxon, Diamond Head, Blitzkrieg, and Iron Maiden as well as European bands Scorpions,^[212] Accept^[214] and Mercyful Fate.^[215] Early punk rock bands Ramones, Sex Pistols, and the Misfits also influenced Metallica’s style as did post-punk band Killing Joke^[216] and hardcore punk acts Discharge,^[217] GBH^[218] and Suicidal Tendencies.^[219] Lars Ulrich has cited Iron Maiden as probably the biggest influence on Metallica’s career.^[220] The band’s early releases contained fast tempos, harmonized leads, and nine-minute instrumental tracks. Steve Huey of AllMusic said Ride the Lightning featured «extended, progressive epics; tight, concise groove-rockers».^[221] Huey said Metallica expanded its compositional technique and range of expression to take on a more aggressive approach in following releases, and lyrics dealt with personal and socially conscious issues.^[221] Religious and military leaders, rage, insanity, monsters, and drugs—among other themes—were explored on Master of Puppets.^[222]

In 1991, Huey said Metallica with new producer Bob Rock simplified and streamlined its music for a more commercial approach to appeal to mainstream audiences.^[223] Robert Palmer of Rolling Stone said the band abandoned its aggressive, fast tempos to expand its music and expressive range.^[224] The change in direction proved commercially successful; Metallica was the band’s first album to peak at number one on the Billboard 200. Metallica noticed changes to the rock scene created by the grunge movement of the early 1990s. In Load—an album that has been described as having «an almost alternative rock» approach—the band changed musical direction again and focused on non-metal influences.^[225] Metallica’s new lyrical approach moved away from drugs and monsters, and focused on anger, loss, and retribution. Some fans and critics were not pleased with this change, which included haircuts, the cover art of Load, and headlining the Lollapalooza festival of 1996.^[56] David Fricke of Rolling Stone described the move as «goodbye to the moldy stricture and dead-end Puritanism of no-frills thrash», and called Load the heaviest record of 1996.^[56] With the release of ReLoad in 1997, the band displayed blues and early hard rock influences, incorporating more rhythm and harmony in song structures.^[225]

St. Anger marked another large change in the band’s sound. Guitar solos were excluded from the album, leaving a «raw and unpolished sound».^[72] The band used drop C tuning; Ulrich’s snare drum received particular criticism. New York Magazine‘s Ethan Brown said it «reverberates with a thwong». The album’s lyrics deal with Hetfield’s drug rehabilitation and include references to the devil, anti-drug themes, claustrophobia, impending doom, and religious hypocrisy.^[226][227] At the advice of producer Rick Rubin, for its ninth studio album Death Magnetic, the band returned to standard tuning and guitar solos.^[228] As a return to Metallica’s thrash roots, Death Magnetic was a riff-oriented album featuring intense guitar solos and subtle lyrics dealing with suicide and redemption.^[229]

Legacy and influence

Metallica has become one of the most influential heavy metal bands of all time and is credited as one of the «big four» of thrash metal, along with Slayer, Anthrax, and Megadeth.^[230] The band has sold more than 125 million records worldwide,^[3] including an RIAA-certified 66 million and Nielsen SoundScan-reported 58,000,000 in the US, making Metallica one of the most commercially successful bands of all time.^[231][232] The writers of The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll said Metallica gave heavy metal «a much-needed charge».^[233] Stephen Thomas Erlewine and Greg Prato of Allmusic said Metallica «expanded the limits of thrash, using speed and volume not for their own sake, but to enhance their intricately structured compositions», and called the band «easily the best, most influential heavy metal band of the ’80s, responsible for bringing the music back to Earth».^[234]

Jonathan Davis of Korn said he respects Metallica as his favorite band; he said, «I love that they’ve done things their own way and they’ve persevered over the years and they’re still relevant to this day. I think they’re one of the greatest bands ever.»^[235] Godsmack drummer Shannon Larkin said Metallica has been the biggest influence on the band, stating, «they really changed my life when I was 16 years old—I’d never heard anything that heavy».^[236] Chuck Billy of Testament has also cited Metallica as an influence on the band, as well as Hetfield as «an inspiration with clever lyrics»; he added, «When I first started hearing Metallica it was something new to me the way his cadence of vocal styles sang to the music.»^[237][238] Vocalist and guitarist Robb Flynn of Machine Head said that when creating the band’s 2007 album, The Blackening, «What we mean is an album that has the power, influence and epic grandeur of that album Master of Puppets—and the staying power—a timeless record like that».^[239] Gojira lead guitarist Christian Andreu said it was while listening to Ride the Lightning that he started making music; saying «we find on the album ‘Fade to Black’, ‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’, emblematic pieces».^[240] Trivium guitarists Corey Beaulieu and Matt Heafy said that when they heard Metallica they wanted to start playing guitar.^[241][242] M. Shadows of Avenged Sevenfold said touring with Metallica was the band’s career highlight, and said, «Selling tons of records and playing huge shows will never compare to meeting your idols Metallica«.^[243] God Forbid guitarists Doc and Dallas Coyle were inspired by Metallica as they grew up, and the band’s bassist John Outcalt admires Burton as a «rocker».^[244] Ill Niño drummer Dave Chavarri said he finds early Metallica releases are «heavy, raw, rebellious. It said, ‘fuck you'»,^[245] and Adema drummer Kris Kohls said the band is influenced by Metallica.^[246]

On April 4, 2009, Metallica were inducted into the Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame. They entered the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the second year they were eligible and first year they were nominated. Metallica’s induction into the Hall included its current lineup, James Hetfield, Kirk Hammett, Robert Trujillo, and Lars Ulrich, and former members Jason Newsted and Cliff Burton.^[247]

MTV ranked Metallica the third «Greatest Heavy Metal Band in History».^[235] Metallica was ranked 42nd on VH1’s «100 Greatest Artists of All Time»,^[248] was listed fifth on VH1’s «100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock»,^[249] and the band was number one on VH1’s «20 Greatest Metal Bands» list.^[250] Rolling Stone placed the band 61st on its list of «The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time»;^[251] its albums Master of Puppets and Metallica were ranked at numbers 167 and 252 respectively on the magazine’s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.^[252] Master of Puppets was named in Q Magazine‘s «50 Heaviest Albums of All Time»,^[253] and was ranked number one on IGN’s «Top 25 Metal Albums»,^[254] and number one on Metal-rules.com’s «Top 100 Heavy Metal Albums» list.^[255] «Enter Sandman» was ranked number 399 on Rolling Stone‘s «500 Greatest Songs of All Time».^[256]

Kerrang! released a tribute album titled Master of Puppets: Remastered with the April 8, 2006, edition of the magazine to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Master of Puppets. The album featured cover versions of Metallica songs by Machine Head, Bullet for My Valentine, Chimaira, Mastodon, Mendeed, and Trivium—all of which are influenced by Metallica. At least 15 Metallica tribute albums have been released. On September 10, 2006, Metallica guest starred on The Simpsons‘ eighteenth-season premiere, «The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer».^[257] Hammett’s and Hetfield’s voices were used in three episodes of the animated television series Metalocalypse.^[258] Finnish cello metal band Apocalyptica released a tribute album titled Plays Metallica by Four Cellos, which features eight Metallica songs played on cellos. A parody band named Beatallica plays music using a combination of The Beatles and Metallica songs. Beatallica faced legal troubles when Sony, which owns The Beatles’ catalog, issued a cease and desist order, claiming «substantial and irreparable injury» and ordering the group to pay damages. Ulrich, a fan of Beatallica, asked Metallica’s lawyer Peter Paterno to help settle the case.^[259]

On March 7, 1999, Metallica was inducted into the San Francisco Walk of Fame. The mayor of San Francisco, Willie Brown, proclaimed the day «Official Metallica Day».^[260] The band was awarded the MTV Icon award in 2003, and a concert paying tribute to the band with artists performing its songs was held. Performances included Sum 41 and a medley of «For Whom the Bell Tolls», «Enter Sandman», and «Master of Puppets». Staind covered «Nothing Else Matters», Avril Lavigne played «Fuel», hip-hop artist Snoop Dogg performed «Sad but True», Korn played «One», and Limp Bizkit performed «Welcome Home (Sanitarium)».^[261]

The Guitar Hero video game series included several of Metallica’s songs. «One» was used in Guitar Hero III. The album Death Magnetic was later released as purchasable, downloadable content for the game. «Trapped Under Ice» was featured in the sequel, Guitar Hero World Tour. In 2009, Metallica collaborated with the game’s developers to make Guitar Hero: Metallica, which included a number of Metallica’s songs. Harmonix’ video game series Rock Band included «Enter Sandman» and «Battery»; «Ride the Lightning», «Blackened», and «…And Justice for All» were released as downloadable tracks. In 2013, due to expiring content licenses, «Ride the Lightning», «Blackened», and «…And Justice for All» are no longer available for download.^[262]

In October 2020, Miley Cyrus announced that she was planning on recording a Metallica covers album and on January 7, 2021, she announced that she has recorded a cover version of «Nothing Else Matters» that would feature Elton John on piano, drummer Chad Smith from Red Hot Chili Peppers and cellist Yo-Yo Ma. The song was produced by Andrew Watt.^[263]

Band members

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

• Kill ‘Em All (1983)
• Ride the Lightning (1984)
• Master of Puppets (1986)
• …And Justice for All (1988)
• Metallica (1991)
• Load (1996)
• Reload (1997)
• St. Anger (2003)
• Death Magnetic (2008)
• Hardwired… to Self-Destruct (2016)
• 72 Seasons (2023)

Awards and nominations

Grammy Awards^[264]

• 1990: Best Metal Performance – «One»
• 1991: Best Metal Performance – «Stone Cold Crazy»
• 1992: Best Metal Performance – Metallica
• 1999: Best Metal Performance – «Better than You»
• 2000: Best Hard Rock Performance – «Whiskey in the Jar»
• 2001: Best Rock Instrumental Performance – «The Call of Ktulu» (with Michael Kamen and the San Francisco Symphony)
• 2004: Best Metal Performance – «St. Anger»
• 2009: Best Metal Performance – «My Apocalypse»
• 2009: Best Recording Package – Death Magnetic^[265]

See also

• List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
• List of bands from the San Francisco Bay Area
• List of best-selling music artists
• List of heavy metal bands
• List of highest-grossing live music artists
• List of Metallica concert tours
• List of people from California
• List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
• List of thrash metal bands

Notes

References

General sources

External links

Metallica
Metallica in London, England in 2017. From left to right: Lars Ulrich, James Hetfield, Kirk Hammett and Robert Trujillo
Background information
Origin	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres	Heavy metal thrash metal speed metal hard rock
Years active	1981–present
Labels	Megaforce Elektra Vertigo Warner Bros. Blackened
Members	James Hetfield Lars Ulrich Kirk Hammett Robert Trujillo
Past members	Dave Mustaine Ron McGovney Cliff Burton Jason Newsted
Website	metallica.com

Metallica is an American heavy metal band. The band was formed in 1981 in Los Angeles by vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has been based in San Francisco for most of its career.^[1][2] The band’s fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding «big four» bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer. Metallica’s current lineup comprises founding members and primary songwriters Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, and bassist Robert Trujillo. Guitarist Dave Mustaine, who formed Megadeth after being fired from the band, and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.

Metallica first found commercial success with the release of its third album, Master of Puppets (1986), which is cited as one of the heaviest metal albums and the band’s best work. The band’s next album, …And Justice for All (1988), gave Metallica its first Grammy Award nomination. Its fifth album, Metallica (1991), was the band’s first not to root predominantly in thrash metal; it appealed to a more mainstream audience, achieving substantial commercial success and selling more than 16 million copies in the United States to date, making it the best-selling album of the SoundScan era. After experimenting with different genres and directions in subsequent releases, Metallica returned to its thrash metal roots with the release of its ninth album, Death Magnetic (2008), which drew similar praise to that of the band’s earlier albums. This was followed by the band’s tenth studio album, Hardwired… to Self-Destruct (2016), with its eleventh album, 72 Seasons, set for release in 2023.

In 2000, Metallica led the case against the peer-to-peer file sharing service Napster, in which the band and several other artists filed lawsuits against the service for sharing their copyright-protected material without consent, eventually reaching a settlement. Metallica was the subject of the acclaimed 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which documented the troubled production of the band’s eighth album, St. Anger (2003), and the internal struggles within the band at the time. In 2009, Metallica was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The band co-wrote the screenplay for and starred alongside Dane DeHaan in the 2013 concert film Metallica: Through the Never, in which the band performed live against a fictional thriller storyline.

Metallica has released ten studio albums, four live albums (including two performances with the San Francisco Symphony), twelve video albums, one cover album, two extended plays, thirty-seven singles and thirty-nine music videos. The band has won nine Grammy Awards from twenty-three nominations, and its last six studio albums (beginning with Metallica) have consecutively debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. Metallica ranks as one of the most commercially successful bands of all time, having sold more than 125 million albums worldwide as of 2018.^[3] Metallica has been listed as one of the greatest artists of all time by magazines such as Rolling Stone, which ranked the band in 61st place on its list of 100 greatest artists of all time.^[4] As of 2017, Metallica is the third-best-selling music artist since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991,^[5] selling 58 million albums in the United States.^[6]

History

1981–1984: Formation, early years, and Kill ‘Em All

Metallica was formed in Los Angeles in late 1981 when Danish drummer Lars Ulrich placed an advertisement in a Los Angeles newspaper, The Recycler, which read, «Drummer looking for other metal musicians to jam with Tygers of Pan Tang, Diamond Head and Iron Maiden.»^[9] Guitarists James Hetfield and Hugh Tanner of Leather Charm answered the advertisement. Although he had not formed a band, Ulrich asked Metal Blade Records founder Brian Slagel if he could record a song for the label’s upcoming compilation album, Metal Massacre. Slagel accepted, and Ulrich recruited Hetfield to sing and play rhythm guitar.^[9] The band was officially formed on October 28, 1981, five months after Ulrich and Hetfield first met.^[10][11]

The band name came from Ulrich’s friend Ron Quintana, who was brainstorming names for a fanzine and was considering MetalMania or Metallica. After hearing the two names, Ulrich wanted the latter for his band, so he suggested Quintana use MetalMania instead.^[12] Dave Mustaine replied to an advertisement for a lead guitarist; Ulrich and Hetfield recruited him after seeing his expensive guitar equipment. In early 1982, Metallica recorded its first original song, «Hit the Lights», for the Metal Massacre I compilation. Hetfield sang and played both bass and rhythm guitar, while Lars Ulrich played drums and Lloyd Grant was credited with a guitar solo.^[9] Metal Massacre I was released on June 14, 1982; early pressings listed the band incorrectly as «Mettallica», angering the band.^[13] The song generated word of mouth, and the band played its first live performance on March 14, 1982, at Radio City in Anaheim, California, with newly recruited bassist Ron McGovney.^[14] Their first live success came early; they were chosen to open for British heavy metal band Saxon at one gig of their 1982 U.S. tour. This was Metallica’s second gig. Metallica recorded its first demo, Power Metal, whose name was inspired by Quintana’s early business cards in early 1982.

The term «thrash metal» was coined in February 1984 by Kerrang! journalist Malcolm Dome in reference to Anthrax’s song «Metal Thrashing Mad».^[15] Prior to this, Hetfield referred to Metallica’s sound as «power metal». In late 1982, Ulrich and Hetfield attended a show at the West Hollywood nightclub Whisky a Go Go, which featured bassist Cliff Burton in the band Trauma. The two were «blown away» by Burton’s use of a wah-wah pedal and asked him to join Metallica. Hetfield and Mustaine wanted McGovney to leave because they thought he «didn’t contribute anything, he just followed.»^[16] Although Burton initially declined the offer, by the end of the year, he had accepted on the condition that the band move to El Cerrito in the San Francisco Bay Area.^[16] Metallica’s first live performance with Burton was at the nightclub The Stone in March 1983, and the first recording to feature Burton was the Megaforce demo (1983).^[16]

Metallica was ready to record their debut album, but when Metal Blade was unable to cover the cost, they began looking for other options. Concert promoter Jonathan «Jonny Z» Zazula, who had heard the demo No Life ’til Leather (1982), offered to broker a record deal between Metallica and New York City–based record labels. After those record labels showed no interest, Zazula borrowed enough money to cover the recording budget and signed Metallica to his own label, Megaforce Records.^[17]

In May 1983, Metallica traveled to Rochester, New York, to record its debut album, Metal Up Your Ass, which was produced by Paul Curcio.^[18] The other members decided to eject Mustaine from the band because of his drug and alcohol abuse and violent behavior just before the recording sessions on April 11, 1983.^[19] Exodus guitarist Kirk Hammett replaced Mustaine the same afternoon.^[17] Metallica’s first live performance with Hammett was on April 16, 1983, at a nightclub in Dover, New Jersey, called The Showplace;^[16] the support act was Anthrax’s original lineup, which included Dan Lilker and Neil Turbin.^[20] This was the first time the two bands performed live together.^[16]

Mustaine, who went on to form Megadeth, has expressed his dislike for Hammett in interviews, saying Hammett «stole» his job.^[21] Mustaine was «pissed off» because he believes Hammett became popular by playing guitar leads that Mustaine had actually written.^[22] In a 1985 interview with Metal Forces, Mustaine said, «It’s real funny how Kirk Hammett ripped off every lead break I’d played on that No Life ’til Leather tape and got voted No. 1 guitarist in your magazine.»^[23] On Megadeth’s debut album, Killing Is My Business… and Business Is Good! (1985), Mustaine included the song «Mechanix», which Metallica had previously reworked and retitled «The Four Horsemen» on Kill ‘Em All. Mustaine said he did this to «straighten Metallica up» because Metallica referred to Mustaine as a drunk and said he could not play guitar.^[23]

Because of conflicts with its record label and the distributors’ refusal to release an album titled Metal Up Your Ass, the album was renamed Kill ‘Em All. It was released on Megaforce Records in the U.S. and on Music for Nations in Europe, and peaked at number 155 on the Billboard 200 in 1986.^[24][a] Although the album was not initially a financial success, it earned Metallica a growing fan base in the underground metal scene.^[25] To support the release, Metallica embarked on the Kill ‘Em All for One tour with Raven.^[26] In February 1984, Metallica supported Venom on the Seven Dates of Hell tour, during which the bands performed in front of 7,000 people at the Aardschok Festival in Zwolle, Netherlands.^[27]

1984–1986: Ride the Lightning, Master of Puppets, and Burton’s death

Metallica recorded its second studio album, Ride the Lightning, at Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen, Denmark, from February to March 1984. It was released in August 1984 and reached number 100 on the Billboard 200.^[28] A French printing press mistakenly printed green covers for the album, which are now considered collectors’ items. Mustaine received writing credit for «Ride the Lightning» and «The Call of Ktulu».^[27]

Elektra Records A&R director Michael Alago and co-founder of Q-Prime Management Cliff Burnstein attended a Metallica concert in September 1984; they were impressed with the performance, signed Metallica to Elektra and made the band a client of Q-Prime Management.^[29] Metallica’s growing success was such that the band’s British label, Music for Nations, released «Creeping Death» as a limited-edition single, which sold 40,000 copies as an import in the U.S. Two of the three songs on the record – cover versions of Diamond Head’s «Am I Evil?» and Blitzkrieg’s «Blitzkrieg» – appeared on the 1988 Elektra reissue of Kill ‘Em All.^[30] Metallica embarked on its first major European tour with Tank to an average crowd of 1,300. Returning to the U.S., it embarked on a co-headlining tour with W.A.S.P. and support from Armored Saint. Metallica played its largest show at the Monsters of Rock festival at Donington Park, England, on August 17, 1985, with Bon Jovi and Ratt, playing to 70,000 people. At a show in Oakland, California, at the Day on the Green festival, the band played to a crowd of 60,000.^[29]

Metallica’s third studio album, Master of Puppets, was recorded at Sweet Silence Studios from September to December 1985 and released in March 1986. The album reached number 29 on the Billboard 200 and spent 72 weeks on the chart.^[31] It was the band’s first album to be certified Gold on November 4, 1986, and was certified six times Platinum in 2003.^[32] Steve Huey of AllMusic considered the album «the band’s greatest achievement».^[33] Following the release of the album, Metallica supported Ozzy Osbourne on a U.S. tour.^[29] Hetfield broke his wrist while skateboarding; he continued with the tour, performing vocals, with guitar technician John Marshall playing rhythm guitar.^[34]

On September 27, 1986, during the European leg of Metallica’s Damage, Inc. Tour, members drew cards to determine which bunks on the tour bus they would sleep in. Burton won and chose to sleep in Hammett’s bunk. At around sunrise near Dörarp, Sweden, the bus driver lost control and skidded, which caused the bus to overturn several times. Ulrich, Hammett and Hetfield sustained no serious injuries; however, Burton was pinned under the bus and died. Hetfield said:

I saw the bus lying right on him. I saw his legs sticking out. I freaked. The bus driver, I recall, was trying to yank the blanket out from under him to use for other people. I just went, «Don’t fucking do that!» I already wanted to kill the [bus driver]. I don’t know if he was drunk or if he hit some ice. All I knew was, he was driving and Cliff wasn’t alive anymore.^[34]

1986–1994: Newsted joins, …And Justice for All and Metallica

Burton’s death left Metallica’s future in doubt. The three remaining members decided Burton would want them to carry on, and with the Burton family’s blessings, the band sought a replacement.^[35] Roughly 40 people – including Hammett’s childhood friend, Les Claypool of Primus; Troy Gregory of Prong; and Jason Newsted, formerly of Flotsam and Jetsam – auditioned for the band to fill Burton’s spot. Newsted learned Metallica’s entire setlist; after the audition, Metallica invited him to Tommy’s Joynt in San Francisco. Hetfield, Ulrich and Hammett decided on Newsted as Burton’s replacement; his first live performance with Metallica was at the Country Club in Reseda, California. The members initiated Newsted by tricking him into eating a ball of wasabi.^[35] The band finished its tour in February 1987.

After Newsted joined Metallica, the band left their El Cerrito practice space – a suburban house formerly rented by sound engineer Mark Whitaker and dubbed «the Metalli-mansion» – and relocated to the adjacent cities of Berkeley and Albany before eventually settling in the Marin County city of San Rafael, north of San Francisco.^[36][37] In March 1987, Hetfield again broke his wrist while skateboarding, forcing the band to cancel an appearance on Saturday Night Live. In August 1987, an all-covers extended play (EP), titled The $5.98 E.P. — Garage Days Re-Revisited, was released. The EP was recorded in an effort to use the band’s newly constructed recording studio, test Newsted’s talents, and to relieve grief and stress following the death of Burton. A video titled Cliff ‘Em All commemorating Burton’s three years in Metallica was released in 1987; the video included bass solos, home videos and pictures.^[38]

Metallica’s first studio album since Burton’s death, …And Justice for All, was recorded from January to May 1988 and released in September. The album was a commercial success, reaching number 6 on the Billboard 200, and was the band’s first album to enter the top 10.^[28] The album was certified Platinum nine weeks after its release.^[39] There were complaints about the production, however; Steve Huey of AllMusic said Ulrich’s drums were clicking more than thudding, and the guitars «buzz thinly».^[40] To promote the album, Metallica embarked on a tour called Damaged Justice.^[41]

In 1989, Metallica received its first Grammy Award nomination for …And Justice for All in the new Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrument category. Metallica was the favorite to win, but the award was given to Jethro Tull for the album Crest of a Knave.^[42] The award was controversial with fans and the press; Metallica was standing off-stage waiting to receive the award after performing the song «One». Jethro Tull had been advised by its manager not to attend the ceremony because he was expecting Metallica to win.^[42] The award was named in Entertainment Weekly‘s «Grammy’s 10 Biggest Upsets» list.^[43]

Following the release of …And Justice for All, Metallica released its debut music video for the song «One», which the band performed in an abandoned warehouse. The footage was remixed with the film Johnny Got His Gun. Rather than organize an ongoing licensing deal, Metallica purchased the rights to the film. The remixed video was submitted to MTV with an alternative, performance-only version that was held back in case MTV banned the remixed version. MTV accepted the remixed version; the video was viewers’ first exposure to Metallica. In 1999, it was voted number 38 in MTV’s «Top 100 Videos of All Time» countdown^[44] and was featured on the network’s 25th-anniversary edition of ADD Video, which showcased the most popular videos on MTV in the last 25 years.^[45]

In October 1990, Metallica entered One on One Recording’s studio in North Hollywood to record its next album. Bob Rock, who had worked with Aerosmith, The Cult, Bon Jovi and Mötley Crüe, was hired as the producer. Metallica – also known as The Black Album – was remixed three times, cost $1 million (USD), and ended three marriages.^[46] Although the release was delayed until 1991, Metallica debuted at number one in 10 countries, selling 650,000 units in the U.S. during its first week.^[47] The album brought Metallica mainstream attention; it has been certified 16 times Platinum in the U.S., which makes it the 25th-best-selling album in the country.^[48] The making of Metallica and the following tour was documented in A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica. The tour in support of the album, called the Wherever We May Roam Tour, lasted 14 months and included dates in the U.S., Japan and the U.K.^[46] In September 1991, 1.6 million rock music fans converged in Moscow to enjoy the first open-air rock concert to be held in the former Soviet Union; it was part of the Monsters of Rock series.^[49] However, in a June 2020 interview, Lars estimated the attendance at about a half million during their time slot.^[50] In April 1992, Metallica appeared at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert and performed a three-song set.^[51] Hetfield later performed «Stone Cold Crazy» with the remaining members of Queen and Tony Iommi.^[51]

On August 8, 1992, during the co-headlining Guns N’ Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour at the Olympic Stadium in Montreal, Hetfield suffered second- and third-degree burns to his arms, face, hands and legs. There had been some confusion with the new pyrotechnics setup, which resulted in Hetfield walking into a 12-foot (3.7 m) flame during «Fade to Black».^[52] Newsted said Hetfield’s skin was «bubbling like on The Toxic Avenger«.^[53] Metallica returned to the stage 17 days later with guitar technician and Metal Church member John Marshall replacing Hetfield on guitar for the remainder of the tour, although Hetfield was able to sing. Later in 1993, Metallica went on the Nowhere Else to Roam Tour, playing five shows in Mexico City. Live Shit: Binge & Purge, the band’s first box set, was released in November 1993. The collection contains three live CDs, three home videos, and a book filled with riders and letters.^[53]

1994–2001: Load, Reload, Napster controversy and Newsted’s departure

After almost three years of touring to promote Metallica, including a headlining performance at Woodstock ’94, Metallica returned to the studio to write and record its sixth studio album. The band went on a brief hiatus in the summer of 1995 and played a short tour, Escape from the Studio ’95, which comprised three outdoor shows, including a headline show at Donington Park supported by Slayer, Skid Row, Slash’s Snakepit, Therapy? and Corrosion of Conformity. The band spent about a year writing and recording new songs, resulting in the release of Load in 1996. Load debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and ARIA Charts; it was the band’s second number one album.^[28] The cover art, Blood and Semen III, was created by Andres Serrano, who pressed a mixture of his own semen and blood between sheets of plexiglass.^[54] The release marked another change in the band’s musical direction and a new image; the band members’ hair was cut. Metallica headlined the alternative rock festival Lollapalooza festival in mid-1996.^[55][56]

During early production of the album, the band had recorded enough material to fill a double album. It was decided that half of the songs were to be released; the band would continue to work on the remaining songs and release them the following year. This resulted in follow-up album, titled Reload. The cover art was again created by Serrano, this time using a mixture of blood and urine.^[54] Reload, too, debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and reached number two on the Top Canadian Album chart.^[28] Hetfield said in the 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster that the band initially thought some of the songs on these albums were of average quality; these were «polished and reworked» until judged releasable.^[57] To promote Reload, Metallica performed «Fuel» and «The Memory Remains» with Marianne Faithfull on NBC’s Saturday Night Live in December 1997.^[58]

In 1998, Metallica compiled a double album of cover songs, titled Garage Inc. The first disc contained newly recorded covers of songs by Diamond Head, Killing Joke, the Misfits, Thin Lizzy, Mercyful Fate, Black Sabbath and others, and the second disc featured the original version of The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited, which had become a scarce collectors’ item. The album entered the Billboard 200 at number two.^[58][59]

On April 21 and 22, 1999, Metallica recorded two performances with the San Francisco Symphony, which was conducted by Michael Kamen, who had previously worked with producer Rock on «Nothing Else Matters». Kamen approached Metallica in 1991 with the idea of pairing the band’s music with a symphony orchestra. Kamen and his staff of over 100 composed additional orchestral material for Metallica songs. Metallica wrote two new Kamen-scored songs for the event: «No Leaf Clover» and «-Human». The audio recording and concert footage were released in 1999 as the album and concert film S&M. It entered the Billboard 200 at number two and the Australian ARIA charts and Top Internet Albums chart at number one.^[28]

In 2000, Metallica discovered that a demo of its song «I Disappear», which was supposed to be released in combination with the Mission: Impossible II soundtrack, was receiving radio airplay. Tracing the source of the leak, the band found the file on the Napster peer-to-peer file-sharing network and also found that the band’s entire catalogue was freely available.^[60] Metallica filed a lawsuit at the U.S. District Court, Central District of California, alleging that Napster violated three areas of the law: copyright infringement, unlawful use of digital audio interface device and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO).^[61]

Ulrich provided a statement to the Senate Judiciary Committee regarding copyright infringement on July 11, 2000.^[60] Federal Judge Marilyn Hall Patel ordered the site to place a filter on the program within 72 hours or be shut down.^[62] A settlement between Metallica and Napster was reached when German media conglomerate Bertelsmann BMG showed interest in purchasing the rights to Napster for $94 million. Under the terms of settlement, Napster agreed to block users who shared music by artists who do not want their music shared.^[63] On June 3, 2002, Napster filed for Chapter 11 protection under U.S. bankruptcy laws. On September 3, 2002, an American bankruptcy judge blocked the sale of Napster to Bertelsmann and forced Napster to liquidate its assets, according to Chapter 7 of the U.S. bankruptcy laws.^[64]

At the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, Ulrich appeared with host Marlon Wayans in a skit that criticized the idea of using Napster to share music. Wayans played a college student listening to Metallica’s «I Disappear». Ulrich walked in and asked for an explanation, and he responded to Wayans’ excuse that using Napster was just «sharing» by saying that Wayans’ idea of sharing was «borrowing things that were not yours without asking.» He called in the Metallica road crew, who proceeded to confiscate all of Wayans’ belongings, leaving him almost naked in an empty room. Napster creator Shawn Fanning responded later in the ceremony by presenting an award wearing a Metallica shirt that read: «I borrowed this shirt from a friend. Maybe, if I like it, I’ll buy one of my own.» Ulrich was later booed on stage at the award show when he introduced the final musical act, Blink-182.^[65][66]

Newsted left Metallica on January 17, 2001, just as plans were being made to enter the recording studio. He said he left the band for «private and personal reasons, and the physical damage I have done to myself over the years while playing the music that I love.»^[67] During a Playboy interview with Metallica, Newsted said he wanted to release an album with his side project, Echobrain. Hetfield was opposed to the idea and said, «When someone does a side project, it takes away from the strength of Metallica» and that a side project is «like cheating on your wife in a way.»^[55] Newsted said Hetfield had recorded vocals for a song used in the film South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, and appeared on two Corrosion of Conformity albums. Hetfield replied: «My name isn’t on those records. And I’m not out trying to sell them» and raised questions such as, «Where would it end? Does he start touring with it? Does he sell shirts? Is it his band?»^[55]

2001–2006: Some Kind of Monster, St. Anger, and Trujillo joins

In April 2001, filmmakers Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky began following Metallica to document the recording process of the band’s next studio album. Over two years they recorded more than 1,000 hours of footage. On July 19, 2001, before preparations to enter the recording studio, Hetfield entered rehab to treat his «alcoholism and other addictions». All recording plans were put on hold and the band’s future was in doubt.^[68] Hetfield left rehab on December 4, 2001,^[68] and the band returned to the recording studio on April 12, 2002. Hetfield was required to limit his work to four hours a day between noon and 4 pm, and to spend the rest of his time with his family.^[57] The footage recorded by Berlinger and Sinofsky was compiled into the documentary Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2004. In the documentary, Newsted said his former bandmates’ decision to hire a therapist to help solve their problems which he felt they could have solved on their own was «really fucking lame and weak».^[57]

In June 2003, Metallica’s eighth studio album, St. Anger, debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, and drew mixed reactions from critics. Ulrich’s «steely» sounding snare drum and the absence of guitar solos received particular criticism.^[69] Kevin Forest Moreau of Shakingthrough.net said, «the guitars stumble in a monotone of mid-level, processed rattle; the drums don’t propel as much as struggle to disguise an all-too-turgid pace; and the rage is both unfocused and leavened with too much narcissistic navel-gazing».^[70] Brent DiCrescenzo of Pitchfork described it as «an utter mess».^[71] However, Blender magazine called it the «grimiest and grimmest of the band’s Bob Rock productions», and New York Magazine called it «utterly raw and rocking».^[72] The title track, «St. Anger», won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 2004; it was used as the official theme song for WWE’s SummerSlam 2003.^[73]

For the duration of St. Anger‘s recording period, producer Bob Rock played bass on the album and in several live shows at which Metallica performed during that time.^[57] Once the record was completed, the band started to hold auditions for Newsted’s permanent replacement. Bassists Pepper Keenan, Jeordie White, Scott Reeder, Eric Avery, Danny Lohner, and Chris Wyse—among others—auditioned for the role. After three months of auditions, Robert Trujillo, formerly of Suicidal Tendencies and Ozzy Osbourne’s band, was chosen as the new bassist.^[57] Newsted, who had joined Canadian thrash metal band Voivod by that time, was Trujillo’s replacement in Osbourne’s band during the 2003 Ozzfest tour, which included Voivod.^[74]

Before the band’s set at the 2004 Download Festival, Ulrich was rushed to the hospital after having an anxiety seizure and was unable to perform.^[75] Hetfield searched for last-minute volunteers to replace Ulrich. Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo and Slipknot drummer Joey Jordison volunteered. Lombardo performed «Battery» and «The Four Horsemen», Ulrich’s drum technician Flemming Larsen performed «Fade to Black», and Jordison performed the remainder of the set.^[76] Having toured for two years in support of St. Anger on the Summer Sanitarium Tour 2003 and the Madly in Anger with the World Tour, with multi-platinum rock band Godsmack in support, Metallica took a break from performing and spent most of 2005 with friends and family. The band opened for The Rolling Stones at SBC Park in San Francisco on November 13 and 15, 2005.^[77]

2006–2013: Death Magnetic and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction

In February 2006, Metallica announced on its official website that after 15 years, long-time producer Bob Rock would not be producing the band’s next studio album. Instead, the band chose to work with producer Rick Rubin.^[78] Around the same time, a petition signed by 1,500 fans was posted online in an attempt to encourage the band to prohibit Rock from producing Metallica albums, saying he had too much influence on the band’s sound and musical direction. Rock said the petition hurt his children’s feelings; he said, «sometimes, even with a great coach, a team keeps losing. You have to get new blood in there.»^[79]

In December 2006, Metallica released a DVD titled The Videos 1989–2004, which sold 28,000 copies in its first week and entered the Billboard Top Videos chart at number three.^[80] Metallica recorded a guitar-based interpretation of Ennio Morricone’s «The Ecstasy of Gold» for a tribute album titled We All Love Ennio Morricone, which was released in February 2007. The track received a Grammy nomination at the 50th Grammy Awards for the category «Best Rock Instrumental Performance».^[81] A recording of «The Ecstasy of Gold» has been played to introduce Metallica’s performances since the 1980s.^[82]

Metallica scheduled the release of the album Death Magnetic as September 12, 2008, and the band filmed a music video for the album’s first single, «The Day That Never Comes». On September 2, 2008, a record store in France began selling copies of Death Magnetic nearly two weeks before its scheduled worldwide release date,^[83] which resulted in the album being made available on peer-to-peer clients. This prompted the band’s UK distributor Vertigo Records to officially release the album on September 10, 2008. Rumors of Metallica or Warner Bros. taking legal action against the French retailer were unconfirmed, though drummer Lars Ulrich responded to the leak by saying, «…We’re ten days from release. I mean, from here, we’re golden. If this thing leaks all over the world today or tomorrow, happy days. Happy days. Trust me»,^[84] and, «By 2008 standards, that’s a victory. If you’d told me six months ago that our record wouldn’t leak until 10 days out, I would have signed up for that.»^[85]

Death Magnetic debuted at number one in the U.S., selling 490,000 units; Metallica became the first band to have five consecutive studio albums debut at number one in the history of the Billboard 200.^[86] A week after its release, Death Magnetic remained at number one on the Billboard 200 and the European album chart; it also became the fastest selling album of 2008 in Australia.^[87] Death Magnetic remained at number one on the Billboard 200 album chart for three consecutive weeks. Metallica was one of two artists whose album—the other being Jack Johnson’s album Sleep Through the Static—remained on the Billboard 200 for three consecutive weeks at number one in 2008. Death Magnetic also remained at number one on Billboard‘s Hard Rock, Modern Rock/Alternative and Rock album charts for five consecutive weeks. The album reached number one in 32 countries outside the U.S., including the UK, Canada, and Australia.^[88][89] In November 2008, Metallica’s record deal with Warner Bros. ended and the band considered releasing its next album through the internet.^[90][91]

On January 14, 2009, it was announced that Metallica would be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 4, 2009,^[92] and that former bassist Jason Newsted—who left the band in 2001—would perform with the band at the ceremony.^[93] Initially, it was announced that the matter had been discussed and that bassist Trujillo had agreed not to play because he «wanted to see the Black Album band».^[94] However, during the band’s set of «Master of Puppets» and «Enter Sandman», both Trujillo and Newsted were on stage.^[95] Ray Burton, father of the late Cliff Burton, accepted the honor on his behalf. Although he was not to be inducted with them, Metallica invited Dave Mustaine to take part in the induction ceremony. Mustaine declined because of his touring commitments in Europe.^[96]

Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth, and Anthrax performed on the same bill for the first time on June 16, 2010, at Warsaw Babice Airport, Poland, as a part of the Sonisphere Festival series. The show in Sofia, Bulgaria, on June 22, 2010, was broadcast via satellite to cinemas.^[97] The bands also played concerts in Bucharest on June 26, 2010, and Istanbul on June 27, 2010. On June 28, 2010, Death Magnetic was certified double platinum by the RIAA.^[98] Metallica’s World Magnetic Tour ended in Melbourne on November 21, 2010. The band had been touring for more than two years in support of Death Magnetic. To accompany the final tour dates in Australia and New Zealand, a live, limited edition EP of past performances in Australia called Six Feet Down Under was released.^[99] The EP was followed by Six Feet Down Under (Part II), which was released on November 12, 2010.^[100] Part 2 contains a further eight songs recorded during the first two Oceanic Legs of the World Magnetic Tour. On November 26, 2010, Metallica released a live EP titled Live at Grimey’s, which was recorded in June 2008 at Grimey’s Record Store, just before the band’s appearance at Bonnaroo Music Festival that year.^[101][102]

In a June 2009 interview with Italy’s Rock TV, Ulrich said Metallica was planning to continue touring until August 2010, and that there were no plans for a tenth album. He said he was sure the band would collaborate with producer Rick Rubin again.^[103] According to Blabbermouth.net, the band was considering recording its next album in the second half of 2011.^[104] In November 2010, during an interview with The Pulse of Radio, Ulrich said Metallica would return to writing in 2011. Ulrich said, «There’s a bunch of balls in the air for 2011, but I think the main one is we really want to get back to writing again. We haven’t really written since, what, ’06, ’07, and we want to get back to kind of just being creative again. Right now we are going to just chill out and then probably start up again in, I’d say, March or April, and start probably putting the creative cap back on and start writing some songs.»^[105]

On November 9, 2010, Metallica announced it would be headlining the Rock in Rio festival in Rio de Janeiro on September 25, 2011.^[106][107] On December 13, 2010, the band announced it would again play as part of the «big four» during the Sonisphere Festival at Knebworth House, Hertfordshire, on July 8, 2011. It was the first time all of the «big four» members played on the same stage in the UK.^[108] On December 17, 2010, Another «big four» Sonisphere performance that would take place in France on July 9 was announced.^[109] On January 25, 2011, another «big four» performance on April 23, 2011, at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California, was announced. It was the first time all of the «big four» members played on the same stage in the U.S.^[110] On February 17, 2011, a show in Gelsenkirchen, Germany, on July 2, 2011, was announced.^[111] On February 22, a «big four» show in Milan on July 6, 2011, was announced.^[112] On March 2, 2011, another «big four» concert, which took place in Gothenburg on July 3, 2011, was announced.^[113] The final «big four» concert was in New York City, at Yankee Stadium, on September 14, 2011.^[114]

In an interview at the April 2011 Big Four concert, Robert Trujillo said Metallica will work with Rick Rubin again as producer for the new album and were «really excited to write some new music. There’s no shortage of riffage in Metallica world right now.» He added, «The first album with Rick was also the first album for me, so in a lot of ways, you’re kind of testing the water. Now that we’re comfortable with Rick and his incredible engineer, Greg Fidelman, who worked with Slayer, actually, on this last record—it’s my hero—it’s a great team. And it’s only gonna better; I really believe that. So I’m super-excited.»^[115] In June 2011, Rubin said Metallica had begun writing its new album.^[116]

On June 15, 2011, Metallica announced that recording sessions with singer-songwriter Lou Reed had concluded. The album, which was titled Lulu, was recorded over several months and comprised ten songs^[117] based on Frank Wedekind’s «Lulu» plays Earth Spirit and Pandora’s Box.^[118] The album was released on October 31, 2011. The recording of the album was problematic at times; Lars Ulrich later said Lou Reed challenged him to a «street fight».^[119] On October 16, 2011, Robert Trujillo confirmed that the band was back in the studio and writing new material. He said, «The writing process for the new Metallica album has begun. We’ve been in the studio with Rick Rubin, working on a couple of things, and we’re going to be recording during the most of next year.»^[120]

Metallica was due to make its first appearance in India at the «India Rocks» concert, supporting the 2011 Indian Grand Prix.^[121] However, the concert was canceled when the venue was proven to be unsafe.^[122] Fans raided the stage during the event and the organizers were later arrested for fraud.^[123] Metallica made its Indian debut in Bangalore on October 30, 2011.^[124][125] On November 10, it was announced that Metallica would headline the main stage on Saturday June 9, 2012, at the Download Festival at Donington Park and that the band would play The Black Album in its entirety.^[126] Metallica celebrated its 30th anniversary by playing four shows at the Fillmore in San Francisco in December 2011. The shows were exclusive to Met Club members and tickets were charged at $6 each or $19.81 for all four nights. The shows consisted of songs from the band’s career and featured guest appearances by artists who had either helped or had influenced Metallica. These shows were notable because Lloyd Grant, Dave Mustaine, Jason Newsted, Glenn Danzig, Ozzy Osbourne, Jerry Cantrell, Apocalyptica, members of Diamond Head, and King Diamond joined Metallica on stage for all appropriate songs.^[127][128] In December 2011, Metallica began releasing songs that were written for Death Magnetic but were not included on the album online.^[129] On December 13, 2011, the band released Beyond Magnetic, a digital EP release exclusively on iTunes.^[130] It was released on CD in January 2012.^[131]

On February 7, 2012, Metallica announced that it would start a new music festival called Orion Music + More, which took place on June 23 and 24, 2012, in Atlantic City. Metallica also confirmed that it would headline the festival on both days and would perform two of its most critically acclaimed albums in their entirety: The Black Album on one night, and Ride the Lightning on the other.^[132] In a July 2012 interview with Canadian radio station 99.3 The Fox, Ulrich said Metallica would not release its new album until at least early 2014.^[133]

In November 2012, Metallica left Warner Bros. Records and launched an independent record label, Blackened Recordings, which will produce the band’s future releases.^[134][135] The band acquired the rights to all of its studio albums, which were all reissued through the new label. Blackened releases were licensed through Warner subsidiary Rhino Entertainment in North America and internationally through Universal Music.^[136][137] On September 20, 2012, Metallica announced via its official website that a new DVD containing footage of shows it performed in Quebec in 2009 would be released that December; fans would get the chance to vote for two setlists that would appear on the DVD.^[138] The film, titled Quebec Magnetic, was released in the U.S. on December 10, 2012.^[139]

2013–2019: Metallica: Through the Never and Hardwired… to Self-Destruct

In an interview with Classic Rock on January 8, 2013, Ulrich said regarding the band’s upcoming album, «What we’re doing now certainly sounds like a continuation [of Death Magnetic]». He also said, «I love Rick [Rubin]. We all love Rick. We’re in touch with Rick constantly. We’ll see where it goes. It would stun me if the record came out in 2013.»^[140] Also in 2013, the band starred in a 3D concert film titled Metallica: Through the Never, which was directed by Antal Nimród and was released in IMAX theaters on September 27.^[141]

In an interview dated July 22, 2013, Ulrich told Ultimate Guitar, «2014 will be all about making a new Metallica record»; he said the album will most likely be released during 2015.^[142] Kirk Hammett and Robert Trujillo later confirmed the band’s intention to enter the studio.^[143] At the second Orion Music + More festival held in Detroit, the band played under the name «Dehaan»—a reference to actor Dane DeHaan, who starred in Metallica: Through the Never.^[144] The band performed its debut album Kill ‘Em All in its entirety, celebrating the 30th anniversary of its release.^[145]

On December 8, 2013, the band played a show called «Freeze ‘Em All» in Antarctica, becoming the first band to play on all seven continents.^[146] The performance was filmed and released as a live album the same month.^[147]

At the 56th Annual Grammy Awards in January 2014, Metallica performed «One» with Chinese pianist Lang Lang.^[148] In March 2014, Metallica began a tour called «Metallica By Request», in which fans request songs for the band to perform.^[149] A new song, titled «Lords of Summer» was written for the concerts and released as a «first take» demo in June 2014.^[150] In June 2014, the band headlined the Glastonbury Festival in an attempt to attract new fans. Ulrich said, «We have one shot, you never know if you’ll be invited back».^[151] In November 2014, Metallica performed at the closing ceremony of BlizzCon 2014.^[152] In January 2015, Metallica announced a «Metallica Night» with the San Jose Sharks, which featured a Q&A session with the band and a charity auction benefiting the San Francisco Bay Chapter of the Sierra Club, but no performances.^[153] They were announced to headline Lollapalooza in March 2015, returning to perform there for the first time in 20 years.^[154] On May 2, 2015, Metallica performed their third annual Metallica Day at AT&T Park.^[155] Metallica were also announced to play at X Games for the first time at X Games Austin 2015 in Austin, Texas.^[156] On June 14, 2015, Hetfield and Hammett performed The Star-Spangled Banner live via electric guitars prior to game 5 of the NBA Finals between the Cleveland Cavaliers and Golden State Warriors at Oracle Arena in Oakland, California.^{[157][158][159]} In late October, the band unveiled a new website with an introduction from Ulrich containing footage from the studio of the band working on new material.^[160] On November 2, Metallica were announced to play «The Night Before» Super Bowl 50 at AT&T Park.^[161] Metallica announced they would be opening the U.S. Bank Stadium on August 20, 2016, with Avenged Sevenfold and Volbeat as support.

In April 2016, during the week leading up to Record Store Day, for which the band was its ambassador for 2016, Ulrich told Billboard that the band’s expanded role within the music industry had played a part in the amount of time that it had taken to write and record the album. «The way we do things now is very different than the way we did things back in the days of Kill ‘Em All and Ride the Lightning. Nowadays we like to do so many different things.» Ulrich was also optimistic that production of the album had almost reached its completion. «Unless something radical happens it would be difficult for me to believe that it won’t come out in 2016».^[162] On August 18, 2016, the band announced via their website that their tenth studio album, Hardwired… to Self-Destruct, would be released worldwide on November 18, 2016, via their independent label, Blackened Recordings. They also unveiled the track listing, album artwork, and released a music video for the album’s first single, «Hardwired».^[163] The album was released as scheduled^[164] and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.^[165]

Metallica announced they would be touring the US and Canada in summer of 2017 for the WorldWired Tour. The stadium tour also includes Avenged Sevenfold, Volbeat and Gojira as supporting acts.^[166] On August 7, 2017, Metallica was invited by the San Francisco Giants again for the fifth annual «Metallica Night» with Hammett and Hetfield performing the national anthem.^[167] In January 2018, the band announced that they would be reissuing The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited on April 13 for Record Store Day,^[168] and the sixth annual «Metallica Night» was also announced a few weeks later, this time in April, with all proceeds going to the All Within My Hands Foundation, which the band created in late 2017.^[169] In February 2018, the band announced a second set of North American tour dates, most of which for cities that they had not visited in up to thirty years.^[170]

2019–present: Further activity and 72 Seasons

In an interview with Australian magazine The Music‘s official podcast in March 2019, Trujillo said that Metallica had begun jamming on new material for its next studio album. «I’m excited about the next record because I believe it will also be a culmination of the two [previous] records and another journey. There’s no shortage of original ideas, that’s the beauty of being in this band.» He estimated that the album would be released «a lot sooner than the previous two did… this time around I think we’ll be able to jump on it a lot quicker and jump in the studio and start working. We’ve all vowed to get this one going sooner than later.»^[171] In an interview with Australian magazine Mixdown the following month, Hammett said that the band had tentative plans to enter the studio after the conclusion of its WorldWired Tour. He stated, «We’re in our third year since Hardwired. Maybe we can get a bit more focus and go into the studio a bit sooner.» After not contributing any writing to Hardwired… to Self-Destruct, Hammett said regarding his ideas for the new album, «I have a ton of material. I’ve over-compensated, so I’m ready to go anytime.»^[172]

In March 2019, Metallica announced that its WorldWired Tour would continue into Australia and New Zealand in October with Slipknot in support.^[173][174] Later that month, the band announced that it would perform at the grand opening of San Francisco’s new Chase Center with the San Francisco Symphony in September to celebrate the twenty-year anniversary of S&M.^[175] The commemorative shows, titled S&M2, were screened in more than 3,000 theaters worldwide on October 9;^[176][177] the event featured arrangements from the original S&M concerts as well as new arrangements for songs recorded since then^[176][177] and a cover of the Alexander Mosolov piece Iron Foundry,^[178] and were conducted by Edwin Outwater and San Francisco Symphony music director Michael Tilson Thomas.^[179] S&M2 went on to earn $5.5 million at the box office, making it the biggest global rock event cinema release of all time; a second screening was later announced for October 30 as a result.^{[180][181][182]} In August 2020, the band announced that they would release the S&M2 performances as an album, DVD and box set.^[183][184]

In July 2019, Metallica announced a set of South American tour dates for April 2020 with Greta Van Fleet in support.^[185][186] In September, ahead of that year’s Global Citizen Festival, it was announced that Metallica would perform at the following year’s festival in September 2020 alongside artists such as Billie Eilish, Miley Cyrus and Coldplay, in what would be the final event of Global Poverty Project’s year-long Global Goal Live: The Possible Dream campaign.^[187] The following day, on September 27, Metallica announced that Hetfield had re-entered a rehabilitation program and that its Australia/New Zealand tour would be postponed.^{[188][189][190]} In a statement by Ulrich, Hammett and Trujillo, the band spoke of the devastation of the news, saying that Hetfield «[had] been struggling with addiction on and off for many years» and that all tickets would be fully refunded.^{[188][189][190]} Ulrich later added that Hetfield was «in the process of healing himself», and that the band hoped to return to Australia and New Zealand in 2020.^[191] The band’s other commitments, including a benefit concert in March 2020, were still expected to continue as planned;^[188] a further five US festival appearances were announced in October.^[192] These shows were later postponed or cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to support Hetfield’s recovery.^[193][194]

In March 2020, the band began a series on YouTube and Facebook called #MetallicaMondays, where they streamed full archived shows every Monday to relieve boredom while staying home and social distancing amid the pandemic.^[195][196] In May 2020, while in quarantine, Metallica performed a virtual acoustic version of «Blackened»,^[197] titled «Blackened 2020», which was later made available for download.^[198]

In an interview with Marc Benioff in April 2020, Ulrich stated that Metallica could work on its next studio album while in quarantine.^[199] Trujillo told The Vinyl Guide in June that the band was «excited about cultivating new ideas» for its new album. «We communicate every week, which is really great, so we have our connection intact […] what we’ve started doing is basically just really concentrating on our home studios and being creative from our homes and navigating through ideas and building on new ideas. And that’s where we’re at right now». He also said that the band was working towards eventually entering a studio to record the album.^[200]

On August 10, 2020, Metallica played a show at Gundlach-Bundschu Winery in Sonoma, California, which was only attended by a few crew members, and it was recorded and played for drive-in movies across the U.S. and Canada on August 29.^[201]

In May 2021, the band announced that they would do one more #MetallicaMondays on May 24 to benefit their All Within My Hands Foundation.^[202] The concert dates to September 6, 2018, in Lincoln, Nebraska.^[202] On Labor Day, September 6, 2021, the band’s All Within My Hands Foundation raised $377,450. Metallica teamed up with workwear brand Carhartt on the initiative, with the clothing brand donating all of their sales proceeds on the holiday to the band’s Metallica Scholars initiative, which provides opportunities to people interested in pursuing essential workforce jobs.^[203]

On November 28, 2022, the band released the single «Lux Æterna» and announced their eleventh studio album 72 Seasons is slated for release on April 14, 2023.^[204] On January 19, 2023, Metallica released another single titled «Screaming Suicide».^[205]

Style and lyrical themes

Metallica’s sound has been described as heavy metal,^{[206][207][208][209][210]} thrash metal,^{[206][209][210]} speed metal,^{[206][210][211]} hard rock,^[206] and hardcore punk.^[210] Metallica was influenced by early heavy metal and hard rock bands and artists Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Kiss, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Ted Nugent, AC/DC, Rush, Aerosmith, Judas Priest^[212] and by new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) bands Raven,^[213] Venom, Motörhead, Saxon, Diamond Head, Blitzkrieg, and Iron Maiden as well as European bands Scorpions,^[212] Accept^[214] and Mercyful Fate.^[215] Early punk rock bands Ramones, Sex Pistols, and the Misfits also influenced Metallica’s style as did post-punk band Killing Joke^[216] and hardcore punk acts Discharge,^[217] GBH^[218] and Suicidal Tendencies.^[219] Lars Ulrich has cited Iron Maiden as probably the biggest influence on Metallica’s career.^[220] The band’s early releases contained fast tempos, harmonized leads, and nine-minute instrumental tracks. Steve Huey of AllMusic said Ride the Lightning featured «extended, progressive epics; tight, concise groove-rockers».^[221] Huey said Metallica expanded its compositional technique and range of expression to take on a more aggressive approach in following releases, and lyrics dealt with personal and socially conscious issues.^[221] Religious and military leaders, rage, insanity, monsters, and drugs—among other themes—were explored on Master of Puppets.^[222]

In 1991, Huey said Metallica with new producer Bob Rock simplified and streamlined its music for a more commercial approach to appeal to mainstream audiences.^[223] Robert Palmer of Rolling Stone said the band abandoned its aggressive, fast tempos to expand its music and expressive range.^[224] The change in direction proved commercially successful; Metallica was the band’s first album to peak at number one on the Billboard 200. Metallica noticed changes to the rock scene created by the grunge movement of the early 1990s. In Load—an album that has been described as having «an almost alternative rock» approach—the band changed musical direction again and focused on non-metal influences.^[225] Metallica’s new lyrical approach moved away from drugs and monsters, and focused on anger, loss, and retribution. Some fans and critics were not pleased with this change, which included haircuts, the cover art of Load, and headlining the Lollapalooza festival of 1996.^[56] David Fricke of Rolling Stone described the move as «goodbye to the moldy stricture and dead-end Puritanism of no-frills thrash», and called Load the heaviest record of 1996.^[56] With the release of ReLoad in 1997, the band displayed blues and early hard rock influences, incorporating more rhythm and harmony in song structures.^[225]

St. Anger marked another large change in the band’s sound. Guitar solos were excluded from the album, leaving a «raw and unpolished sound».^[72] The band used drop C tuning; Ulrich’s snare drum received particular criticism. New York Magazine‘s Ethan Brown said it «reverberates with a thwong». The album’s lyrics deal with Hetfield’s drug rehabilitation and include references to the devil, anti-drug themes, claustrophobia, impending doom, and religious hypocrisy.^[226][227] At the advice of producer Rick Rubin, for its ninth studio album Death Magnetic, the band returned to standard tuning and guitar solos.^[228] As a return to Metallica’s thrash roots, Death Magnetic was a riff-oriented album featuring intense guitar solos and subtle lyrics dealing with suicide and redemption.^[229]

Legacy and influence

Metallica has become one of the most influential heavy metal bands of all time and is credited as one of the «big four» of thrash metal, along with Slayer, Anthrax, and Megadeth.^[230] The band has sold more than 125 million records worldwide,^[3] including an RIAA-certified 66 million and Nielsen SoundScan-reported 58,000,000 in the US, making Metallica one of the most commercially successful bands of all time.^[231][232] The writers of The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll said Metallica gave heavy metal «a much-needed charge».^[233] Stephen Thomas Erlewine and Greg Prato of Allmusic said Metallica «expanded the limits of thrash, using speed and volume not for their own sake, but to enhance their intricately structured compositions», and called the band «easily the best, most influential heavy metal band of the ’80s, responsible for bringing the music back to Earth».^[234]

Jonathan Davis of Korn said he respects Metallica as his favorite band; he said, «I love that they’ve done things their own way and they’ve persevered over the years and they’re still relevant to this day. I think they’re one of the greatest bands ever.»^[235] Godsmack drummer Shannon Larkin said Metallica has been the biggest influence on the band, stating, «they really changed my life when I was 16 years old—I’d never heard anything that heavy».^[236] Chuck Billy of Testament has also cited Metallica as an influence on the band, as well as Hetfield as «an inspiration with clever lyrics»; he added, «When I first started hearing Metallica it was something new to me the way his cadence of vocal styles sang to the music.»^[237][238] Vocalist and guitarist Robb Flynn of Machine Head said that when creating the band’s 2007 album, The Blackening, «What we mean is an album that has the power, influence and epic grandeur of that album Master of Puppets—and the staying power—a timeless record like that».^[239] Gojira lead guitarist Christian Andreu said it was while listening to Ride the Lightning that he started making music; saying «we find on the album ‘Fade to Black’, ‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’, emblematic pieces».^[240] Trivium guitarists Corey Beaulieu and Matt Heafy said that when they heard Metallica they wanted to start playing guitar.^[241][242] M. Shadows of Avenged Sevenfold said touring with Metallica was the band’s career highlight, and said, «Selling tons of records and playing huge shows will never compare to meeting your idols Metallica«.^[243] God Forbid guitarists Doc and Dallas Coyle were inspired by Metallica as they grew up, and the band’s bassist John Outcalt admires Burton as a «rocker».^[244] Ill Niño drummer Dave Chavarri said he finds early Metallica releases are «heavy, raw, rebellious. It said, ‘fuck you'»,^[245] and Adema drummer Kris Kohls said the band is influenced by Metallica.^[246]

On April 4, 2009, Metallica were inducted into the Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame. They entered the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the second year they were eligible and first year they were nominated. Metallica’s induction into the Hall included its current lineup, James Hetfield, Kirk Hammett, Robert Trujillo, and Lars Ulrich, and former members Jason Newsted and Cliff Burton.^[247]

MTV ranked Metallica the third «Greatest Heavy Metal Band in History».^[235] Metallica was ranked 42nd on VH1’s «100 Greatest Artists of All Time»,^[248] was listed fifth on VH1’s «100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock»,^[249] and the band was number one on VH1’s «20 Greatest Metal Bands» list.^[250] Rolling Stone placed the band 61st on its list of «The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time»;^[251] its albums Master of Puppets and Metallica were ranked at numbers 167 and 252 respectively on the magazine’s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.^[252] Master of Puppets was named in Q Magazine‘s «50 Heaviest Albums of All Time»,^[253] and was ranked number one on IGN’s «Top 25 Metal Albums»,^[254] and number one on Metal-rules.com’s «Top 100 Heavy Metal Albums» list.^[255] «Enter Sandman» was ranked number 399 on Rolling Stone‘s «500 Greatest Songs of All Time».^[256]

Kerrang! released a tribute album titled Master of Puppets: Remastered with the April 8, 2006, edition of the magazine to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Master of Puppets. The album featured cover versions of Metallica songs by Machine Head, Bullet for My Valentine, Chimaira, Mastodon, Mendeed, and Trivium—all of which are influenced by Metallica. At least 15 Metallica tribute albums have been released. On September 10, 2006, Metallica guest starred on The Simpsons‘ eighteenth-season premiere, «The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer».^[257] Hammett’s and Hetfield’s voices were used in three episodes of the animated television series Metalocalypse.^[258] Finnish cello metal band Apocalyptica released a tribute album titled Plays Metallica by Four Cellos, which features eight Metallica songs played on cellos. A parody band named Beatallica plays music using a combination of The Beatles and Metallica songs. Beatallica faced legal troubles when Sony, which owns The Beatles’ catalog, issued a cease and desist order, claiming «substantial and irreparable injury» and ordering the group to pay damages. Ulrich, a fan of Beatallica, asked Metallica’s lawyer Peter Paterno to help settle the case.^[259]

On March 7, 1999, Metallica was inducted into the San Francisco Walk of Fame. The mayor of San Francisco, Willie Brown, proclaimed the day «Official Metallica Day».^[260] The band was awarded the MTV Icon award in 2003, and a concert paying tribute to the band with artists performing its songs was held. Performances included Sum 41 and a medley of «For Whom the Bell Tolls», «Enter Sandman», and «Master of Puppets». Staind covered «Nothing Else Matters», Avril Lavigne played «Fuel», hip-hop artist Snoop Dogg performed «Sad but True», Korn played «One», and Limp Bizkit performed «Welcome Home (Sanitarium)».^[261]

The Guitar Hero video game series included several of Metallica’s songs. «One» was used in Guitar Hero III. The album Death Magnetic was later released as purchasable, downloadable content for the game. «Trapped Under Ice» was featured in the sequel, Guitar Hero World Tour. In 2009, Metallica collaborated with the game’s developers to make Guitar Hero: Metallica, which included a number of Metallica’s songs. Harmonix’ video game series Rock Band included «Enter Sandman» and «Battery»; «Ride the Lightning», «Blackened», and «…And Justice for All» were released as downloadable tracks. In 2013, due to expiring content licenses, «Ride the Lightning», «Blackened», and «…And Justice for All» are no longer available for download.^[262]

In October 2020, Miley Cyrus announced that she was planning on recording a Metallica covers album and on January 7, 2021, she announced that she has recorded a cover version of «Nothing Else Matters» that would feature Elton John on piano, drummer Chad Smith from Red Hot Chili Peppers and cellist Yo-Yo Ma. The song was produced by Andrew Watt.^[263]

Band members

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

• Kill ‘Em All (1983)
• Ride the Lightning (1984)
• Master of Puppets (1986)
• …And Justice for All (1988)
• Metallica (1991)
• Load (1996)
• Reload (1997)
• St. Anger (2003)
• Death Magnetic (2008)
• Hardwired… to Self-Destruct (2016)
• 72 Seasons (2023)

Awards and nominations

Grammy Awards^[264]

• 1990: Best Metal Performance – «One»
• 1991: Best Metal Performance – «Stone Cold Crazy»
• 1992: Best Metal Performance – Metallica
• 1999: Best Metal Performance – «Better than You»
• 2000: Best Hard Rock Performance – «Whiskey in the Jar»
• 2001: Best Rock Instrumental Performance – «The Call of Ktulu» (with Michael Kamen and the San Francisco Symphony)
• 2004: Best Metal Performance – «St. Anger»
• 2009: Best Metal Performance – «My Apocalypse»
• 2009: Best Recording Package – Death Magnetic^[265]

See also

• List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
• List of bands from the San Francisco Bay Area
• List of best-selling music artists
• List of heavy metal bands
• List of highest-grossing live music artists
• List of Metallica concert tours
• List of people from California
• List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
• List of thrash metal bands

Notes

References

General sources

External links

Металл или метал?

Русский язык, конечно, велик и могуч, однако таит в себе множество подводных камней, о которые спотыкаются многие пишущие. Иногда опасности подстерегают даже в самых, казалось бы, простых словах. Одно из них – слово МЕТАЛЛ. Или все-таки МЕТАЛ? Как правильно – с одной Л или с двумя?

И, как это часто бывает в русской орфографии, оба слова правильны, все дело – в смысле полной написанной фразы. В данном случае мы имеем дело с омофонами, то есть со словами, имеющими разное лексическое значение, разными в написании, но которые мы слышим одинаково. Более того, МЕТАЛЛ и МЕТАЛ еще и относятся к разным частям речи.

Употребление слова МЕТАЛЛ

Начнем с существительного. Слово МЕТАЛЛ – с двумя ЛЛ – это существительное второго склонения. И означает оно несколько веществ из химической таблицы Менделеева, объединенных сходными свойствами: блеском, плавкостью, электропроводимостью и так далее.

Происходит слово МЕТАЛЛ, согласно словарю Фасмера, из древнегреческого μέταλλον (читается «металлон»), что в буквальном смысле означает «рудник, шахта». В свою очередь, это слово заимствовали римляне, и оно превратилось в латинское metallum. Следом в очереди – французы, называвшие его métal, потом – немцы (Меtаll). А уже Петр I принес это слово в Россию, где оно трансформировалось в привычный нам МЕТАЛЛ.

Все производные от этого существительного слова также имеют корень «-металл-» и пишутся с двумя ЛЛ, независимо от того, к какой части речи принадлежат:

Металлург (сущ.), металлический (прил.), металлолом (сущ.)

Пожалуй, единственный случай, когда это слово имеет лексическое значение химического элемента, но пишется с одной Л – это музыкальный жанр «хеви-метал»: одно из ответвлений «тяжелого» рока. Но и то одна Л обусловлена тем, что «хеви-метал» происходит от английского написания слова: «metal», сохранившимся в русской транслитерации.

Примеры предложений

• Металлические поверхности сильно нагреваются на солнце.
• В городе шумно отпраздновали День металлурга.
• Два раза в год все старшие классы отправлялись на сбор металлолома.
• — Металл металлу рознь, — заявил дед. – Одни притягивают магниты, другие нет.
• — Как надоел ваш хеви-метал! – вздохнула тетя Лена.
• Груда неиспользованного металла росла и грозила заползти в сарай.
• Металлический блеск ткани создавал ощущение холода и заставлял ежиться.

Употребление слова МЕТАЛ

Второй омоним – слово МЕТАЛ. С одной Л в конце – это глагол несовершенного вида, мужского рода, прошедшего времени, имеющий инфинитив «метать»: «Спортсмен метал копье».

В этом случае все глаголы прошедшего времени от слова «метать» пишутся с одной Л: «метала, метали, метало». Хотя в среднем роде этот глагол чаще всего пишется совершенного вида, с приставками: «разметало, заметало».

Примеры предложений

• Вчера все наши восьмые классы на физкультуре метали мяч.
• В молодости он был спортсменом: метал копье.
• Разозлившись, она метала в стенку все, что под руку попадалось.
• Сено ветром разметало по всему полю.
• Белье беспорядочно заметало по всей улице.
• Павел очень устал: весь день метал сено, чтобы успеть до дождя.

Ошибочное написание слова

Ошибкой будет написать слово МЕТАЛ с одним Л, имея в виду химический элемент и наоборот, написание слова МЕТАЛЛ там, где нужно употребить глагол.

Ошибочно также правописание «митал», «миталл». Проверочного слова тут нет, если есть сомнения – лучше заглянуть в орфографический словарь.

Заключение

Итак, чтобы понять, как правильно пишется МЕТАЛЛ/МЕТАЛ, нужно сначала определить часть речи и запомнить: в существительном – две ЛЛ, в глаголе – одна.

Источник статьи: http://correctno.ru/orfografiya/metall_ili_metal

Metallica — перевод песен и тексты на русском

Величайшая группа всех времен и народов. Легендарные отцы-основатели индастриал, спид и треш металла, внесшие огромный вклад в развитие «тяжелой» хардкоровой музыки. Группа на слуху уже третий десяток лет и её слава не меркнет, благодаря постоянной работе команды.

О ней слышали все, кто слышал хоть что-то про металл или почти все. О ней слышали, даже те, кто ничего про металл не слышал, и знать про него не знает. Если вы ничего не знаете про Metallica , то это крайне печально, особенно для вас. Без шуток.

Что ж, история этой легенды началась в далеком 1981 году в городе Калифорния, благодаря усилиям двух музыкантов — Ларсу Ульриху и Джеймсу Хэтфилду в этом мире появилась группа Metallica . Знакомство этих двух выдающихся людей состоялось не просто так, а по объявлению, которое было напечатано в музыкальном журнале « The Recycler ». Через некоторое время, Ларс Ульрих и Джеймс Хэтфилд общими усилиями с Ллойд Грант и Роном Макгавни делают запись своей первой демо-песни под названием « No Life Til ’ Leather ».

Однако уже осенью 1982 года происходит смена состава группы: сначала группу покидает Ллойд и на его место приходит Дэйв Мастейн, и уже в ноябре этого же года Рона Макгавни заменяет Клифф Бёртон. Новый состав участников группы дает свой первый концерт в марте 1983 года. Но неожиданно для всех из группы уходит Мастейн, которого сразу же сменяет Керк Хаммет.

И уже в апреле этого года состоялся дебют нового участника в составе группы Metallica . Этот состав группы просуществовал до трагедии, которая произошла в 1986 году, когда во время гастролей по Швеции группа попадает в аварию, которая уносит жизнь басиста Клифф Бёртон.

Трагическая смерть Клиффа принесла в группу горе и сомнения насчет продолжения намеченного пути. Три оставшихся участника команды решили, что Клифф Бёртон пожелал бы, чтобы они продолжали; с благословения семьи Бёртона Metallica начала поиски замены и почти сразу начала прослушивания.

В итоге, группа остановилась на кандидатуре Джейсона Ньюстеда, бывшего участника группы Flotsam and Jetsam . Ньюстед официально вошёл в состав Metallica в октябре 1986 года. Группа закончила прерванное турне и затем в июле 1987 года записала мини-альбом « Garage Days Re-Revisited » с новым басистом.

За все время до трагедии, когда группа в течение четырех лет просуществовала в неизменном составе, Metallica успела выпустить свой первый увенчанный славой альбом « Kill ’ Em All », который в будущем стал эталоном для многих музыкальных групп. Вслед за громким дебютом, выходит два не менее культовых альбома группы: « Ride The Lightning » в 1984 году и « Master Of Puppets » в 1986. Контракт с лейблом « Elektra Records » дал возможность группе сделать репринт двух предыдущих альбомов и записать третью пластинку.

Альбом «… And Justice for All » вышедший 1988 году имел огромный музыкальный и коммерческий успех, достигнув 6 строчки в чарте « Billboard 200», являясь первым альбомом группы, который вошёл в Топ 10 чарта. Альбом был сертифицирован как платиновый через девять недель после его выхода.

В 1989 году Metallica была впервые выдвинута на премию «Грэмми» в недавно созданной категории «Лучшее вокальное либо инструментальное хард-рок/метал выступление». Однако, награду получила группа Jethro Tull . Это спровоцировало большую дискуссию в музыкальных кругах, так как Metallica была ожидаемым победителем в этой номинации.

Вслед за выпуском этого альбома Metallica выпускает свой дебютный клип на композицию « One ». Группа исполняла песню на заброшенном складе, также в клипе были вставки из фильма «Джонни взял ружьё». Талантливые люди – талантливы во всём. После огромного успеха клипа, малоизвестный ранее фильм обрел культовый статус и популярность. В 1999 году видеоклип « One » занял 38 место в списке 100 величайших музыкальных клипов на MTV .

Еще большую славу группе Metallica приносит действительно легендарный и величайший в истории металла альбом под одноименным названием « Metallica » (также известен как « The Black Album »), выпущенный в августе 1991 году.

Он дебютировал на первом месте в чарте « Billboard 200» и оставался на вершине четыре недели. Всего в чарте « Billboard 200» альбом продержался в общей сложности 282 недели. Ошеломительный успех песни « Enter Sandman » позволил ей попасть в чарт Топ-20 в США.

Metallica находится в зените своей славы. Знаменитый и культовый трек « Nothing Else Matters » попадает в лучшую десятку песен Великобритании. Также на этом альбоме присутствовала по-настоящему сильная и знаковая композиция « Unfogiven », которая впоследствии обрела два продолжения. В первую неделю только в США было распродано 650 тысяч копий пластинки.

Пластинка получила статус 16 раз платиновой от американской ассоциации звукозаписывающих компаний ( RIAA ). Концертный тур в поддержку альбома начался в августе 1991 года и длился более 14 месяцев, в рамках этого тура Metallica впервые посетила Советский Союз, выступив на фестивале «Монстры Рока».

Вышедший в 1996 году альбом под названием « Load » занял первое место в хит-параде США, сменив стиль группы, выбрав несколько иное музыкальное направление, но, разумеется, в пределах металла. В поддержку следующего альбома « Reload » в марте 1998 года группа отправляется в большое турне по всему миру. На этом альбоме присутствовала композиция « The Memory Remains », записанная совместно со звездой 60-х годов Marianne Faithfull .

В состав песен нового диска « Garage Inc », выпущенного в ноябре 1998 года вошли несколько кавер-версий, которые затем также получили статус культовых: « Turn the Page », « Whiskey in the Jar » и другие. Альбом занял почетное второе место в хит-параде США. Metallica обожает музыкальные эксперименты и поэтому осенью 1999 года вышел записанный совместно с симфоническим оркестром Сан-Франциско концертный альбом « S & M ».

Зимой 2001 года команду покидает Ньюстед из-за конфликта с Хэтфилдом. У самого Хэтфилда были тогда проблемы с «вредными привычками» и он лег на пару месяцев в больницу. Группа была на грани распада, но благодаря усилиям команды и огромному потенциалу коллектива, постепенно Metallica принялась за работу над новыми проектами.

Логическим завершением этого титанического труда стал вышедший летом 2003 года альбом под названием « St . Anger », занявший первые места во многих чартах. Пластинка поразила всех агрессивностью и экстремальностью музыки, а также «сырым» звучанием, что вызвало бурную критику со стороны фанатов. Тем не менее, композиция « St . Anger » выиграла премию «Грэмми» за «Лучшее метал-выступление» в 2004 году.
Через год на свет появился документальный фильм « Some Kind of Monster », который стал подтверждением нелегкой работы записи альбома. Этот фильм дал возможность заглянуть в «святая святых» Metallica — процесс создания музыки.

Девятый студийный альбом группы Death Magnetic вышел в сентябре 2008 года и за первые недели продаж установил рекорд по реализации относительно предыдущих пластинок группы. Кроме того, Metallica стала первой группой, которая выпустила пять подряд идущих альбомов, занимающих первое место в чарте « Billboard 200».

Спустя неделю после релиза, « Death Magnetic » удерживал первую строчку в « Billboard 200», европейском чарте альбомов, а также стал наиболее быстро продаваемым альбомом в Австралии в 2008 году. Даже через три недели « Death Magnetic » всё ещё был на вершине чарта « Billboard 200».

В 2011 году Metallica записала 10 песен с участием Лу Рида, которые затем вошли в альбом « Lulu ». Запись была осуществлена в домашней студии штаб-квартиры Metallica . Лу Рид написал песни и музыку для театральной постановки «Лулу» по мотивам Ведекинда, но после совместного выступления с Metallica в честь 25-летия Зала славы рок-н-ролла музыканты решили записать альбом. Эта пластинка получила крайне неоднозначные отзывы со стороны фанатов, в основном негативные.

В сентябре 2013 года на большие экраны вышел художественный фильм группы Metallica « Through The Never ». В России премьера прошла в московском Кремлёвском дворце с участием Ларса Ульриха и Роберта Трухильо.

Вклад группы Metallica в музыкальную индустрию огромен, команда стояла у истоков многих музыкальных стилей и направлений. Благодаря Metallica появилось множество новых трэш-, индастриал-, спид-металл групп, многие музыканты начали свой путь только услышав эту группу.

Перевод песни Metallica — One

I can’t remember anything
Can’t tell if this is true or dream
Deep down inside I feel to scream
This terrible silence stops me
Now that the war is through with me
I’m waking up , I cannot see
That there’s not much left of me
Nothing is real but pain now

Hold my breath as I wish for death
Oh please God , wake me

Back in the womb it’s much too real
In pumps life that I must feel
But can’t look forward to reveal
Look to the time when I’ll live
Fed through the tube that sticks in me
Just like a wartime novelty
Tied to machines that make me be
Cut this life off from me

Hold my breath as I wish for death
Oh please God , wake me

Now the world is gone I’m just one
Oh please God , help me

Hold my breath as I wish for death
Oh please God , help me

Darkness
Imprisoning me
All that I see
Absolute horror
I cannot live
I cannot die
Trapped in myself
Body my holding cell

Landmine
Has taken my sight
Taken my speech
Taken my hearing
Taken my arms
Taken my legs
Taken my soul
Left me with life in Hell

Я не могу вспомнить ничего
Не могу отличить реальность от сна
В глубине души мне хочется кричать
Эта ужасная тишина убивает меня
Вот что война сделала со мной
Просыпаясь, я не могу видеть
От меня не так уж много осталось
Ничего настоящего, кроме боли.

Я задерживаю дыхание, желая умереть.
Господи, разбуди меня, пожалуйста.

Будто снова в утробе, все так реально.
В меня качают жизнь, которой я должен жить.
Но я не могу взглянуть дальше, чтобы открыть,
Какой будет моя жизнь.
Меня кормят через трубочку,
Это изобретение войны.
Я привязан к машинам, позволяющим мне жить.
Отключите меня от такой жизни.

Я задерживаю дыхание, желая умереть.
Господи, разбуди меня пожалуйста.

Мир исчез, я совсем один
Господи, помоги пожалуйста.

Я задерживаю дыхание, желая умереть.
Господи, помоги пожалуйста.

Тьма
Захватила меня.
Все, что я вижу —
Абсолютный ужас.
Я не могу жить,
Я не могу умереть.
Заключен в себя.
Мое тело — тюрьма.

Мина
Забрала мое зрение,
Мою речь,
Мой слух,
Мои руки,
Мои ноги,
Мою душу,
Обрекла на жизнь в Аду

Metallica
Metallica
Годы	1981 — наши дни
Страна	США
Город	Лос-Анджелес/Сан-Франциско
Язык песен	английский
Жанры	1981 — 1983 спид-метал хэви-метал трэш-метал 1984 — 1988 трэш-метал 1991 трэш-метал хэви-метал 1996 — 1997 хард-рок блюз-рок хеви-метал 2003 хеви-метал альтернативный метал трэш-метал 2008 трэш-метал
Тематика лирики	Метал (1983) Смерть, независимость (1984) Манипуляция (1986) Несправедливость (1988) Общество (1988 — 1991) Личное (1991 — 2003) Злость (2003) Личное (2008)
Лейбл	Elektra Records
Состав	на фото слева направо:Кирк Хэмметт Ларс Ульрих Джеймс Хэтфилд Роберт Трухильо
Другие проекты участников	Exodus Suicidal Tendencies Spastik Children Leather Charm Phantom Lord Obsession Septic Death Jerry Cantrell Infectious Grooves
http://www.metallica.com

Metallica — американская метал-группа, исполняющая музыку в стилях трэш-метал и хэви-метал, образованная в 1981 году.

Metallica оказала большое влияние на развитие метала и входит (наряду с такими группами, как Megadeth и «большую четвёрку трэш-метала». Альбомы Metallica были проданы в общей сложности в количестве более 100[1] миллионов экземпляров по всему миру, что делает её самым коммерчески успешным металическим коллективом.

История группы

Начало

Metallica была основана в Лос-Анжелесе в октябре 1981 года гитаристом и вокалистом Джеймсом Хэтфилдом и барабанщиком Ларсом Ульрихом после того, как оба поместили объявление о создании группы в издании «The Recycler». Однако, как позже выяснилось из интервью Рона Макговни журналу «So What», Джеймса и Ларса познакомил между собой их общий друг Хью Таннер, который в то время был соло-гитаристом в группе Рона и Джеймса «Leather Charm». Дуэт пригласил басиста Рона Макговни, знакомого Хэтфилда по его предыдущей группе «Leather Charm», однако на ранних стадиях существования группы постоянно возникали проблемы с гитаристами, поэтому уже поначалу их сменилось несколько: Ллойд Грант, Брэд Паркер и Джефф Уорнер. Metallica получила своё название, когда Рон Куинтана попросил Ларса Ульриха помочь ему выбрать название для своего нового журнала об американских и британских метал-группах. Куинтана имел такие варианты как «Metallica», «Metal Mania» и «Hesse». Ульрих сообразил, что «Metallica» будет отличным названием группы и сказал Рону, что такое название вряд ли кому-нибудь понравится.

Вдохновением для Metallica служила музыка таких групп как Black Sabbath, Motörhead, Diamond Head, Saxon, Thin Lizzy, Judas Priest, Iron Maiden, Mercyful Fate и других британских метал-групп. Также на музыку Metallica повлияли панк-рок группы Misfits, Zeroption, The Ramones.

В начале 1982 года Ульрих убедил основателя и владельца Metal Blade Records Брайана Слэйджела включить песню «Hit The Lights» в первую компиляцию Metal Massacre. Отчаявшись в поисках постоянного лидер-гитариста, Ульрих поместил объявление в журнале «The Recycler». Дэйв Мастейн из Ханингтон Бич, который в то время уже играл в группе Panic, ответил и встретился с участниками Metallica для прослушивания. Ульрих и Хэтфилд были так впечатлены оборудованием и одной лишь разминкой Мастейна, что они попросили его присоединиться к группе ещё до начала самого прослушивания.

В марте и апреле 1982 года было записано несколько небольших демо, включая Hit The Lights, Ron McGovney’s ’82 Garage Demo, которая была записана в гараже Макговни, и Power Metal demo. Несколько месяцев спустя группа записала полноформатное демо No Life ’til Leather, которое быстро привлекло внимание неофициальных кругов продажи метал-музыки. После этого они выпустили концертное демо Metal Up Your Ass. 25 мая 1982 года происходит историческое событие: Metallica впервые выходит на сцену (группа выступила с концертом в школе, в которой учился Ларс Ульрих).

После того как Metallica увидела, как играет группа Trauma, коллектив попросил басиста Клиффа Бёртона присоединиться к ним, заменив тем самым менее профессионального Макговни. Бёртон согласился, но с условием, что группа переедет в его родной город Сан-Франциско. С Клиффом Бёртоном группа записала Megaforce Demo. После того как группа зарекомендовала себя важной единицей в Bay Area thrash metal, Metallica поехала в Нью-Йорк в 1983 году. Группа подписала контракт с новым лейблом Megaforce Records. Вскоре после этого Хэтфилд и Ульрих решили, что становится всё сложнее выдерживать агрессивное и взрывное поведение Мастейна. Ему сказали покинуть группу, и в качестве лид-гитариста был приглашён Кирк Хэммет из группы Exodus. После ухода из Metallica Дэйв Мастейн создал свою собственную группу

Поздней весной 1983 года группа отправилась в Рочестер (Нью-Йорк), чтобы записать свой первый альбом Kill ‘Em All. Альбом продавался не очень хорошо, но группа получила растущую фанатскую базу из среды метала. Годом позже Metallica выпустила альбом Ride The Lightning. Включение в альбом более медленной, интроспективной песни «Fade To Black» отделило Metallica от большинства других трэш-метал-групп.

Master Of Puppets, смерть Клиффа Бёртона

Когда Ride The Lightning привлёк внимание крупных звукозаписывающих компаний, Metallica подписала контракт с Elektra Records. Их первым релизом с Elektra был Master of Puppets 1986 года, который считается их переломным альбомом. Несмотря на то, что из альбома не было выпущено синглов, группа получила небольшой радиоэфир благодаря песням «Master of Puppets» и «Welcome Home (Sanitarium)». Группа получила ещё большую известность, когда её попросили открывать концерты Ozzy Osbourne, и Master of Puppets достиг #29 в чарте Billboard Top Album Charts.^[2] Критики считают Master of Puppets «одним из величайших хэви-метал-альбомов всех времён».^[3]

27 сентября 1986 года, во время европейского турне, Клифф Бёртон погиб в Швеции, когда автобус группы по дороге в Стокгольм занесло на скользкой дороге и он перевернулся.^[4] Бёртона выбросило из окна и придавило автобусом. Был ли Бёртон уже мёртв или нет, остаётся неясным, но он получил смертельные ранения. Лебёдка, которая поднимала автобус, порвалась, что привело к тому, что автобус упал на него второй раз.

Я видел, как из-под автобуса торчали его ноги. Помню, водитель пытался вытащить из-под него одеяло, чтобы им могли воспользоваться оставшиеся в живых. Тут меня прорвало: «Не трогай его, твою мать…» Я готов был убить его. Я не знаю, был ли он пьян или виной всему гололёд. Я только знал, что он был за рулём и Клиффа больше нет.

— Джеймс Хэтфилд, 1993 год

Смерть Клиффа оставила группу в сомнении, что делать дальше. Три оставшихся участника Metallica решили, что Клифф Бёртон пожелал бы, чтобы они продолжали; с благословения семьи Бёртона Metallica начала поиски замены и почти сразу начала прослушивания. Среди претендентов был Лес Клэйпул, друг детства Кирка Хэмметта. Клэйпул понравился группе, но стиль его игры не подходил для неё. В серии Behind the Music, посвящённой Metallica, Хэтфилд объясняет, что Клэйпул был «слишком хорош» для Metallica. В конечном счёте вместо Клэйпула место в группе было предложено Джейсону Ньюстеду, бывшему члену группы Flotsam and Jetsam. Ньюстед официально вошёл в состав группы 28 октября 1986 года — спустя три недели после похорон Клиффа Бёртона. Группа закончила своё турне в начале 1987 года. Вслед за турне в июле 1987 года Metallica записала Garage Days Re-Revisited, чтобы опробовать новую построенную ими студию и оценить талант Ньюстеда.

…And Justice For All

…And Justice for All, первый студийный альбом, записанный после смерти Клиффа Бёртона, был выпущен в 1988 году. Басовая партия Ньюстеда едва слышна на альбоме, и многие фанаты предположили, что это было сделано намеренно в качестве реакции на смерть Бёртона либо подшучивания над Ньюстедом. Наиболее вероятная причина, указанная Хэтфилдом и Ульрихом в последовавших интервью, заключалась в том, что Ньюстед не присутствовал на сеансах сведения и не был в состоянии повлиять на этот процесс. Ульрих также высказал своё мнение, что нехватка ощутимых басов вызвана тем, что басовая партия Ньюстеда повторяет партию ритм-гитары Хэтфилда.

Альбом …And Justice for All логически завершил развитие трэш-метала как жанра. Таких сложных конструкций, какие были представлены на этой пластинке, мир хэви-метала до этого не знал, даже принимая во внимание не очень удавшийся звук. Но дальше усложнять и без того сложное не имело смысла. Как заметил Ларс Ульрих, «Песни на …And Justice for All были совсем уж длиннющие, порой запутанные и мрачные. Нам нельзя было допускать второго такого альбома». Джеймс Хэтфилд после одного из живых исполнений заглавной песни альбома сказал: «We will never play this fucking song again!» (в пер. с англ.  — «Мы больше не будем играть эту чёртову песню!»), хотя спустя несколько лет песня опять вошла в сет-листы концертов.

Несмотря на то что лирика песен была восторженно принята прессой и фанатами, продюсирование альбома получило резкую критику из-за того, что ударные Ульриха звучали слишком глухо и гитары имели слишком слабое звучание.^[5] За выходом альбома последовал промо-тур «Damaged Justice».

Несмотря на критику в 1989 году, Metallica была в первый раз выдвинута на Грэмми в недавно созданной категории «Лучшее вокальное либо инструментальное хард-рок/метал выступление». Тем не менее награду получила группа Jethro Tull за альбом Crest of a Knave. Это спровоцировало много споров, так как Metallica была ожидаемым победителем и осталась ждать получения награды за исполнение песни One для телеэфира. Jethro Tull (которую большинство даже не считало хард-рок/метал группой) даже не следила за церемонией, считая, что их шансы получить награду слишком малы. Спустя три года на церемонии вручения Грэмми за «Enter Sandman» Ларс Ульрих пренебрежительно отозвался о Jethro Tull, сказав: «Мы должны благодарить Jethro Tull за то, что они не выпустили альбом в этом году».

Вслед за выпуском …And Justice for All Metallica охватила массовое направление музыки со своим дебютным клипом на «One». Группа исполняла песню на заброшенном складе, также в клипе были вставки из фильма Johnny Got His Gun. Вместо организации предстоящей сделки с владельцами лицензии Metallica просто полностью купила права на фильм. Поэтому фильм впоследствии не был выпущен на

The Black Album

В 1991 году, Metallica выпустила альбом без названия (также известный поклонникам как Metallica или The Black Album — «Чёрный альбом»), который включал такие песни как «Enter Sandman», «Nothing Else Matters», «Sad But True», «The Unforgiven», «Holier Than Thou» и «Wherever I May Roam». Сопродюсером альбома был Боб Рок, который также работал с The Cult, Bon Jovi и Mötley Crüe. Обложка альбома была чёрной с очень бледным изображением змеи в правом нижнем углу и логотипом группы в противоположном. Большинство информации о создании альбома Metallica и о туре в его поддержку было включено в A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica. Запись альбома была долгим и трудным процессом, продолжавшимся более года из-за длительных споров членов группы и Боба Рока относительно направленности и звучания альбома. Стоимость записи альбома превысила 1 миллион долларов (согласно Behind the Music: Metallica). Несмотря на всё это, альбом стал самым успешным релизом группы, и занял первую позицию в чартах Billboard.^[6]

Первым синглом из альбома был «Enter Sandman», который показал сниженный темп нового альбома по сравнению с предыдущими работами Metallica. Black Album на данный момент занимает 26 место среди самых продаваемых альбомов Америки всех времён.

В связи с изменением звучания нового альбома в девяностых всё больше фанатов стали критиковать группу за то, что она, по их мнению, сделала огромный шаг в сторону коммерциализации своей музыки. Metallica часто шутливо подтверждала это мнение. В 1992 во время очень финансово успешного тура вместе с Guns N’ Roses Хэтфилд получил ожоги второй и третьей степени левой руки из-за пиротехнических эффектов во время вступления песни «Fade To Black», которые привели к тому, что он не мог играть на гитаре часть турне. Гитарист Metal Church Джон Маршал (бывший сопровождающий Metallica) играл на гитаре оставшуюся часть турне, а Хэтфилд продолжал петь.

Load, ReLoad, Garage Inc., S&M